CH EMISTRY PROJECT REPORT

“ T O STUDY D I F F U S I O N OF
S O L I D S I N GASES”

S U B M I T T E D TO : s u s h m a
Kumari
S U B M I T T E D B Y: S i d d h a r t h
ROLL N O : - 31
CLASS: - 1 2 - A
SCHOOL: - kV no.1
 Acknowledqement

First of all, I would like to express m y heartfelt

g r a t it u d e and dedicate this t o m y teachers and t h a n k
t h e m for their faith in m e . I would like to express this
gratitude especially towards all m y chemistry teacher ’s
including Meena Ma’am and Mohini Ma’am for their
guidance, support and encouragement. I would also
like t o extend m y thanks t o Monika Ma’am for her
motivation and help in the completion of this project.
Without t h e m this project would not have seen the light
of day.

Siddharth XII
AIM
 CONTENTES

•
Introduction
•
Objective
•
Experiment -1
•
Experiment -2
•
Experiment -3
•
ReSult
•
Biblioqraphy
 INTRODUCITON

When substances are brought in contact wi th each

other, they intermingle with each other. This phenomenon
is known as diffusion. Diffusion takes place very rapidly in
case of gases, to a lesser extent in case of li#uids and not
at all in the case of solids. However, diffusion of solids in
li#uids does take place, albeit at a very slow

I f a solid is ke p t in contact w i t h excess of solvent in

which it is soluble, some portion of the solid gets
dissolved. This process is known as dissolution of a solid in
li#uid, and i t takes place due t o the diffusion of solid
particles into li#uid medium.

Molecules of solute are in constant random motion due

to the collision between molecules of solute and t h a t of
the solvent. I t is this physical interaction between solute-
solvent particles that lead to diffusion.
DiffuSion

Hiqh Concentration L o w Concentration

 OBJECTIVE

To demonstrate that rate of diffusion depends upon the

following factors:

Temperature: As temperature increases, the kinetic

energy of the particles increases. Thus, the speed of
particles also increase, which in t u r n increases the rate of
diffusion.

( i ) e of the particle: As the si)e of particle increases, rate

of diffusion decreases. This is because the particles
become less mobile in the solvent.

Mass of the particle: As the mass of the particle increases,

th e rate of diffusion decreases* as th e particle becomes
less mobile.
 EXPERI MENT - 1
To Study diffuSion when copper iS brouqht in
Sulphate contact with water (liquid).
RequirementS
Copper Sulphate (CuSO 4 ) cryStalS, 100 n L beaker
Procedure
•
Take about t w o qr an S of copper Sylphate cryStalS in
100 n l beaker.
•
Add about 50 n l of water and allow it to Stand for few
n i nut eS.
•
Note the develop nen t of blue colour in water.
•
Allow to Stand further till it iS obServed that all copper
Sulphate diSappearS.
•
Note the blue colour chanqe in water.
Co n cl u S io n
When SolidS Such copperSulphate are brouqht
aS contact with Such aS in
SubStanceS, water,
i.e. diffuSion
liquidS takeS palce. intern inqlin q
of
 EXPERIMENT - 2
To study the effect of temperature the rate of
on diffusion of solids in li#uids.
RequirementS
Copper sulphate +Cu( O4 ) crystals, three 011 m l beakers,
watch glass, wire gauge, burner tripod stand,
thermometer, stop watch.
Procedure
•
Take five gram of copper sulphate each in
three beakers.
•
5 o u r 0 11 m l of distilled w a t e r slo wl y in one of th e
beakers. Cover this beaker with a watch glass.
•
5our 011 ml of cold water in a second beaker slowly.
•
5lace a third beaker containing 011 m l of water on a
tripod stand for heating.
•
Observe the diffusion process which begins in all the
beakers. 6ecord of copper sulphate the time taken for
the dissolution of copper sulphate in all the three
cases.
 E XPERI M ENT - 3
To study the effect of temperature on the rate
of diffusion of solids in li#uids.
RequirementS
7 ra d u a te d 0 11 m l measuring cylinders copper sulphate
+Cu( O4 ) crystals of different si)es, stop watch.
Procedure
8 Add 31 m l of water to each of the three cylinders.
8 Take five gram each ofbig si)e, me di um si)e,
small
si)e crystals of copper sulpahte, and add
them separately in three cylinders.
ObServationS
(.4o. Crystal si)e Time Taken to
Duffuse
0 9ig 09 Minutes
; Medium 0< Minutes
< (mall 3 minutes

C o n cl u S i o n
The rate of diffusion of copper sulphate in water is in the
order as given below:

9eaker< = 9eaker ; = 9eaker 0

Thus, ( m a l l e r particles undergo diffusion more
#uickly than bigger particles.

OBSERVAT IO NS
S.No. Tenperature of Water Tin e Taken to
DuffuSe
1 10 0 C 18 MinuteS
2 25 0 C 15 MinuteS
3 70 0 C 7 ninuteS

ConcluSion
The rate of diffuSion of copper Sulphat in w a te r iS in
the order aS qiven below:

Beaker3 > Beaker 2 > Beaker 1

ThuS, S n a l l e r particleS underqo diffuSion n o r e

quickly than biqqer particleS.
 RESULT

When SolidS Such aS copper Sulphate are br o uq h t

in contact w ith liquidS Such aS water, in t e r n in q lin q
of SubStanceS, i.e. DiffuSion takeS Place.

The rate of diffuSion varieS directly with

tenperature.

S n a l l particleS underqo diffuSion n o r e quickly than

biqqer particleS.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Chen i St r y (Part I ) Textbook for ClaSS X I I , National

Council Educational ReSearch and Traininq

ConceptS of PhySicS 2 by H C Ve r n a ; Bharti Bhawan

(PubliSherS & DiStributorS)

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