RASA

• ETYMOLOGICAL DERIVATION
• DEFINITION
• MEANING OF ‘RASA’ IN VARIOUS CONTEXTS
• SHAD RASA
• PANCHABHAUTIK CONSTITUTION OF RASAS
• NIRVRITTI VISHESH KARMA
• RITU AND SHAD RASA
• RASA-ANURASA BHEDA
• LAKSHANA,GUNA & KARMA OF SHADA RASAS
• KOPANA & SHAMANA OF DOSHA & DUSHYA BY SHAD RASAS.
• EFFECT OF EXCESS USAGE OF RASA.
• RASOPALABDHI
• RASA -SKANDHA
 VYUTPATTI(ETYMOLOGY)

• jl~ धातु + अच् प्रत्यय

• स्वाद,जायका,वक्ष
ृ ों से निकलने वाला तरलपदार्थ,सार,प्रेम,
प्रीति आदिA
 NIRUKTII(DERIVATION)
• IN AYURVEDA RASA WORD IS USED IN DIFFERENT TERMS
THEREFORE MANY OF DERIVATIONS ARE THERE.
• MAINLY FOUR DERIVATIONS.
1. ACC.TO PHYSIOLOGY-
*jlfr vgjgxZPNrhfr jl%*A
2. ACC. TO BHAISHAJAYA KALPANA
^;U=kn~ fu’ihfMrkn~ nzO;kn~ jl%Lojl mP;rs^A
3. ACC.TO RASA SHASTRA
*jlfr Hk{k;fr lOkkZu~ yksgku~ bfr jl%^A
4. ACC.TO DRAVYA GUNA
*jL;rs vkLok|rs jlusu bfr jl%^A
 DEFINITION
^jlukFkksZ jl%^A ¼pÛlwÛ1@64½
• jlusfUnz; ¼jlUkk½ ds }kjk xzkgk
fo’k; dks jl dgrs gSA
• *jL;rs vkLok|rs jlusu bfr jl%^A
¼pdzikf.k½
• ftldk jl fy;k tkrk gS vFkok vkLoknu fd;k tkrk gS]
^jl^ dgykrk gSA
 MEANING OF RASA IN VARIOUS
CONTEXTS/CHARACTERISTICS
• ACC . TO ACH.CHARAK-

^jlukFkksZ jlLrL; nzO;eki% f{kfrLrFkkA

fuOk`rkS p fOk”ks’ks p izR;;k% [kknL=;
%AA^¼pÛlwÛ1@64½
• ACC. TO ACH. CHAKRAPAANI –

*jL;rs vkLok|rs jlusu bfr jl%^A ¼pdzikf.k½

• ACC TO KARIKAVALLI-
^jlLrq jlUkkxzkgks e/kqjkfnjusd/kkA^
• ACC TO PRASHATPAD-

^jLkks jLkukxzkgkaaA^
a
 SHADA RASA

• RASA ARE SIX IN NO.

1. MADHURA (SWEET)-GHEE,MILK
2. AMLA(SOUR)-DADHI,AMLAKI
3. LAVANA(SALT)-PANCHA LAVANA
4. KATU(PUNGENT)-PIPPALI,CHITRAKA
5. TIKTA(BITTER)-NIMBA,GUDUCHI
6. KASHAYA(ASTRINGENT)-HARITAKI,VIBHITAKI
 ‘kM~ jl fUk/kkZj.k
• pS+=jFk OkUk Eks
• 10 vkPkk;Z
• Ok.kZUk & pjd Lkw= 26
• jLk lEHkk’kk ifj’kn~
• Contd…..
g

