Internship report

Prepared by: Tahir Dekamo

ID: CCS/UR7761/11

Hosting Institution: Arsi University, ICT Directorate

Duration: From to
 Outline

 Introduction and Background

 Objectives of Internship program
 Organizational structure of Institution (ICT directorate)
 Section of Institution I have been working in
 Work task I have been executed and procedure followed
 Review of Internship
 The Skills and Qualifications Gained from the Internship
 Challenges and Measure I have taken to overcome it
 Conclusion and recommendation
 Introduction and Background

 AU is one of the public institutions of higher learning in Ethiopia, established

in 2014(2004 E.C) by decree No.322/2014 of the Council of Ministers of the
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

 In accordance with its core mission, that is, contributing to the economic
development of Ethiopia, AU is committed to promoting practical research
culture and dissemination of findings to end-users and appropriate
stakeholders.
Objectives of Internship

 The general objective of internship is to gain full knowledge or practical

knowledge on how to design local area network (LAN) by using our previous
theoretical knowledge and to develop communicative knowledge with organization
society. And to achieve this general objective the following specific objectives:

 Integration and update: This is a new installation in a new building with new trunk.

 Scalability: The network design is scalable so that more network cable equipment can be
added if needed

 To view academic information in Arsi university.

 To facilitate communication between different offices.

Objectives of Internship

 Improve network performance at Arsi university community

 To share file or data with authorized individuals.

 Provide increased network capacity
 Provide future expansion capability.
 Improve the network's fault tolerance, security, and high speed connection.
Organizational Governance Structure

 ICT Directorate reports to the Office of the President as it is responsible for

the provision of ICT infrastructure, services, and systems for the following
four operational domains of the University:

 Learning- teaching,

 research and innovation,

 community engagements and

 governance services.
Organizational Governance Structure

 The directorate’s governance structure embodies five operational units:

 ICT Infrastructure and Services Unit

 Business Applications Development and Administration Unit

 Teaching-Learning Technologies Unit

 ICT Support and Maintenance Unit

 ICT Training and Consultancy Services Unit

Section of institution I have been
worked in
 As I have tried to state before, from the section of institution I have listed
before I did my Internship activity on ICT Infrastructure and Services Unit
 ICT Infrastructure and Services Unit : is responsible for
Work task I have been executed and procedure
followed

 The work task I have been executed is Network hardware identification and
Installation ,as well as network cabling
 Network Physical Hardware includes:
 Switch
 Rack
 RJ45
 Cable tester
 Cable trunk
 Crimper
 Switch

 switch is used to network multiple computers together. Switches made for

the consumer market are typically small, flat boxes with 4 to 8 Ethernet
ports.
 A network switch is a small hardware device that joins multiple computers
together within one local area network (LAN).
 A switch is a Layer 2 device in fact it is called a multi-port bridge, just like a
hub is called a multi-port repeater.
 The difference between the hub and switch is that switches make decisions
based on MAC addresses and hubs don't make decisions at all.
 Rack

 A rack is a metal frame used to hold various hardware devices such as

switches, hard disk drives, modems and other electronic equipment.
RJ45

 The "RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered jack," since it is a standardized

networking interface.
 RJ45 is a type of connector commonly used for Ethernet networking. It looks
similar to a telephone jack, but is slightly wider. Since Ethernet cables have
an RJ45 connector on each end, Ethernet cables are sometimes also called
RJ45 cables.
 Cable Tester

 A network cable tester can identify if the wires are paired correctly. It can
also show if there is a break in the insulation, a situation which allows
crosstalk between two wires that should not be connected.
 Trunk

 Trunks are used to interconnect switches to form networks, and to

interconnect local area networks (LANs) to form wide area networks (WANs)
or virtual LANs (VLANs). A trunk often consists of multiple wires, cables, or
fiber optic strands to maximize the available bandwidth and the number of
channels that can be accommodated.
 Crimper

 Crimpers are primarily used for attaching ends onto different types of
network cables by a process known as crimping.
 Network cabling

 Cable is the data transmission medium in which information usually moves

from one network device to another. Understanding the characteristics of
different types of cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is
necessary for the development of a successful network.
 Network cabling

