CEREALS and

STARCH
in Culinary Arts
 Objectives

At the end of the lesson you are expected to:

1. Perform mise ‘en place;
2. Prepare cereals and starch dishes;
3. Present cereals and starch dishes;
4. Store cereals and starch.
 What is a cereal?

1. Edible components of the grain of

cultivated grass.
2. Grown in greater quantities and
provide more food energy.
3. Edible grains: buckwheat, quinoa
and chia - pseudo cereals.
 What is a cereal?

1. Low in fat.
2. Low or moderate in calories.
3. High in fiber and starch.
4. Moderate in protein.
5. Full of vitamins and minerals.
What are the parts of a cereal?
What are the common cereal grains?

Rice Wheat Corn

Oats Rye Barley

What are the main nutrients found in cereals?
What are the main cereal crops?

Corn

Wheat

Rice
 What is a rice grain?
Rice is a very versatile grain
and considered as one of the
staple food. It is served in
appetizers, soups, salads,
entrées, and desserts. It has
many different types that
can be used to limitless
number of recipes.
What are the different types of rice?

Rice can be classified according to:

1. Length and Shape
2. Texture
3. Color
4. Aroma
5. Degree of Processing
 What are the different types of rice?
Type according to Length and Shape:
Long Grain Medium Grain Short Grain

Moist and tender and

Separate, light and has a greater tendency It has a sticky texture
fluffy when cooked. to stick together than when cooked.
long grain rice.
 What are the different types of rice?
Type according to Texture:
Sticky Rice Parboiled Rice

It is especially sticky and is often It is more separate grain that is

ground into rice flour. light and fluffy when cooked.
 What are the different types of rice?
Type according to Color:
Polished Rice Brown Rice

Outer husk is removed and

Rice that has shed its bran layers
retains its bran and germ layers
can also be referred to as "milled
that give it a characteristic tan
rice."
color.
 What are the different types of rice?
Type according to Color:
Forbidden Rice Wild Rice

This type of rice grain are

This rice is also known as black
harvested from the genus Zizania
rice and has a mild nutty flavor.
of grasses.
 What are the different types of rice?
Type according to Aroma:
Basmati Rice Jasmine Rice

Cooked basmati rice imparts a It is sometimes known as Thai

subtle nutty or popcorn-like fragrant rice, that has a subtle
flavor and aroma. jasmine flavor and aroma.
 What are the different types of rice?
Type according to Degree of Processing:
Brown Rice

Regular
Milled
ant Rice
rboiled
Rice
 What is a wheat?
Wheat is any of several
species of cereal grasses of
the genus Triticum (family
Poaceae) and their edible
grains. It is one of the oldest
and most important of the
cereal crops.
What are the different types of wheat?

Wheat can be classified according to:

1. Growing Season
2. Hardness (Hard/Soft)
3. Color (Red/White)
4. Shape of the Kernel
What are the different types of wheat?
Type according to Growing Season:
Winter Wheat Spring Wheat

It is generally planted at the end It is planted in early spring, as

of September through mid- soon as possible, and harvested in
October. late summer.
 What are the different types of wheat?
Type according to Hardness, Color, and Shape of Kernel:

Hard Red Winter Soft Red Winter Hard White Wheat

Hard Red Spring Durum Soft White Wheat

Blending different types of wheat for different
flours?
All-Purpose 80% hard 20% soft red
Flour red wheat wheat
hard red bleached and
Bread Flour
spring wheat enriched.
soft white only from the
Cake Flour
wheat endosperm
Blending different types of wheat for different
flours?
hard white derived from the
Pastry Flour
wheat endosperm

Self-Rising all-purpose baking powder

Flour flour and salt

Stone-Ground wheat stones

Whole Wheat
Flour berries grinding
 What is a corn?
Corn also known as Maize
is a starchy vegetable and
cereal grain that has been
eaten all over the world for
centuries. It is rich in fiber,
vitamins and minerals.
What are the different types of corn?
What are the different types of corn?
 RICE WHEAT CORN
Shape Growing Season Popping Corn
Long Grain Winter Wheat Yellow Sweet Corn
Medium Grain Spring Wheat
Short Grain
Hardness, Color, Flour Corn
Texture
and Shape
Flint Corn
Sticky & Parboiled
Hard Red Winter Pod Corn
Color Soft Red Winter
Hard Red Spring
Polished, Brown,
Durum
Forbidden, & Wild
Hard White Wheat
Aroma Soft White Wheat

Basmati & Jasmine Flour

Degree of Processing 100% & Blended
 What is a starch?
Starch, a white, granular, organic
chemical that is produced by all
green plants. Starch is a soft, white,
tasteless powder that is insoluble in
cold water, alcohol, or other
solvents.
What is amylose and amylopectin?
What is starch granules?
What are the classifications of starch?
Purified Starch
Native/Natural
Modified Starch
Starch
What are the properties of starch?

Gelatinization
Viscosity
Retrogradation
Syneresis
Dextrinization
Hydrolysis
 Properties of Starch
Gelatinization
A process of breaking down the intermolecular bonds of
starch molecules in the presence of water and heat,
allowing the hydrogen bonding sites to engage more water.
 Properties of Starch
Viscosity
The state of being
thick, sticky, and
semifluid in
consistency, due
to internal friction.
 Properties of Starch
Syneresis
The release of water
during retrogradation is
called syneresis.
 Properties of Starch
Retrogradation
A reaction that takes
place when the amylose
and amylopectin chains
in cooked, gelatinized
starch realign
themselves as the
cooked starch cools.
 Properties of Starch
Dextrinization
The process
involving the
browning of
starch foods
when subjected
to dry heat.
 Properties of Starch
Hydrolysis
Any chemical
reaction in which a
molecule of water
ruptures one or
more chemical
bonds.
T h an k
You!