•Hk”kkIkwfgdjkoScfM”kdkdk
• Hk&HknzdkI;
• ”kk &”kkdqURks; czkºk.k
• iw &Ikw.kkZ{k EkkSSXnY;
• fg &fgj.;k{k dkSf”kd
• d & dqekjf”kjk Hkj}kt
• jk &jktf’kZ Okk;skZfZOkn
• OkS &OkSnsg fufe
• cfM”k &cfM”k /kkekxZo
• dkdk &OkS?k dkM+~dk;u
• CONTD…
• HknzdkI;& jl&1
• jl ty ls vfHkUu
• izR;sd egkHkwr dk ,d fof”k’V xq.k
• vi~ egkHkwr & jl
• izR;sd fof”k’V xq.k ,d fof”k’V bfUnz; }kjk xzkgk gSA
• jlusfUnz; ¼jlUkk½ ds }kjk xzkgk fo’k; dks jl dgrs gSA
• vRk%jl ,d gSA
• ty vk/kkj gS ]jl vk/ks; gSA
• vk/kkj vk/ks; ,d ugh gks ldRks gSA
• ty jl dk mRiknd HkkOk gSA
• CONTD…
• ”kkdqURks; czkºk.k & 2
• Nsnuh;] mIk”kEkUkh;
• Nsnuh; &vIkrIkZ.k]y?akUk
• mIk”kEkUkh; &LkRakIkZ.kh;]Ck`ga.k
• fdz;kREkd n`f’V Lks OkXkhZdj.k
• jl ds dEkZ gSA
• Ikw.kkZ{k EkkSSXnY; & 3
• Nsnuh;] mIk”kEkUkh;]Lkk/kkj.k
• Lkk/kkj.k nksuks ds feJ.k ls cuk dEkZ gSA
• fgj.;k{k dkSf”kd & 4
• Loknq fgr
• Loknq vfgr
• vLoknq fgr
• vLoknq vfgr
• Loknq] vLoknq &:fp ds :i
• fgr] vfgr & izHkko]ifj.kke
• dqekjf”kjk Hkj}kt & 5
• Iakp egkHkwr ekus gSA
• ;g Hksn nzO;ks ds gS]jLk ds ughA
• jLk nzO;kfJr gksrk gSA
• jLk & vkJ;h] nzO;&vkJ;
• vkJ; &vkJ;h ,d ugh gksrs gSA
• vk/kkjHkwRk ?kVd gSA
• jktf’kZ Okk;skZfZOkn & 6
• Xkq:]Yk?kq]fLUkX?k]:{k]”khr]Å’.k &xq.k
• ;s nzO;kfJr xq.k gSA
• jLk fTká xzkgk xq.k gSA
• OkSnsg fufe &7
• jLk &6 vkSj {kkj
• {kkj nzO; gSA
• LOka; vUksd jLk ;qDRk gksrk gSA
• vUksd bfUnz;kFkksZ ls ;qDRk gksrk gSA
• vUksd bfUnz;ks }kjk Xkzg.k fd;k Tkkrk gSA
• cfM”k /kkekxZo &8
• jLk &6 ]{kkj vkSj vO;DRk jLk
• O;DRk] vO;DRk ;s jLk dh voLFkk,¡ gSA
• jLk TkYk]vUkqjLk] vUkqjLk;qDRknzO;ks
Eks vO;DRk voLFkk EksA
• OkS?k dkM+~dk;u &vLka[;
• vkJ;] xq.k]dEkZ vLka[; vr% jLk Hkh vLka[;
• Tkkfr dk R;kXk UkghA
PANCHABHAUTIK CONSTITUTION OF RASAS

jl EkgkHwkRk
Ek/kqj i`Foh$TkYk

vEYk i`Foh$vfXUk
¼lq &TkYk$vfXUk½
¼uk&TkYk$vfXUk½
YkOk.k TkYk$vfXUk
¼lq &i`Foh$vfXUk½
¼uk&vfXUk$TkYk½
dVq ok;q$vfXUk
frDr ok;q$vkdk”k
d’kk; ok;q$ i`Foh
 RASA-ANURASA BHEDA
RASA ANURASA
O;DRk bZ’k~n O;DRk ;k
vo;Dr
STABLE IN DRY STATE OF NOT STABLE
DRAVYA

vkfn esa O;Dr vUr Eks O;Dr

EG. KATU RASA IN MADHURA RASA IN PIPPALI
PIPPALI TIKTA IN TAKRA
AMLA IN TAKRA
 SEASONS(_rq)AND SHADA RASA
SEASON UTKARSH OF ORIGIN OF
MAHABHUT RASA
AS
SISIRA TIKTA
VAAAYU+AKASHA
VASANTA VAAYU+PRITHVI KASAYA
GRISHMA VAAYU+AGNI KATU
VARSHA PRITHVI+AGNI AMLA
SHARAD JALA+AGNI LAVANA
HEMANTA PRITHVI+JALA MADHURA
WHILE UNDERSTANDING THESE SEASON&RASAMAINLY
FOUR QUESTIONS ARISES IN COMMENTATOR’SMIND…
Q.1-WHY ONLY PREDOMINANCE(UTKARSHA)OF THESE
DUAL COMBINATIONS?
Q.2 HOW THE UTKARSHA & APKARSHA OF CONCERNED
MAHABHUTAS TAKES PLACE IN THEIR ORIGIN ?
Q.3 HOW THE PREDOMINANCE OF MAHABHUTAS MAY
BE SEEN IN OTHER SEASONS ALSO BESIDE SPECIFIED
SEASONS RESULTING IN ORIGIN OF RASAS?(INDU)
Q.4PREDOMINANCE OR SUBDUENESS OFMAHABHUTAS
TAKES PLACE DUE TO SEASON OR VICE VERSA ??
 ANSWERS
• 1.lgt vkSSj LoHkkOk
• 2&3. ._rqvks ds vuqlkj DUE TO CHANGE IN
DAY & NIGHT,INVISIBLE FACTOR(vn`”; vkSSj
vgksjk=½
• 4.chtkadqj U;k; ds dkj.k
 RASA LAKSHANA(CHARACTERISITCS)
• RASA LAKSHANA jly{k.kekLokn%
A¼j.oS.1@167½
• vkLokn&e/kqj vkfn jlks dh vuqHkwfr
gksuk A
CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS RASAS
e/kqj jl
• vEy jl%&

