Topic #4 - ICT IN MALAYSIA: Past and Future Prospect

Topic #5 – NETIZENS
What Happened on 24th September 2015??

• Netizen 'pening' apabila Facebook tak dapat

diakses selama hampir 42 minit, seluruh
dunia. 1.3 Billion users.
What happened in UMS ON THAT DAY??
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• Computer – has been used in Malaysia as early 1970s, specially from the
fourth generation type (1972-1984).
• The advance in computer technology with telecommunications links
brought swift and sophisticated changes leading TELEKOM Malaysia Berhad
to introduced a new service called Datel in the year 1983, where computer
users could use the public switched telephone network for data
communications.
• UTM became the first institution to developed computer center in 1975.
• 1984 – MAMPU developed ICT Plan and Policy Section/Department.
• 1985 – MIMOS emerged.
• 1986 – PIKOM was created.
• 1995 – MSC was launched.
• 1996 – NITC, MDC & NITA was launched to ensure realization of the MSC.
History of ICT in MALAYSIA
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• MAMPU
– The Malaysian Administrative Modernization and
Management Planning Unit (MAMPU) - established in May
1977 as an agency within the Prime Minister’s Department.
– Entrusted to introducing administrative reforms in the
public sector which is to upgrade the quality, efficiency and
effectiveness of the Malaysian public service in accordance
with national goals.
– formulating ideas for administrative modernization.
– as central agency to provides technical and management
expertise for the development of ICT in the public sector.
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• MAMPU
– Currently is actively involved in the implementation of Electronic
Government (EG) – one of the seven flagships under the
Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) project.
– EG is a multimedia-networked paperless Government
administration that enables efficient and effective inter and intra
agency operations as well as facilitates both citizen and business
access to Government services.

• Read Source:
http://www.mampu.gov.my/mampueng/Corporat/Introducti
on.htm
History of ICT in MALAYSIA
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• MIMOS
– Established as the Malaysian Institute of Microelectronic
Systems (MIMOS) on 1 January 1985.
– In January 1995, MIMOS was appointed Secretariat to the
National IT Council (NITC.)
– 1 November 1996, MIMOS became corporatized as MIMOS
Berhad, that empowered with greater flexibility to create
value-added innovations for industry, society and the nation.
– play role as the technology R&D organization that functions as
an advisor to the Malaysian Government on technologies,
policies and business development.
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• MIMOS – Internet Service Provider
– First to bring the Internet to Malaysians with the
setting up of the first ISP named JARING
(www.jaring.my) which was launched in 1991.
– It was the first ISP in Southeast Asia to install the
T3/45 Megabytes per second (Mbps) line to speed-
up Internet access.
– In 1999, SuperJARING, the first Internet Protocol (IP)
based 2.5 Gigabytes per second (Gbps) nationwide
backbone in the world, was put in place.
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• PIKOM
– PIKOM, the National ICT Association of Malaysia, is a not-
for-profit organization. It is the largest association
representing information and communications technology
(ICT) players in Malaysia. Since its inception in 1986,
PIKOM has come of age as the voice of the ICT industry.
– It has become an ICT referral center for government and
industry players, as well as international organizations.
– In this regard, PIKOM takes on the responsibility to publish
ICT-relevant information in a periodic manner
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• MDC
 History of ICT in MALAYSIA
• MDC
– There are five (5) Cyber cities within MSC, which are
administers by MDC to ensure that MSC cyber cities are
always adopting the latest in intelligent cities standards.

– The MSC cyber cities, are:

• Menara KL (1996)
• Technology Park Malaysia (1996)
• UPM-MTDC (1997)
• KLCC (1997)
• Cyberjaya (1998)
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)

• THE BIG PICTURE:

– Human Capital
– Vision 2020
– Long-term Outline Perspective Plan
– Five-year Development Plan
– K-Economy
– ICT policy, regulation and industry
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)

• ICT Progress 1996-2000

– Utilization of ICT
– National IT Agenda
– Development of the Multimedia Super Corridor
– MSC Flagship Applications
– Development of Communications Infrastructure
– Electronic Commerce
– Human Resource Development for ICT
– Funding for ICT Industry
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)
Indicator 1995 2000

