11TH GRADE

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Operations on functions are similar to operations on numbers.
Adding, subtracting and multiplying two or more functions
together will result in another function.
Dividing two functions together will also result in another
function if the denominator or divisor is not the zero
function.
Lastly, composing two or more functions will also produce
another function.
Definition. Let f and g be
functions.
01 SUM
Their sum, denoted by 𝑓 + 𝑔,
is the function denoted by
𝒇 + 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒈(𝒙)
02 DIFFERENCE
Their difference, denoted by 𝑓 − 𝑔,
is the function denoted by
𝒇 − 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 − 𝒈(𝒙)

03 MULTIPLICATION 04 DIVISION
𝑓
Their product, denoted by 𝑓 ⦁ 𝑔, Their quotient, denoted by 𝑔,
is the function denoted by is the function denoted by
𝒇⦁𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 ⦁𝒈(𝒙) 𝒇 𝒇 𝒙
𝒙 =
𝒈 𝒈(𝒙)
Definition. Let f and g be
functions.

05 COMPOSITION OF FUNCTION
The process of obtaining a composite
function is called function composition.
The composite function denoted by

𝒇∘𝒈 𝒙 =𝒇 𝒈 𝒙
 Examples:
Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
Determine the following functions:
a. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥) e. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3)
b. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥) f. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(3)
c. 𝑓⦁𝑔 𝑥 g. 𝑓⦁𝑔 3
ℎ ℎ
d. (𝑥) h. 𝑔
(3)
𝑔
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓

01. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥) 𝒇 + 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒈(𝒙)

= 𝒙 + 𝟓 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
= 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒
02. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(𝑥) 𝒇 − 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 − 𝒈(𝒙)
= 𝒙 + 𝟓 − (𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏)
= 𝒙 + 𝟓 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏
= −𝒙 + 𝟔
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓

03. (𝑓⦁𝑔)(𝑥) 𝒇⦁𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 ⦁𝒈(𝒙)

= (𝒙 + 𝟓)(𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏)
= 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟓
= 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
ℎ 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
04. (𝑥) =
𝑔 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 (𝒙 + 𝟓)
=
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
=𝒙+𝟓
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
𝒇 + 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒈(𝒙)
05. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3) 𝒇 + 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝒇 𝟑 + 𝒈(𝟑)
Solve for 𝑓(3) and 𝑔(3) separately:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 ∴ (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3)
𝒇 𝟑 = 𝟑 +𝟓 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟐(𝟑)−𝟏 =𝟖+𝟓
𝒇 𝟑 =𝟖 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟔 −𝟏 = 𝟏𝟑
𝒈 𝟑 =𝟓
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
𝒇 + 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒈(𝒙)
05. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3) 𝒇 + 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝒇 𝟑 + 𝒈(𝟑)
𝒇 + 𝒈 (𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒 Solve for 𝑓(3) and 𝑔(3) separately:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
𝒇 + 𝒈 (𝟑) = 𝟑(𝟑) + 𝟒 𝒇 𝟑 = 𝟑+ 𝟓 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟐(𝟑) −𝟏
𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟔−𝟏
𝒇 𝟑 =𝟖
𝒇 + 𝒈 (𝟑) = 𝟏𝟑 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟓

∴ (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3)
= 𝟖 +𝟓
= 𝟏𝟑
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓

06. (𝑓 − 𝑔)(3) 𝒇 − 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝒇 𝟑 − 𝒈(𝟑)

Solve for 𝑓(3) and 𝑔(3) separately:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 ∴ (𝑓 + 𝑔)(3)
𝒇 𝟑 = 𝟑 +𝟓 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟐(𝟑)−𝟏 =𝟖−𝟓
𝒇 𝟑 =𝟖 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟔 −𝟏 =𝟑
𝒈 𝟑 =𝟓
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓

07. (𝑓⦁𝑔)(3) (𝑓⦁𝑔)(3)

= 𝑓(3)⦁𝑔(3)
(𝑓⦁𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
𝟐
= 8⦁5
(𝑓⦁𝑔)(𝟑) = 𝟐(𝟑)𝟐 + 𝟗(𝟑) − 𝟓 = 40
= 𝟏𝟖 + 𝟐𝟕 − 𝟓
= 𝟒𝟓 − 𝟓
= 𝟒𝟎
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒉 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒙 − 𝟓
Solve for h(3) and 𝑔(3) separately:
ℎ
08. (3) 𝒉 𝟑 = 𝟐(𝟑)𝟐 + 𝟗(𝟑) − 𝟓
𝑔 = 𝟒𝟎
ℎ 𝒈 𝟑 = 𝟐(𝟑) − 𝟏
(𝑥) = 𝒙 + 𝟓 =𝟓
𝑔
ℎ ℎ ℎ 3 40
(𝟑) = 𝟑 + 𝟓 ∴ (3) = =
𝑔 𝑔(3) 5
𝑔
=𝟖 =𝟖
 YOUR TURN!
If 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐 and 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑, find:
a. (𝑓 + 𝑔)(𝑥)
b. 𝑓 − 𝑔 (𝑥)
c. (𝑓⦁𝑔)(𝑥)
𝑓
d. 𝑔
𝑥
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒

a. (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥)
b. 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 (𝑥)
c.(𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(5)
d. 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 (−1)
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒

a. (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓 𝑔 𝑥
= 𝑓(𝑥 2 + 4)
2
=4 (𝑥 + 4) − 5
= 4𝑥 2 + 16 − 5
= 4𝑥 2 + 11
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒

b. (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑔 𝑓 𝑥
= 𝑔(4𝑥 − 5)
= (4𝑥 − 5)2 + 4
= 16𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 25 + 4
= 16𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 29
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒

c. (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(5) a. (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥)
= 4𝑥 2 + 11 =𝑓 𝑔 𝑥
= 4(5)2 + 11 = 𝑓(𝑥 2 + 4)
= 4(25) + 11 = 4 (𝑥 2 + 4) − 5
= 100 + 11 = 4𝑥 2 + 16 − 5
= 111 = 4𝑥 2 + 11
 Given the functions:
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒
d. (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(−1) b. (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥)
= 16𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 29 =𝑔 𝑓 𝑥
= 16(−1)2 − 40(−1) + 29 = 𝑔(4𝑥 − 5)
= 16 + 40 + 29 = (4𝑥 − 5)2 + 4
= 85
= 16𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 25 + 4
= 16𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 29
 YOUR TURN!
Given the functions:
𝒈 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 𝒉 𝒙 =𝒙+𝟏

a. (𝑔 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥)
b. ℎ ∘ 𝑔 (𝑥)
c.(ℎ ∘ ℎ)(𝑥)
d. 𝑔 ∘ ℎ (𝑥)