Operations

on
Functions
LESSON 3
Expectations
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Define operations on functions
2. Identify the different operations on functions
3. Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,
and composition of functions
Operations on Functions
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Division
5. Composition
Operations on Functions:
Addition
Their sum, denoted by 𝑓 + 𝑔, is the function denoted by
(𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥).
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5, 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1. What is (𝑓 +
𝑔)(𝑥)?
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5
+ 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1
𝑓(𝑥)+g(𝑥) = 3x +4
Operations on Functions:
Addition
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 2x2 − 8, 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 2. What is (𝑓
+ 𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓 + 𝑔)(2)?
𝑓(𝑥) = 2x2 − 8 (𝑓+ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 2x2 + 2x − 6
+ 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 +2 (𝑓+ 𝑔)(2) = 2(2)2 + 2(2) − 6
(𝑓+g)(𝑥) = 2x2 +2x − 6 (𝑓+ 𝑔)(2) = 8 + 4 − 6
(𝑓+ 𝑔)(2) = 6
Operations on Functions:
Addition
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 2x2 − 8, 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 2. What is (𝑓
+ 𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓 + 𝑔)(2)?

(𝑓)(𝑥) = 2x2 − 8 (𝑔)(𝑥) = 2x + 2

(𝑓)(2) = 2(2)2 − 8 (𝑔)(2) = 2(2) + 2 (𝑓+𝑔)(2) = 0+6
(𝑓)(2) = 8 − 8 (𝑔)(2) = 4 + 2 (𝑓+𝑔)(2) = 8
(𝑓)(2) = 0 (𝑔)(2) = 6
Operations on Functions:
Subtraction
Their difference, denoted by 𝑓 − 𝑔, is the function
denoted by (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥).
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5, 𝑔(𝑥) = − 2𝑥 + 1. What is (𝑓
- 𝑔)(𝑥)?
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥+5
+ 𝑔(𝑥) = − 2𝑥 −
− +1
𝑓(𝑥)+ 𝑔(𝑥) = 3x + 4
 Operations on Functions:
Subtraction
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥2 − 8, 𝑔(𝑥) = 5𝑥2 −3𝑥 + 2. What
is (𝑓−𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓−𝑔)(-2)?

𝑓(𝑥) = 2x22x2 −−8 8 (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥) =− 3x2 + 3x − 10

+
− 𝑔(𝑥) = −
5x5x
−3x
2 2
+3x
+−22 (𝑓 − 𝑔)(-2) =− 3(-2)2 + 3(-2) − 10
(𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥) = − 3x2 +3x − 10 (𝑓 − 𝑔)(-2) =−12 + −6 − 10
(𝑓 − 𝑔)(-2) = −28
Operations on Functions:
Subtraction
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥2 − 8, 𝑔(𝑥) = 5𝑥2 −3𝑥 + 2. What
is (𝑓−𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓−𝑔)(-2)?

(𝑓)(𝑥) =2x2 − 8 (𝑔)(𝑥) = 5𝑥2 −3𝑥 + 2

(𝑓)(-2) =2(-2)2 − 8 (𝑔)(-2) =5(-2)2 − 3(-2) +2
(𝑓)(-2) =8 − 8 (𝑔)(-2) =20+6+2 (𝑓- 𝑔)(-2) = 0 - 28
(𝑓)(-2) = 0 (𝑔)(-2) = 28 (𝑓- 𝑔)(-2) = -28
Operations on Functions:
Multiplication
Their product, denoted by 𝑓 • 𝑔, is the function denoted
by (𝑓 • 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) • 𝑔(𝑥).
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3. What is (𝑓 •
𝑔)(𝑥)?
𝑓(𝑥) = x+3
X 𝑔(𝑥) = x+3
(𝑓 • g)(𝑥) = x2 +6x +9
Operations on Functions:
Multiplication
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3. What is (𝑓 •
𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓 • 𝑔)(-3)?

