CELLULAR

RESPIRATION
Genaral Biology 1
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
A set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place
in the cells of organism to convert chemical energy from
oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine
triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
GLYCOLYSIS
 The first pathway used in cellular respiration to break
down glucose, in order to extract energy.
 Consist of two parts: the first prepares the six- carbon ring
of glucose for cleavage into three- carbon sugars. The
second half of glycolysis is extract ATP molecules are
invested in the first half and four ATP molecules are
formed by substrate phosphorylation during the second
half.
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
 The process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen.
 A chemical reaction that transfer energy to cells
 Aerobic means ‘with air’ and refers to the body producing energy
with the use of oxygen.
KREBS CYCLE
 In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transformed into an
acetyl group attached to a carrier of molecule of
coenzyme.
 This is also called citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid
cycle.
 The citric acid cycle is an 8 step processing involving 18
different enzymes and co enzymes
OXIDATIVE
PHOSPHORYLATION
 It comprises the electron transport chain that establishes a proton
gradient across the boundary of the inner membrane by oxidizing
the NADH produced from the Krebs cycle.
 The electron transport chain is the last component of aerobic
respiration and is the only part of glucose metabolism that uses
atmospheric oxygen.
 There are four complexes composed of protein labeled I through IV
ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
 The final acceptor is n oxygen molecule.
 Most organism use some form of fermentation to
accomplish the regeneration of NAD+, ensuring the
continuation of glycolysis.