BAHUBALI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

SHRAVANABELAGOLA-573135
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PARTIAL UTILIZATION OF REDMUD AND
COCUNUT SHELL IN CEMENT
CONCRETE
PRESENTED BY

PAVAN S R (4BB16CV023)
SACHIN PAYAPRAPP (4BB16CV037)
NIKHITH C K (4BB17CV011)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
HARINI K S (4BB18CV404) C R SHIVAKUMAR
ASST .PROFESSOR
Department of civil Engineering
 CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION
• OBJECTIVES & SCOPE
• LITERATURE SURVEY
• METHODOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL
PROCEDURE
• EXPECTED OUTCOME
• REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION

REDMUD
• Redmud is a waste generated during the production of aluminium.
• Bauxite plant produces 1 to 2 times as much as redmud alumina.
• Redmud is composed of mixture of solid & metallic oxides.
• The red colour arises from iron oxides (60% of mass of redmud.)
• pH ranging from 10 to 13.
• In order to reduce the usage of conventional materials like cement , some experiment are done for finding out
compressive strength of cement by replacing cement with redmud
• As part of development , use of cement in buildings, many other civil engineering structures is taking place.
COCONUT SHELL
• Nowadays , the prices of building materials are rising day by day the coarse aggregates are the main ingredients of concrete.
• Mainly selection of new material in todays construction due to resource constraint & cost-cutting measures thus , resulting in the selection
of materials don’t have any value in the current market
OBJECTIVES

• To find an economical solution for high cost construction material .

• To prepare light weight concrete by using coconut shell as a coarse aggregate.
• It as advantage of high lignin content in redmud makes the composites more weather resistance.
 SCOPE

REDMUD
• With the addition of the portland cement along with redmud , it attens high strength.
• Resistant to corrosion.
• Due to its higher strength can be used as a new material for road & air field bases, dumps, foundation etc..,
• High leaching resistance.
• To reduce the cost of construction.
• Utilization of redmud is established in brick manufacturing, partial cement refilling, in concrete industry & stabilization process.
COCONUT SHELL

• To find economical solution for high cost construction material.

• To prepare light weight concrete by using coconut shell as coarse aggregate.
• Decrease the cost of concrete.
• Decrease the need of cement.
• It was very feasibility in agriculture area.
• It increase the initial setting time which is useful for site work.
• It make the concrete plastic limit increase.
• It increase the durability of concrete.
 LITERATURE SURVEY

• A. B. Sawant :- et al studied significance of red mud over Portland cement by partial replacement of cement up to
certain extent.

• Prasad n bishetti :- et al studied about Red Mud is a waste generated by the aluminium industry (an average
of 3million tons per year) in a Bayer’s process and its disposal is a major problem for these industries as this is
highly caustic and causes ground water contamination, leading to health hazards. By taking cementatious behavior
of the red mud into account, an experiment was carried out to partially replace the cement by red mud in concrete
for different percentages and also its effects on the strength and other properties of the concrete.

• Kusum Deelwal :- et al studied the characteristic properties of Red Mud and possible use as a
geotechnical material. Basics properties like Specific gravity, Particle size distribution, Atter Berg’s limit, OMC
and MDD are determined.
• Freire:- et al carried out the investigation on egg shell waste and found out its use in a ceramic wall tile paste.
Based on the presence of CaCO3 in egg shell it can be used as a alternative raw material in the production of wall
tile materials they also found that egg shell can be used as an excellent alternative for material reuse and waste
recycling practices.

• Lau yih bling :-conducted the investigation in egg albumen and reported that foamed concrete were prepared
by egg albumen which has reduce the cost and time of project. 1 per cent and 5 per cent egg albumen were used.
From the investigation it is concluded that 5 per cent of EAFC consists of unstable compressive strength and higher
flexural strength with increase density when compared with control foamed concrete which was 64 per cent and 35
per cent. In this study it is proved that Egg Albumen Foamed Concrete (EAFC) can produce light weight concrete
which is more environment friendly and improved properties.

• Amu :-et al carried out the experiment and stated that common salt with egg shell on lateritic soil obtaining a
good compliment for egg shell as a useful stabilizer for road works. Stabilization obtained by adding 2-10 per cent
of common salt with optimum egg shell powder. The result showed that the addition of common salt improved the
compaction and CBR characteristics of egg shell stabilized soils.
 METHDOLOGY

LITERATURE SURVEY MATERIAL COLLECTION MATERIALTESTING

TESTING OF CASTING& CURING OF MIX PROPORTIONING

RESULT & DISCUSSION SPECIMEN SPECIMEN

SPECFIC GRAVITY TEST

ALUMINA WASTE
REDMUD
(Reference by google)
COCONUT SHELL
(Reference by google)
 EXPECTED OUTCOME

REDMUD
• In the present work , all the tests are worked on the redmud after the these tests it is concluded with redmud & fly ash both can be used as
geotechnical for various purpose
• In the future one can also work with the redmud by stabilizing by adding sodium silicate lime & gypsum
 REFERENCES

• Adeyemi AY.,(1998) ,“ An investigation into the suitability of coconut shells as aggregates in concrete production”
,Journal of Environment, Design and Management.
• J. P. Ries, J. Speck, (2010), “Lightweight Aggregate Optimizes the Sustainability of Concrete”, Concrete
Sustainability Conference, National Ready Mixed Concrete Association.
• Gunasekaran K, Kumar PS, (2008),“Developing lightweight concrete using Agricultural and Industrial Solid
Wastes”, Proceedings of Innovative World of Concrete’08, 4th International Conference & Exhibition + ICI Silver
Jubilee celebration
• R. K. Paramguru, P. C. Rath, and V. N. Misra, ―Trends in red mud utilization - a review,‖ MineralProcessing &
Extractive Metallurgy Review, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 1–29, 2005.
• Amritphale .S.S, Avneesh Anshul, Navin Chandra, Ramakrishnan. N, (2006), ―A novel process for making
radiopaque materials using bauxite—Red mud‖, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 27 (2007) pages
1945– 1951.
• Senff .L, Hotza. D, Labrincha. J.A (2010) ―Effect of red mud addition on the rheological behaviour and on
hardened state characteristics of cement mortars‖, Civil Engineering Dimension, Vol. 12, No. 1, March 2010,
1822.
• Na Zhang, Xiaoming Liu, Henghu Sun, Longtu Li (2011),―Pozzolanic behaviour of compound-activated
red mudcoal gangue mixture‖, Cement and Concrete ResearchVolume 41, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 270-278.
• Maneesh Singh, Upadhayay S.N , Prasad P.M (1997) , ―Preparation of iron rich cements using red mud‖,
Cement
and Concrete Research,
THANK
YOU