PAKISTAN

STUDY
Presented by: Bisma baby
Predented to: sir gulam murtaza
 BENAZIR BHUTTO(1953-2007)
FIRST TERM(1988-1990)

Introduction
Political carrer
1988 election
First term as prime minister
Foreign and military policy
India and nuclear bomb
Dismissal and first team as opposition leader
 INTRODUCTION
Born in Karachi…experience many diplomatic events with her father.
Studied at Harvard university, university of oxford.
1988-90 and again 1993-96 remained P.M.
First women leader in Islamic world…youngest in world.
1990 served as opposition leader(IJIwon).
Second term was much better than previous one.
1996 khan khan again dismissed her.
1999 Musharraf applied material law.
27 Dec 2007 in Rawalpindi she was assassinated.
 POLITICAL CAREER
After Bhutto’s execution Benazir campaigned along with her mother
1981 initiated MRD.
She remained in jail, House arrest, and then was exiled to Geneva, then
moved to UK.
1985 Zia lifted martial law and Bhutto came in 1986.
Dec 1987 married with Asif Ali Zardari.
Never used her Husband Name, also her son(political purpose)
1988 Zia dissolved assemblies and called for elections on Non-party basis.
 1988 ELECTIONS
All Islamist and Conservatives parties..IJI against PPP
IJI was funded by ISI
Bhutto’s PPP won 93 of 205 and IJI won 54
IJI remained strong in Punjab.
PPP forged an alliance with MQM (13) and formed
government.
 FIRST TERM AS PRIME
MINISTER
Appointed herself as treasury minister
Army chief Aslam Beg, ISI chief Hamid Gul and presided Khan
dislike her.
Did not pass any major legislation
Released many political prisoners, lift ban from trade unions and
student assosiations and ended media censorship
Emphasized on homes, health care and education(None)
Problem of Narcotics.. Pak largest Heroin exporter
 MORE ABOUT FIRST TERM AS PRIME
Major problems: SheMINISTER…
wanted Iftikhar Ahmad as COAS but khan opposed,
Bhutto proposed Malik Qasim as presidential nominee but military opposed, Bhutto
wanted to change Mehbub ul Haqas Finance minister but military opposed
 Military will not tolerate her defense and foreign affairs
 60% population lied in Punjab whose CM was Nawaz Sharif
 April 1989 No-confidence move defeated by 12 votes
 Bhutto claimed that MNAs were bibed for $10 million by Osama Bin Laden
 FOREIGN AND MILITARY
POLICY
When to foreign trips to attract foreign investment and aid
for Pak.
 June 1989 visited USA.
 civil war in AFG, America contacted Aslam beg Hamid
Gul and Khan directly rather through Bhutto.
April 1989 Gull made invasion of AFG to seize Jalalabad.
 Later this operation failed and Gull blamed Bhutto for
leaking the information to AFC.
 DISMISSAL AND FIRST TERM AS
OPPOSITION LEADER
 ISI organised “Operation Midnight Jackal” (Bribery, Intimidationa).
 1989 MQM left PPP
 Her husband attended Cabinet meetings despite not being a member.
 corruption was common, unemployment and Labour strikes.
 August 1990 khan dismissed Bhutto’s Govt using 8th amendment.
 Oct 1990 election PPP-45 off 217 and IJI 106.
 Nawaz became P.M and Bhutto opposition leader
 Nov 1992 organised a 10 Mile March from Rawalpindi to ISL.
 Attacked every policy of Nawaz Sharif.
INDIA AND NUCLEAR BOMB
Initially South good relations, Shimla agreement as base for future ne.
Rajiv Gandhi visited Pak.
Agreed not to attack each other’s nuclear.
Then took hard line towards India (Kashmir).
Visited military training camp…$3 milillion.
Proxy war in Punjab and Kashmir was right thing by Zia.
 Military and president were reluctant to tell her about nuclear progress.
When she visited USA there she came to know about pak nuclear
program.