EG 311

(ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING FOR GEODETIC ENGINEERS)
MODULE 2

RESISTANCE
 OUTLINE
• Definitions of Resistance
• Factors That Affect the Resistance of a Material
• Resistivity of Commonly Used Conductors
• Resistance as a Function of Temperature
• Conductance
 DEFINITION OF ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE

• Resistance (also known as ohmic

resistance or electrical resistance) is
a measure of the opposition to current
flow in an electrical circuit. Resistance is
measured in ohms, symbolized by the
Greek letter omega (Ω).
• Resistance is denoted as (R)
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RESISTANCE OF A MATERIAL

• The Resistance of an object depends in large part on the material it

is made of.
• Objects made of electrical insulators like rubber tend to have very
high resistance and low conductivity.
• While objects made of electrical conductors like metals tend to
have low resistance and high conductivity
• This relationship is quantified by resistivity or conductivity
• The nature of a material is not the only factor in resistance and
conductance, it also depends on the size and shape of an object
RESISTANCE
RESISTANCE AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE

• Resistance of certain materials

changes with changing
temperature
• Materials that are classed as
Conductors tend to Increase
their resistance with increase in
temperature.
• Materials that are classed as
Insulatore tend to Decrease
their resistance with increase in
temperature.
 CONDUCTANCE
• The measure of how easily
electricity flows along a certain
path through an electrical
element
• This is the reciprocal of
resistance and is measured in
siemens (S) or mhos
• Conductance is denoted as (G)

per meter
 THE END

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