• Yko.k jl%&
• dVq jl%&

• frDr jl%&
• d’kk; jl%&
 PROPERTIES(GUNA)OF RASAS

jl xq.k¼pÛ½
e/kqj jl fLuX/k]”khr]Xkq:
vEy jl fLuX/k]m’.k]y?kq
Yko.k jl fLuX/k]m’.k] Xkq:

dVq jl :{k]m’.k]y?kq

frDr jl :{k] ”khr] y?kq

d’kk; jl :{k] ”khr] Xkq:

 Why Rasa have these Gunas??
RASA UTKARSH OF GUNAS
MAHABHUTAS

e/kqj jl PRITHVI+JALA fLuX/k]”khr(J)Xkq:

(P)
vEy jl PRITHVI+AGNI fLuX/k](J)m’.k]y?
JALA+AGNI(S)
kq(A)
Yko.k jl JALA+AGNI fLuX/k(P)]m’.k] (A)
PRITHVI+AGNI(S)
Xkq:(P)
dVq jl VAAYU+AGNI :{k(V)]m’.k (A)
y?kq(V)]
frDr jl VAAAYU+AKASHA :{k] ”khr] (V)] y?
kq(AA)
d’kk; jl VAAYU+PRITHVI :{k] ”khr(V)] Xkq:
• ACC TO GUNAS, RASA CAN BE DIVIDED INTO
SIX CATEGORIES.
•
jlks dh rkjrE;rk
EXCEPTIONS
KARMA (GENERAL) OF SHADA RASA
Cont.
• Same as other “Rasa karma(general)” are
mentioned.
• Ref-ch.su.26/43(1-6)
DHAATU KARMA
 MALA KARMA
• MAINLY ON THE KOSTHA GENERALLY OUT OF
THESE 6 GUNAS ONLY TWO GUNAS ARE
HELPFUL.
• ONE IS SNIGDHA GUNA ANOTHER IS RUKSHA
GUNA.
• SNIGDHA GUNA-l`’Vfo.ew=ek:r
• RUKSHA GUNA- c)fo.ew=ek:r
• SNIGDHA GUNA- e/kqj] vEy] Yko.k
• RUKSHA GUNA- dVq] frDr] d’kk;
DOSHA KARMA/SHAMAN KOPAN KARMA
• IT IS BASED ON TWO THEORIES.
• 1)ACC.TO VRIDHA VAGBHATTA- IT IS BASED ON
GUNA OF RASAS.
• 2)ACC. TO SUSHRUTA AND NAGAARJUNA- IT IS
BASED ON MAHABHUTA THEORY.
• TWO VARGA-SHAMAN AND KOPANA
• THESE TWO VARGA IS DIVIDED INTO THREE SUB
GROUPS ACC. TO DOSHA.
SOME EXCEPTIONS
EFFECT OF EXCESS USAGE OF RASA
(ATTI SEVANA JANYA VIKARA)
 Cont.
• Same as other “Rasa Atisevana Janya Vikara”
are mentioned.
• Ref-ch.su.26/43(1-6)
 TOOLS OF RASOPALABHDI
• IT IS DESCRIBED BY ACHARYA NAGAARJUNA
• izR;{krks∙uqekuknqns”kr”Pk jlkukeqiyfC/k%A
(j.ossS.lw.v.K8½
• izR;{k&jkLku izR;{k &jlks fuikrs nzO;k.kkaA¼pjd½
• vuqeku&nzO;ks ds deksZ ds vk/kkj ijA
• vkIrksIkns”k&vO;Dr o vUkqjl dk KkuA
• HkkofeJ ds vUkqlkj
• izR;{k& jl dk lkekU; KkuA
• vuqeku& jl dk fof”k’V KkuA
• vkIrksIkns”k&jl dk izk;ksfXkd KkuA
 RASA-SKANDHA
• Six types of Skandha as per rasas.
• Madhura Skandha
• Amla Skandha
• Lavana Skandha
• Katu Skandha
• Tikta Skandha
• Kashaya Skandha
• Sushruta uses ‘VARG’ term for ‘SKANDHA’.
MADHURA- SKANDHA
 Cont.
• Same as madhura skandh other skandha are
there.
• Ref-ch.vi.8/139-144