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 -3 (𝑓 • g)(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 9
X 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 +3 (𝑓 • g)(-3) = (-3)2 − 9
(𝑓 • g)(-3) = 9 − 9
(𝑓 • g)(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 9 (𝑓 • g)(-3) = 0
Operations on Functions:
Multiplication
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3. What is (𝑓 •
𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓 • 𝑔)(-3)?

(𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3 (𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3
(𝑓)(-3) = -3 − 3 (𝑔)(-3) = -3 + 3 (𝑓 • 𝑔)(-3) = (-6) (0)
(𝑓)(-3) = -6 (𝑔)(-3) = 0 (𝑓 • 𝑔)(-3) = 0
Operations on Functions:
Division
Their quotient, denoted by 𝑓/𝑔, is the function denoted by
(𝑓/𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥)/𝑔(𝑥), excluding the values of x where
𝑔(𝑥) = 0.
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 6x + 9, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3. What is
(𝑓/𝑔)(𝑥)?
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑥2 + 6x + 9 (𝑥 + 3) 𝑓(𝑥)
= = (x+3) = 𝑥+3
𝑔(𝑥) 𝑥+3 𝑥+3 𝑔(𝑥)
Operations on Functions:
Division
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 16, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4. What is
(𝑓/𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓/𝑔)(-5)?

𝑓(𝑥) 𝑥2 − 16 (𝑥 + 4)(x − 4) 𝑓
= = (𝑥) = 𝑥 + 4
g(𝑥) 𝑥−4 𝑥−4 g

𝑓 𝑓 𝑓
(-5) = 𝑥 + 4 (-5) = -5 + 4 (-5) = -1
g g g
Operations on Functions:
Division
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 16, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4. What is
(𝑓/𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑓/𝑔)(-5)?
(𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑥2 − 16 (g)(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4 𝑓 9
(𝑓)(-5) = -52 − 16 (g)(-5) = -5 − 4 (-5) =
g -9
(𝑓)(-5) = 9 (g)(-5) = -9
𝑓
(-5) = -1
g
Operations on Functions:
Composite
The composite function denoted by (𝑓 ° 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)).
The process of obtaining a composite function is called
function composition.
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 5x + 6, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 2. What is
(𝑓 𝑔)(𝑥)?
𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))= (𝑥+2)2 + 5(𝑥+2) + 6
𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))= 𝑥2 + 4x + 4
5x++10
5x +10 +6
+ 6 +4
𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))= 𝑥2 + 9 𝑥 + 20
Operations on Functions:
Composite
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 14x + 72, 𝑔(𝑥) = . What is
(𝑔𝑓)(𝑥)?
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))=
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))= √ 𝑥 2  + 14 x  +  49
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))= √ ( 𝑥 +7) 2  
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))= 𝑥 +7
Operations on Functions:
Composite
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 5. What is (𝑓 𝑔)(𝑥)?

𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))=

𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))= √ (𝑥2 +10
𝑥2+10𝑥𝑥+25)
 + 10 𝑥 + 10𝑥 +50 + 25
 +25  + 50  + 25
𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))=

𝑓 𝑔(𝑥))=
Operations on Functions:
Composite
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 14x + 72, 𝑔(𝑥) = . What is
(𝑔𝑓)(2)?
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))=
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥)) =
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))= √ 𝑥 2  + 14 x  +  49 𝑔 𝑓(2)) =
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))= √ ( 𝑥 +7) 2   𝑔 𝑓(2)) = 9
𝑔 𝑓(𝑥))= 𝑥 +7
Operations on Functions:
Composite
Given the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 + 14x + 72, 𝑔(𝑥) = . What is
(𝑔𝑓)(2)?
𝑓(2) = 22 + 14(2) + 72 (𝑔𝑓)(2)=
𝑓(2) = 104 (𝑔𝑓)(2)=
(𝑔𝑓)(2)=
 CONGRATULATIONS!
Answer What I Have Learned and Assessment in Module 3.
YOU MADE IT TO THE NEXT ROUND
Let the work begin!