IOT Based Low Cost Blood Pressure

Monitoring System Using LPC 2148

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 CONTENTS

 Introduction
 Literature Survey
 Methodology
 Block Diagram
 Block Diagram Description
 Advantages
 Applications
 Conclusion
 Future scope
 References
 INTRODUCTION
• we created a blood pressure monitor. This blood pressure monitor measures the
mean arterial pressure (MAP) and approximates the systolic and diastolic
pressures.
• It requires the use of a pressure transducer, LPC 2148, and coding to control the
valve and air pump. The circuit design is composed of three basic stages: a low
pass filter, a high pass filter, and a non inverting amplifier.
• Blood pressure monitors are primarily used in clinical settings to analyze patient’s
blood pressure and in order to prescribe the best treatment.
• This low cost monitor inflates and deflates the blood pressure cuff in order to
determine the mean arterial pressure.
• It then roughly approximates the diastolic and systolic pressures based on the
mathematically relationship between mean arterial pressure, diastolic, and systolic
pressures. The results are then displayed on the LCD screen.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
1) M. K. Chaithanya, K. V. K. Kishore, and A. Srinivasulu, “Continues
Blood Pressure Measurement and Data Logging Device with SMS
Alert,” Int. J. Multimed. Ubiquitous Eng., vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 25–40,
2014.
2) A. Prijono, A. D. Hangkawidjaja, Ratnadewi, and A. S. Ahmar,
“Verification Image of the Veins on the Back Palm with Modified
Local Line Binary Pattern (MLLBP) and Histogram,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser.,
vol. 954, no. 1, 2018.
3) A. Rubin, High Blood PRESSURE, Second Edi. Wiley Publishing, Inc.,
1973.
4) J. Fraden, Handbook of Modern Sensors, Third Edit. Newyork:
Springer, 2004.
 METHODOLOGY
This project describes the development of a Non-invasive automatic blood pressure monitor
(BPM) based on a capacitive pressure sensor (CPS) with the enhanced capture, compare,
pulse width modulation (PWM) module (ECCP) of the microcontroller (MCU) and Bluetooth
communications for home health monitoring.
• The objective of this project is to develop automatic blood pressure device with accuracy
and low cost by using a capacitive pressure sensor and logic inverter oscillator instead of the
instrumentation amplifier and bandpass filter.
• The biomedical real-time blood pressure (BP) signal is measured by using pressure to
capacitance circuit with pulse width modulation (PWM) technology and interfaced with
microcontroller.
• The microcontroller detects the blood pressure signal and by using enhanced module
functions, with the help of proposed algorithm, the blood pressure result (systolic, diastolic,
pulse) has been calculated and transmitted to the
• Android smartphone health application via Bluetooth communication with the presence of
mini LCD display, the records are stored in the internal memory of the microcontroller. The
obtained result of the proposed device was verified with standard Sphygmomanometer
results.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Blood Pressure
LCD Display
Sensor Circuit

Pump
Bluetooth
Motor Valve
Module
Driver
LPC 2148
Push Buttons

Power Supply
 LPC2148

• LPC2148 microcontrollers are based on a 32-bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real time
emulation and embedded trace support that combine microcontroller with embedded
high-speed flash memory 512 kB.
• A 128-bit wide memory interface and an unique accelerator architecture enable 32-bit
code execution at the maximum clock rate.
• In-System Programming/In-Application Programming (ISP/IAP) via on-chip boot loader
software. 10-bit ADCs provide a total of 6/14 analog inputs, with conversion times as low
as 2.44 μs per channel. Single 10-bit DAC provides variable analog output Two 32-bit
timers/external event counters (with four capture and four compare channels each),
PWM unit (six outputs) and watchdog.
• Low power Real-Time Clock (RTC) with independent power and 32 kHz clock input.
Multiple serial interfaces including two UARTs, two Fast I2C-bus (400 kbit/s), SPI
and SSP with buffering and variable data length capabilities.
Bluetooth module
This is a serial bluetooth module. Use it to send and receive
wireless serial data through bluetooth. The HC05 module
can be used to receive serial data from phones, computers,
laptops and other HC05 modules.

• Features
• Input Voltage: 3V3-6V DC
• Tx and Rx lines operate at 3V3, it is known to work at 5V TTL
also but it is strictly not recommended
• Supports serial speed from 1200 to 1382400 bps (default is
9600 bps)
• Range: ~30m
• Bluetooth Specification v2.0+EDR
• Module can be programmed through serial AT commands
to change the module's parameters
 Sensing Unit
• The sensing unit is the first stage of the system that detects the biomedical
blood pressure signal. It consists of two parts: arm cuff with its pipe and a
CPS.
• The CPS is a chamber with a static plate and deflected flexible diaphragm
with a dielectric in between. When pressure is applied to the diaphragm,
the space between capacitor plates changes, this change leads to change in
the capacitance resulted.
• The capacity is a function of diaphragm position because all remaining
parameters are constant. The capacitance resulted is measured in Pico
farad unit (pf). The initial capacitance at 0mmHg (C0) is 15pf and at
200mmHg is 20pf and the pressure measuring range is 0 - 40kpa / 0 -
350mmHg. And the capacitance band of the sensor which is used in this
paper (C300-C0) is 6.5pf. The method used in this sensor for capacitive
sensing is based on changing the plates separation distance (gap)

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 Signal Conditioning Unit
• Signal conditioning unit (SCU) is the second stage of the
system that converts the CPS output capacitance to the entire
frequency. The SCU in this paper is built from stable three
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) logic
inverter oscillator provide by the CD4009 chip with RC tank
circuit to convert the capacitance of sensor to 50% duty cycle
square wave signal (mark, space) with adjustable frequency
according to pressure sensor capacitance.

IOT Based Home

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Automation
Flow Chart

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Circuit Diagram

IOT Based Home

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Automation
 ADVANTAGES
• It makes the process simpler.
• It makes our work more cordiblle.
• It makes us to do many task on a single go.
• We can monitor the process on smartphone.
• It can lead to smart system development ,hence the devices can response to any change in the
stimulus automatically
 CONCLUSION
• The automatic BPM based CPS and microcontroller by using ECCP module
with smartphones and PC wireless communication is implemented in this
research. The system is materially constructed and its performance has
been attested. The system allows personnel to monitor a patient’s BP and
heart rate without requiring the physician to be actually present to take
the measurements.
• The system can store 100 records in the MCU internal memory. The
system operates successfully. The comparison result shows the accuracy of
the proposed meter compared to the standard meter. And it’s ease of
usage. The current implementation can be further improved.
• Future improvements to the system may include: smartphone oscillograph
display, a thermal printer to print the test results as cities BPM stations,
and cloud central connection for health statistic operations and
emergency
 REFERENCES

[1] Hypertension Canada, “Hypertension Canada 2017

Guidelines for management of Hypertension,” Hypertens.
Canada, 2017.
[2] I. B. A. I. Iswara and I. G. M. N. Desnanjaya, “Trainer
ATMEGA32 Sebagai Media Pelatihan Mikrokontroler dan
Arduino,” Resistor, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2018.
[3] M. Margolis, Arduino Cookbook, First Edit. O’Reilly, 2011.
[4] L. Khuon, T. Camise, C. Banan, and K. Buckley, “Contrasting
Blood Pressure Measurement Approaches in a Freshman
Engineering Design Project Lunal Khuon , Timothy Camise ,
Clayton Bannan and Kevin Buckley Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering,” in Spring 2012 Mid-Atlantic ASEE
Conference, 2012.
Thank you