THE FIBONACCI

SEQUENCE

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What is a Fibonacci
Sequence?
The Fibonacci Sequence is the
series of numbers: 0, 1, 1, 2, Fibonacci in his book
3,5, 8, 13, 21, 34, Liber Abaci investigated a
how fast rabbits could
The next number is found by
adding up the two numbers
multiply in an ideal
before it [1] . Fibonacci surrounding. He noticed a
numbers were discovered by pattern as shown in the
Leonardo Pisano Bigollo or illustration on the next
Fibonacci which translates to page.
"filius Bonacci" meaning
"son of Bonaccio
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 Rabbits can mate at the age of one month so that at the end of
its second month a female can produce another pair of rabbits.
Suppose that our rabbits never die, and that the female always
produces one new pair (one male, one female) every month from
the second month on. The puzzle that Fibonacci posed was... How
many pairs will there be in one year?
Fibonacci generated a rule to solve this problem, for example
there are Xn pairs of rabbits after n months. The number of pairs in
month n+1 will be Xn (in this problem, rabbits never die) plus the
number of new pairs born. But new pairs are only born to pairs at
least 1 month old, so there will be Xn-1 new pairs. So, we have:
Xn+1 = Xn + Xn-1
which is simply the rule for generating the Fibonacci numbers: add
the last two to get the next. Following this through you will find
that after 12 months (or 1 year), there will be 233 pairs of rabbits
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The Fibonacci numbers is also seen in the
number of spirals in sunflower seeds. The
number of counterclockwise and clockwise
spirals are consecutive Fibonacci numbers.
Moreover, the number of branches of a tree
are Fibonacci numbers.

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Now, we will define the Fibonacci sequence using the
recursive definition. The nth Fibonacci number, denoted
by 𝐹𝑛 is computed as follows: 𝐹𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛−1 + 𝐹𝑛−2 for 𝑛 > 3
and 𝐹1 = 1 and 𝐹2 = 1

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 The Golden Ratio

This ratio gives us rectangles we call the

“Golden Rectangle” because they are said to
be the most beautiful rectangles to look at.
The ratio is called the Golden Ratio.

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The golden ratio that is
also found in Fibonacci
sequence is useful
when applied to arts
and design because of
its harmony and
proportion that is also
visible to nature.

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This harmony and proportion has been
recognized for thousands of centuries:
from the Pyramids in Giza to the
Parthenon in Athens; from
Michelangelo’s The Creation of Adam
on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel to
Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa; and from the
Pepsi logo to the definition of Golden
Ratio. In fact, our brains are seemingly
hard- wired to prefer objects and
images that use the Golden Ratio. It’s
almost a subconscious attraction and
even tiny tweaks that make an image
truer to the Golden Ratio have a large
impact on our brains.
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THE END!

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NATURE
OF MATH

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 What is Math?
Nocon & Nocon (2016) as cited in Piramide (2018) defined
mathematics as a set of problem-solving tools, a language, a
process of thinking, a study of patterns, and an art. Mathematics
involves the study of numbers and arithmetic operations. It is
also a set of tools that can be used to answer questions
involving quantities. Moreover, mathematics is a science that
involves logical reasoning, drawing conclusions from assumed
premises and strategic reasoning based on accepted rules, laws
and probabilities. It is an art which studies different kinds and
patterns. Lastly, it is a specialized language that deals with
form, size and quantity. 14
 What is it Where is
about? Math?
⊹ Mathematics is about
⊹ Mathematics is found
numbers, symbols, and
notations. We basically everywhere. We see
associate numbers with hints of it in nature, in
mathematics. More than our daily routine, in our
that, math is also about work, in people and
operations, equations and
communities and in
functions. It about process
and “thingification” of events (Piramide,
processes. It is about 2018).
writing proofs that tells a
convincing story rather than
a sequence of statements
(Piramide,2018). 15
 What is it for?
⊹ Mathematics helps us put
order in disorder. Also, it
helps us in making decisions
wisely. It helps us become
better person and it makes
the world a better place to
live in (Piramide, 2018).
Who uses Math?
⊹ Everyone uses math.
But different people use
different mathematics
at different times for
different purposes using
different tools with
different attitudes
(Piramide, 2018).
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 application of
mathematics in s
in the World
(Sirug, 2018)
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1. Forensic Science
In this field, mathematics is applied specifically the
differential and integral calculus to clarity the blurred
image to clear image.

2. Medicine
In this field, much of a function of a protein is
determined by its shape and how the pieces move. Many
drugs are designed to change the shape or motions of a
protein by modelling using geometry and related areas.

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3. Fluid Dynamics
In this field, engineers use numerical analysis in phenomena involving
heat, electricity, and magnetism, relativistic mechanics, quantum mechanics,
and other theoretical constructs.

4. Information Technology
In this field, modern computers are invented thru the help of mathematics.
An important area of applications of mathematics is in the development of
formal mathematical theories related to the development of computer science.
Computer science development includes logic, relations, functions, basic set
theory, counting techniques, graph theory, combinatorics, discrete probability,
recurrence relations, and number theory, computer- oriented numerical analysis,
Operation Research techniques (Simulation, Monte Carlo Program, Evaluation
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Research Technique, Critical Path Method).
5. Cryptography
It is a combination of both mathematics and computer science and is
affiliated closely with information theory, computer security and
engineering. It is used in applications present in technologically
advanced societies; examples include the security of ATM cards,
computer passwords and electronic commerce.

6. Archaeology
In this field, archeologists use a variety of mathematical and
statistical techniques to present the data from archeological surveys and
try to find patterns to shed light on past human behavior and in carbon
dating artifacts.
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7. Social Sciences
This field, such as economics, sociology, psychology, and
linguistics all now make extensive use of mathematical models, using the
tools of calculus, probability, game theory, and network theory. In
economics, mathematics such as matrices, probability and statistics are
used. The models may be stochastic, linear or non-linear, static or
dynamic, continuous or discrete, and all types of algebraic, differential,
difference and integral equations arise for the solution of these models.

8. Political Science
In this area, political analysts study past election results to see
changes in voting patterns and the influence of various factors on voting
behavior, on switching of votes among political parties and mathematical
models for Conflict Resolution using Game Theory and Statistics.
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9. Music and Arts
Here, the rhythm that we find in all music notes is the result of
innumerable permutations and combinations. Music theorists
understand musical structure and communicate new ways of hearing
music by applying set theory, abstract algebra, and number theory. It is
said that the universe is written in the language of mathematics, and its
characters are triangles, circles, and other geometric figures. New
forms of arts were also based in some mathematical structures. The
old Gothic Architecture was based on geometry and even the Egyptian
Pyramids architecture and engineering, were based on mathematics.

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END OF
SLIDE
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