Presented By

Sneha Jose
1B.Ed. English
 ADOLESCENCE
• Adolescence comes from the Latin word adolescere, which means “to ripen” or “ to grow up.”

• The transitional stage of physical and psychological human development that generally occurs
during the period from puberty to legal adulthood.

• The World Health Organization (WHO) defines an adolescent as any person between the ages
10 and19.

• The duration and experiences of adolescence vary greatly across the cultural spectrum.

• Adolescents experience rapid physical, cognitive and psychosocial growth which affects how
they feel, think, make decisions, and interact with the world around them. 
• The five leading characteristics of adolescence are biological growth and development, an
undefined status, increased decision making, increased pressures, and the search for self.

• Portraying adolescents as rebellious, distracted, thoughtless, and daring are not without
precedent.

• Young persons experience numerous physical and social changes, often making it difficult for
them to know how to behave.

• With little power and little control over their lives, teens often feel that they have marginal
status and therefore may be driven to seek the respect that they feel they lack.

• Without clear roles, adolescents may establish their own pecking order and spend their time
pursuing irresponsible or deviant activities. 
A GLIMPSE INTO THE TEENAGE WORLD
Teenagers face real concerns on a daily basis as this is the
most awkward growth stage of their lives. During this time,
teens are exposed to some overwhelming external and
internal struggles. They go through, and are expected to
cope with hormonal changes, puberty, social and parental
forces, work and school pressures, and so on. Many teens
feel misunderstood. It is vital that their feelings and thoughts
are validated and that the validation comes from their
parents. Parents need to approach their children, who have
been dealing with teenage growth issues, carefully and in a
friendly manner to discuss the concern.
ADOLESCENT PROBLEMS
• The need of adolescents is really different from earlier stages of life cycle.
• If the need of adolescents are not properly gratified the adolescent becomes a problem
youth.
• Due to innumerable biological and emotional stresses adolescents face various problems
related to their day to day life.
• Problems of adolescents are either due to himself or herself or due to the conditions of the
society in which he or she lives.
• This problems deeply affect their field of study.
• The common adolescent problems they face today are usually related to: Self-Esteem and
Body Image
• All of these common teenage problems are connected to one another in some way.
COMMON ADOLESCENT PROBLEMS
• There are other serious problems faced by adolescents like drug addiction, smoking, truancy,
alcoholism, sexual obsessions etc.
• Sometimes parents in majority of the cases are responsible for the problems like imposing
restriction on their freedom.
• Misunderstanding between parents and adolescents at home, treating adolescent as a small
child and not providing facilities when she/he is in need, etc., are the causes of adjustment
problems of adolescents.
• The specific problems related to education are dislike for study, fear of failure, restlessness in
class, low grade in the examination, fear of speaking in the class, too much work, dislike for
school, partial behavior of teachers on the basis of caste, creed and religion.
• All these situations frustrates the mental state of the adolescents.
S TR ESS
• Stress is a feeling of emotional or physical
tension.
• It can come from any event or thought that
makes you feel frustrated, angry, or
nervous.
• About how your brain and body respond to
a challenge or demand. 
• Stress is a many faceted process that
occurs in reaction to events or situations in
our environment termed stressors.
• A particular person may react quite
differently to the same stressor at different
points of time.
• Everyone gets stressed from time to time.
• Not all stress is bad.
• In fact, at some point of time, it can help you
survive in a dangerous situation. 
• There are different types of stress - short-term
or long-term - caused by something that
happens once or something that keeps
happening.
• In short bursts, stress can be positive, such as
when it helps you avoid danger or meet a
deadline.
• When stress lasts for a long time, it may harm
your health.
 ACUTE STRESS
• The word 'acute' means the symptoms develop quickly but do not usually last long.

• Acute stress is short-term stress.

• You feel it when you have a fight with your partner, criticism from your boss or someone
breaking into your house when you aren’t there, etc.

• An acute stress reaction occurs when symptoms develop due to a particularly stressful event.

• The events are usually very severe and an acute stress reaction typically occurs after an
unexpected life crisis.

• It also occurs when you do something new or exciting.

• All people have acute stress at one time or another.

• It helps you manage dangerous
situations.

• Your blood pressure, heart rate,

breathing rate and levels of muscle
tension may skyrocket for a short while.
If you’re young (and/or) healthy and in
good shape, these markers of stress
quickly return back to their normal
levels.

• We’re designed to recover quickly from

short-term stress.
 EPISODIC STRESS
• Episodic acute stress occurs when someone gets frequent bouts of acute stress.

• People with this kind of stress will often times take on more responsibilities and projects than
they can handle.

• They may seem like they're constantly in a rush, always running late, and are disorganized.

The Symptoms of Episodic Acute Stress Disorder

• Uncontrolled anger and irritability.
• Tightness and pain in the muscles.
• Rapid heart rate.
• Heartburn.
• Digestive problems.
• Frequent panic attacks.
 CHRONIC STRESS
• Chronic stress is defined as “long-term” stress, that goes on for weeks or months

• Stress that stems from working in a toxic environment every day, fighting with your spouse
constantly, if you have money problems, an unhappy marriage, or trouble at work.