 Twisted-pair cable is the most common type of cabling we can be seen and
used in LAN networks. A pair of wires forms a circuit that can transmit data.
The pairs are twisted to provide protection against crosstalk, the noise
generated by adjacent pairs 22 carrying a current, the current creates a
magnetic field around the wire. This field can interfere with signals on nearby
wires.
 Two Types of Twisted Pairs are: -
 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and.
 Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
The cables to connects to different and
same devices
 Straight Through: Ethernet cables are the standard cable used for almost
all purposes, and are often called "patch cables" and it is used to connect
different type of devices.
 This type of cable will be used most of the time and can be used to:
 Connect a computer to a switch/hub's normal port.
 Switch to router
 Switch to PC or server
 Hub to PC or server
Color-coded order UTP

S. No Color-coded order UTP

  Side A Side B
   
1 White Orange White Orange
2 Orange Orange
3 White Green White Green
4 Blue Blue
5 White Blue White Blue
4 Green Green
7 White Brown White Brown
8 Brown Brown
 Crossover Cables:

 An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of Ethernet cable used to connect

computing devices together directly. Use crossover cables for the following
cabling:
 Switch to switch
 Switch to hub
 Hub to hub
 Router to router
 Router Ethernet port to PC NIC
 PC to PC
Cross over Cables

S. No Color-coded order UTP

  Side A Side B
   

1 White Orange White Green

2 Orange Green

3 White Green White Orange

4 Blue Blue

5 White Blue White Blue

6 Green Orange

7 White Brown White Brown

8 Brown Brown
 Review Of Internship activity

The Skills and Qualifications Gained from the Internship

 The skills gained from the internship are very essential to change the
theoretical knowledge to practical skills.
 Experiences that we have shared during our two months apparent ship period
are listed below –
 I have learnt about working processes in Organizations, especially Network
installation
 I have improved our technical and personal skills that I have learned theoretically
becoming familiar with new techniques and methods.
 I have gained knowledge of organizational structure and how can behave in a
company.
 I have learned how to configure network devices before they are being used
 Practical Skill Gained

 I have developed a confidence to do the given work practically and observed

practical work is more simple than theoretical. The differences between
Theoretical Skill and Practical Skill are:
 Theoretical knowledge always unfulfilled in practical application, though
sometimes it might seem that way.
 It is important to realize that in the workplace, what matters is not the amount of
practical experience or theoretical background that an individual has.
 Gaining knowledge from practical work is easier than from theoretical learning
process.
Challenge faced during our Internship
Period.
 there are material limitations at the beginning time of our internship.
 Lack of Punctuality: - is the big problem in my field practice period because
the staff members are not getting on time.
 at the start, AU-ICT scheduled our programs into 2 parts such as networking,
maintenance but they had not accomplished all the programs correctly, mean
that they haven’t reached what their scheduled or intended goal. They have
trained us only in network due to the absence of voluntary professional man.
 Some of Employees within the campus is not voluntary to share his/her talent
to us.
 Conclusion

 To conclude, we think that this internship was very beneficial to us as we

learnt a lot, and it made us discover works in partial of real world. Generally,
we had got practical knowledge of networking especially in switch
configuration, cable crimping, cable punching on patch panel, how networks
distributed.
 This internship was definitely an introduction to the actual work field for us. I
have learned to work in a Networking organization and apply our knowledge
into practice.
 Recommendations

 Recommendation to AU ICT Directorate

 As I have seen in summer field practice there are a lot of problems and challenges
were happening for performing effective works like, the office didn’t have good
documentation system, so any person did not get good information when needed.
So if they prepared a good documentation system there work may be simplified.
 This office did not have sufficient worker to manage the office work and to give
good practice for students. So if they prepare person which give excellent practice
for students.
 The office is very narrow to manage the word and to keep material. So it is good if
they prepare suitable rooms for the work.
Recommendations..

 Recommendation to University
 The University should give correctly published internship report format to student
before the students distributed to the hosting company.
 The University should give chance to electrical and computer-engineering student to
see some related company equipment and device before internship program. Trip
related with knowledge sharing program with the future hosting company is much
better for student to be familiar with equipment and device when the student joins
the company for internship program.
 The money allocated for intern students is very, very and more very small cannot be
fit with our current economic influence in our country and cannot be fulfill the intern
student human needs (food and shelter).
 The teaching and learning strategy should more focus on electronics and computer lab
in order to make the intern’s students more familiar to industrial instruments and
equipment.
 End!

Thanks!
Question and recommendations????