16 TENSES, EXPLAIN IT, GIVE THE FORMULATE AND THE EXAMPLES
No Tenses
1 Simple present tense
2 Present continuous tense
3 Present perfect tense
4 Present prefect
continuous tense
Explain Formulate Example
Stating a habit (habitual action) S + V1 + es/s + He is so handsome
or activities that occur over Object I writes letter for my mom now
and over - again and again and
again. Stating a general truth.
To declare an ongoing activity S + to be (am, is, I am studying English now
(now) or around the time of the are) + V-1ing
conversation (around the time
speaking)
To declare an act, events that s + have/has + Winny has eaten lunch.
happened in the past and still V3 + Object Ketut has not eaten lunch
nothing to do with present or
to show an event that
completed in a short time (just
finished)
to declare an activity that s + have/has + Jack has been staying in hospital since
started in the past and is still been + V – ing his accident
ongoing and there may still be Jack has not been staying in hospital.
ongoing
16 TENSES, EXPLAIN IT, GIVE THE FORMULATE AND THE EXAMPLES
No Tenses
5 Simple Past tense
6 Past continuous tense
7 Past perfect tense
8 Past prefect continuous
tense
Explain Formulate Example
To express an activity that  s + V2 + Object My father went to Spain last year.
occurs at a point in the My mother did not go to Spain
past.
To express an ongoing activity s + was/were + I was reading book when father watched
in the past when other V – ing TV.
activities occur / interrupt. I was not eating when my mother ate
lunch.
To declare an act that is s + had + v3 Rina had eaten when we called at to her
completed events done in the house.
past or explain an events which Tina had not come when I called her.
first occurred between the two
in question.
To declare an act or event that s + had + been They had been singing when we studied
has been started in the past and + V – ing dancing.
is still going on in the past They had not been eating when we ate
also. lunch.
16 TENSES, EXPLAIN IT, GIVE THE FORMULATE AND THE EXAMPLES

No Tenses Explain Formulate Example

9 Simple Future tense To declare an act or event that s + shall/will + I will go to Surabaya tomorrow.
will be done at the time will V1 My mother shall not follow me.
come.
10 Future continuous tense to declare an act or event that s + shall/will + I will be studying if Winny come to
will be taking place at a time be + v – ing night.
will come. My young brother shall not be sleeping
if my mother isn’t there.
11 Future perfect tense To declare an act or event that s + shall/will + Tom and Tim will have finished their
already started in the past and have + V3 work by Monday.
soon to be completed in time Tom and Tim will not have finished their
dating. work by Sunday.
12 Future prefect continuous To declare an act or event that s + shall/will + My father shall have been working in
tense already exist in the past but it have + been + V the office for five years by the end of the
is still possible to dillanjutkan – ing year.
at the time will come. My mother shall not have been cooking
16 TENSES, EXPLAIN IT, GIVE THE FORMULATE AND THE EXAMPLES

No Tenses Explain Formulate Example

13 Past Future tense To declare an act or event that s+ My parent would give me a new book
will come done in the past. should/would + the week before.
V1 They would not give me a new book the
next day.
14 Past continuous tense To declare an act or event that s+ We would be meeting here at five
will be taking place the past. should/would + yesterday.
be + V – ing We would not be meeting here at four
yesterday.
15 Past Future perfect tense To declare an act of events that s+ You would have been success if you had
will come already in the past should/would + worked hard.
supposition that can not have + V3 You would not have been success if you
happen because it is definitely had not worked hard.
not fulfilled.
16 Past Future prefect To declare an act of events that s+ My brother should have been working
continuous tense will already be in progress at should/would + there for two years by the end of this
the past. have + been + V year.
– ing My sister should not have been working
there.
Numeral Adjectives are those adjectives which are used to denote the number of nouns or the order in which
they stand
1. Definite Numeral Adjectives  The word definite itself tells us that these adjectives tell us the exact
number of people or things
example ? One, two, three, firs, second

2. Distributive Numeral Adjective Indefinite numeral Adjectives unlike Definite Numeral Adjectives
only give tentative numeral idea of nouns. They do not give us exact number
Distributive Numeral Adjectives are:
Each, every, either, neither
Examples:
Everything he said is true.
Each student is responsible for littering classroom.
Either of the ways is correct.

3. Confusion with Quantitative Adjectives

The same word can be used as a quantitative adjective or a numeral adjective based on whether the object
following the adjective is countable or not.
Adjectives of Quantity Adjectives of Number
He did not drink any milk. He did not eat any chocolates.
Some students in this class are very
I drank some milk.
hardworking.