PC (Unit Installed) 610,000 2,200,000

PC /1000 population 29.5 95.7

Tel Line/1000 population 161.7 204.8

Tel Subscribers 3,332,447 4,650,410

Mobile Phones 700,000 2,717,000

Internet Subscribers 13,064 1,157,384

 ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-
2000)
• National IT Agenda (NITA)
– The objective is to transform the nation into
knowledge-based society in line with V2020.
– NITA has Five Strategic Thrust Agenda:
• E-Economy
• E-Public Service
• E-Community
• E-Learning
• E Sovereignty
– Strategic Thrust Implementation Committee
• (STIC) was established to monitor the implementation.
• More than 60 initiatives implemented.
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-
2000) NITA Mission
 ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-
2000)
• National IT Council (NITC)
– 28 February 1991, former PM, Tun Dr. Mahathir
Mohamad announced Vision 2020 - ultimate objective to
aim for is a Malaysia that is a fully developed country by
the year 2020.
– To developed a nation, particularly an “industrial
Malaysian society”.
– In conjunction, year 1995, MIMOS was given the role to
form the Nation Information Technology Council of
Malaysia (NITC).
– functions as the primary advisor and consultant to the
Government on matters pertaining to IT in Malaysia's
national development.
 ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-
2000)
• National IT Council
– Was launched in January 1996.
– envisions an “Information-Rich Society” in line with the
Vision 2020.
– promotes the application and development of Information
and Communications Technology (ICT) in nation-building
efforts.
– Providing an integrated platform for transformation into the
E-world.
– Determine the likely impact of IT on the economy and
society
– Explain and promote the potential of IT in transforming
societies in all its dimension.
 ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-
2000)
• Development of MSC
– Established in 1996.
– Multimedia Development Corporation(MDC) was
established to develop and promote MSC.
– By the end on 2000, a total of 429 companies was
granted MSC status.
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)

• MSC Flagship Application

– 1. The multimedia development applications
• Electronic government
• Smart schools
• Multipurpose cards
• Telehealth
– 2. Multimedia environment application
• R&D
• Worldwide manufacturing web
• Borderless marketing
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)
• Electronic Government (EG)
– Objective- to improve government operations in terms
of its internal process and delivery of services to the
public and to business. Under this Flagship, six pilot
projects were implemented:
• 1. Electronic Service
• 2. Electronic Procurement
• 3. Generic Office Environment
• 4. Human Resource Management Information System
• 5. Project Monitoring System
• 6. Electronic Labor Exchange
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)

• Electronic Commerce (EC)

– National Electronic Commerce Committee was set-
up to formulate a framework aimed at promoting
and coordinating the development of ecommerce.
– A study on Electronic Commerce Strategic
Direction for Malaysia was undertaken.
– 27 local financial institutions work jointly to
support on-line transaction over internet between
customers and merchants.
ICT in Malaysia: PROGRESS (1996-2000)

• Electronic Commerce (EC)