• This type of stress that seems never-ending and can negatively impact your health.

• The body isn’t so good at handling chronic stress, however, over time, chronic stress gradually
increases your resting heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate and levels of muscle tension so
the body now has to work even harder when it’s at rest to keep you functioning normally.

• In other words, chronic stress creates a new normal inside your body. And this new normal can
eventually lead to a host of health problems, including high blood pressure, heart disease,
chronic pain and depression.
 • Chronic stress can lead to physical ailments. The physical symptoms of chronic stress can
deteriorate the body.

• Untreated chronic stress disorder increases one’s risk for : Obesity, Heart disease , Depression,
Digestive disorder, Anxiety disorders, Memory loss

• Those with chronic stress disorder can experience

heightened levels of adrenaline and cortisol, which
can cause health problems in high doses. Individuals
with chronic stress may also have insomnia, panic
attacks and other anxiety disorders.
 The Symptoms of Chronic Stress
• Insomnia
• Faulty concentration
• Feeling helpless or without hope
• Chronic headaches
• Digestive issues
• Feeling that you are experiencing a loss of control
• Moodiness and irritability
• Low self-esteem

• If you’re dealing with chronic stress, try improving your coping skills with exercise, meditation,
yoga or even a simple relaxation technique like deep breathing. If you can set aside a certain amount
of time each day (start small) for one or more of these activities, you’ll find that you’ll get better and
better at handling stress.
 SIGNS OF TOO MUCH STRESS
Stress can cause many types of physical and emotional symptoms. You may not realize these
symptoms are caused by stress. Here are some signs that stress may be affecting you:
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Forgetfulness
• Frequent aches and pains
• Headaches
• Lack of energy or focus
• Tiredness
• Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much
• Upset stomach
• Use of alcohol or drugs to relax
• Weight loss or gain
 STRESS AND YOUR BODY
• Your body reacts to stress by releasing hormones, making your brain more alert, cause your muscles to
tense, and increase your pulse. In the short term, these reactions are good as they can handle the situation
causing stress. This is your body's way of protecting itself.

• When you have chronic stress, your body stays alert, even though there is no danger. Over time, this puts
you at risk for health problems, including:

 High blood pressure

 Heart disease

 Diabetes

 Obesity

 Depression or anxiety

 Skin problems, such as acne or eczema

 Menstrual problems
 CAUSES
The causes of stress are different for each person. You can have stress from good challenges and
as well as bad ones. Some common sources of stress include:
• Getting married or divorced
• Starting a new job
• The death of a spouse or close family member
• Retiring
• Money problems
• Moving
• Having a serious illness
• Problems at work
• Problems at home
• Academic problems
 STRESS MANAGEMENT
Stress management involves controlling and reducing the tension that occurs in stressful
situations by making emotional and physical changes. It starts with identifying the sources of
stress in one’s life. Offer reassurance , encouragement and support. Be patient and let the
adolescent know you ‘re available if he/she needs you. The following are some of the ways :
• Be available to listen
• Take them(adolescents) seriously
• Encourage them to talk
• Ask open ended questions like such as: Of what are you afraid ?
• Teach them coping strategies
• Teach them how to manage emotions
• Encourage them to find activities that are stress relievers
HUMOUR THERAPY
 TECHNIQUES FOR MANAGING
STRESS
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A popular intervention for stress . As a talking therapy, CBT allows the person(patient) to narrate
their experience with stress. Through this process they learn to spot the triggers of stress and can
then develop effective coping mechanisms.

• Lifestyle Changes for Stress Management

Sometimes, the way we live exacerbates stress. In these scenarios, the person can benefit from
making lifestyle changes. Anything from getting exercise to improving sleep can ameliorate the
effects of stress in our lives.
• Medication 

In some cases, a mental health professional may recommend that the person receive
medication for the treatment and management of stress. Mental health professionals only
prescribe medications when the benefits outweigh the risks for the patient.

• Guidance and counseling

A very important services to be provided to the adolescents by the family as well as by the
school and college authorities. It is great importance for the school students, who face lot of
problems. Guidance and counseling helps in understanding the physical, mental, emotional
and attitudinal handicaps of students in relation to their opportunities, plans and
adjustments.
 WHEN TO CONTACT A MEDICAL
PROFESSIONAL
• Call a suicide hotline if you have thoughts of suicide.
• Call your health care provider if you feel overwhelmed by stress, or if it is affecting your health.
• Also call your provider if you notice new or unusual symptoms.
• You have feelings of panic, such as dizziness, rapid breathing, or a racing heartbeat.
• You are unable to work or function at home or at your job.
• You have fears that you cannot control.
• You are having memories of a traumatic event.
Your provider may refer you to a mental health care provider. You can talk to this professional
about your feelings, what seems to make your stress better or worse, and why you think you are
having this problem. You may also work on developing ways to reduce stress in your life.
IT’S TIME TO
RELEASE
YOURSELF
FROM BEING A
STRESSFUL
PERSON TO BE A
CHEERFUL
PERSON
SLIDE TITE