– As part of the effort to promote e-commerce,
various laws and regulations were enacted to
regulate activities in cyberspace.
• The Digital Signature Act 1997
• The Copyright (Amendment) Act 1997
• The Computer Crimes Act 1997
• The Telemedicine Act 1997
• The Communications and Multimedia Act 1998
 PROSPECTS 2001-2005
• Creating Competitive Environment
• Upgrading and Expanding ICT Infrastructure
• Enhancing Human Resource Development in ICT
• Promoting Electronic Commerce
• Fostering Local Capabilities in Content Development
• Rolling-out the MSC Flagship Applications
• Nurturing ICT-based SMEs
• Promoting R&D on Soft Factors
ICT in MALAYSIA 2013-2015
(The Digital ERA)
 NETI
ZENS
WARGA
DIGITAL
Knowledgeable with ‘knowledge
of ICT, ICT environment, ICT
application, ICT term & etc…
 Online Information Resources
• Electronic Media: TV, Radio and Internet
• Print Media: Newspaper, Magazines,
Journals and Books
• Information Seeking and retrieval
• Interactive System
• Specialized Databanks
 Online Information Resources
• Information that can be retrieved using
online system that is via computer systems
that include modem and satellite
communication
 Electronic Media
• TV – local stations using microwave
transmission example RTM and TV3
• DBS – direct broadcasting system ASTRO
• Radio – local station (RTM) and using
satellite (ASTRO)
• Internet TV and Radio
 Print Media
• Newspaper – NST, Utusan, Nanyang
• Magazines – URTV, Dewan Masyarakat,
Newsweek and Wanita
• Journals – International Relations, Journals
of Public Relations
• Books
 DataBanks
• Information stored in computers
• Organized and sort according to subjects
• Can be retrieved at anytime from anywhere
via a networks
 Information Seeking &
Retrieval
• Information can be obtain via online in many
ways
• Using search engines line YAHOO, MSN or
Google's
• Type in the subject and proceed with SEARCH
• This type of information seeking would be general
• Selection of information need to be made
according to the desired needs
 Specialized DataBank for
Information Seeking &
Retrieval
• Specialized agencies or organization that sells
information
• Information are organized according to subject
• Anybody can retrieve the information BUT they
need to buy the information through subscriptions
• Normally, there is a special code for users to
access to this information
 Interactive System
• A two way information retrieval system
• Similar to the specialized databanks but
users will get immediate responds
• Good for researchers
• Development of ICT have made interactive
systems more open to the general public
 Mass Media & Interactive
System
• Online newspaper
• Online radio
• Online magazines
• Audiences are given the opportunity to
interact with the media via Internet
Keyboard Warrior
 Keyboard Warrior
• A Person who, being unable to express his anger through physical violence (owning to
their physical weakness, lack of bravery and/or conviction in real life), instead manifests
said emotions through the text-based medium of the internet, usually in the form of
aggressive writing that the Keyboard Warrior would not (for reasons previously
mentioned) be able to give form to in real life.
• The term is a combination of the word 'keyboard' (the main tool by which the person
expresses his/her latent rage) and 'warrior' (due to the warrior-like aggression, tendency
towards violence, headstrong nature and propensity towards brute force as a means of
resolving conflict rather than more subtle means dependent on finesse).
• The Keyboard Warrior seeks to use the power imbued in his 'weapon' to effect death and
destruction (in a strictly-metaphorical sense) upon his foes (other virtual identities he has
encountered on the internet). In essence, the keyboard (ie. text input ability) allows the
keyboard warrior to manifest his true warrior nature in a safe and removed environment,
from which no real-life repercussions .
• Keyboard Warriors are generally identified by unnecessary rage in their written
communications, and are regarded as 'losers' by other virtual identities on the internet.
 Social Media
• Social media is computer-mediated tool that allow people to create, share or
exchange information, ideas, and pictures/videos in virtual communities and
networks.
• Social media is defined as "a group of Internet-based applications that
build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and
that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content.
• Furthermore, social media depend on mobile and web-based technologies to
create highly interactive platforms through which individuals and
communities share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content.
• They introduce substantial and pervasive changes to communication between
businesses, organizations, communities, and individuals
 NETIZEN’s: Definitions
• Refer to anyone who uses the Net, for
whatever purpose.
• People who care about Usenet and the
bigger Net and work towards building the
cooperative and collective nature which
benefits the larger world.
• In contact with much of the world via the
global computer network.
• Virtually we live next door to every other
single people in the world.
• Geographical separation is replaced by
existence in the same virtual space.
• Geography and time are no longer
boundaries.
• The world of Netizens was envisioned
more than 47 years ago (1968) by J.C.R.
Licklider (prophet of the Net).
• Net Society differs from off-line society by
welcoming intellectual activity.
• The Net allows for the meeting of minds to
form and develop ideas.
• Each Netizens thus becomes a special
resources valuable to the Net.
• Netizens represents positive activity.
• Contribute towards the nuturing of the Net.
• Contribute towards the development of a
great shared social wealth.
• Net people willingly help each other and
work togerther to define and address issues
impotant to them.
• Understanding on the value of collective
work and communal aspects of public
communication.
• Social limitations and conventions no
longer prevent potential friendships or
partnerships.
• A new world of connections between
people.
• International connection coexists on the
same level with local connection.
 Netizens Rights
• Universal access at no or low cost.
• Freedom of Electronic Expression to
promote the exchange of knowledge
without fear of reprisal.
• Uncensored Expression.
• Access to Broad Distribution.
• No Official Spokesperson.
• Universal & Equal access to knowledge &
information.
• No limitation to access to read, to post &
to otherwise contribute.
• Uphold the public grassroots purpose and
participation.
• Volunteer Contribution.
• Protection of the public purpose from those
who would use it for their private and
money making purpose.
 Computer towards human
communication
• Communication is defined as an interactive
process.
• Response times – short – free & easy
conversations.
• Larger networks would form out smaller regional
networks.
• Communities would form out of affinity and
common interests.
 POLITICAL POWER
• The Net reintroduces the basic idea of
democracy as the grassroots people power
of Netizens.
• The goverments can no longer easily keep
information from their people.
• Freedom of Communications without
limits, fears or apprehension.
 The increasing
commercialization and
privitization of the Net, Netizens
is being Challenged
 Conclusion
• The Net provides us a powerful means
for peaceful assembly. This allows for us
to take control over our lives, rather than
that control being in the hands of others.
• Society will improve if Net access is made
available to people as whole (universal
access).
 THE NET IS
NOT A SERVICE,
IT IS A RIGHT
“The information age that is upon us
holds out the promise of a new world
of shared prosperity, a global
renaissance. At the same time, it also
holds out the danger of economic
exploitation, societal devasation and
new era of imperialism and
colonialism.”

Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamed

Thank You