CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM OF

PRISONS
SUBMITTED BY: PRANAV PRAKASH
REG NO: 20204012527118
CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM OF PRISONS

• The sole object of prisonisation in those days

was to subject the inmates to the maximum
torture and pain and therefore here was no
need to classify them.
• With the evolution of penal science during the
late eighteenth and early nineteenth Century,
the offenders were classified into different
categories according to sex, age & gravity of
offence.
 ADULT INSTITUTIONS
CENTRAL PRISONS / JAILS
There are central jails in the most of the states in India and also
special prisons for women.
• During the day time the prisoners shall be sent to the workshops.
• The superintendent atleast once in a fortnight shall make a night
visit to check up whether everything is in order and jailer also
make a night visit atleast once in a week.
• The Inspector General shall conduct the annual inspection
every year and check the security arrangements of the
prisons, discipline of the prisons, action taken towards the
rehabilitation and welfare of the prisons.
JUVENILE INSTITUTIONS
OBSERVATION HOMES
The state government establishes and maintain either by
itself or an agreement with voluntary organisations,
observation homes in every district or a group of districts, as
may be required for the temporary reception of any juvenile
in conflict with the law during the pendancy of any inquiry
regarding them.
• Every juvenile Who is not placed under the
charge of parent or guardian and is sent to an
observation home shall be initially kept in a
reception unit of the observation home for
preliminary inquiries .
• Care and classification for juveniles according to
his age group, such as 7 to 12 years , 12 to 16
years & 16 to 18 years giving due to
considerations to physical and mental status and
the degree of offence committed, for further
induction into observation home.
SPECIAL HOME
The state government may, by rules, provide for management of
special homes, including the standards and various types of
services to be provided by them which are necessary for re-
socialisation of juvenile, and the circumstances under which, and
the manner in which, the certification os special home may be
granted or withdrawn.
WOMEN INSTITUTIONS
Formerly, there was only one special prison for women in
Tamilnadu, which was constructed at 1930 at vellore. This is
spacious neat and Strong building and its capacity is 412.
Exclusively women staff manages these institutions. Besides Lady
superintendent, there are female warders, Head warders, Chief
head warders, Matron, Lady welfare officer and women medical
officer in each of these institutions.
 OPEN PRISONS
Criminologist have expressed different views about the definition of open
prison.
An open institution is characterized by the absence of material and physical
precautions against escape such as walls, locks, bars and armed guards etc. ,
and by a system based on self-discipline and innate sense of responsibility
towards the group in which he lives .
Thus open prisons are minimum security devices for inmates to rehabilitate
them in society after final release . In India they are popularly called as open
jails.
ADVANTAGES OF OPEN PRISONS
• They help in reducing overcrowding in jails.
• Constitution cost is fairly reduced.
• Operation cost of open prisons is far less than the enclosed prisons.
• Engaging inmates of open air prisons in productive work reduces
idleness and thus keep them physically and mentally fit.
• Removal of prisoners from general prison to an open prison helps in
conversation of natural resources and widens the scope of
rehabilitative process.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF OPEN PRISONS
• Informal & institunal living in small groups with minimum measures of custody.
• Efforts to promote consciousness among inmates about their social
responsibilities.
• Proper attention towards the health and recreational facilities for inmates.
• Free and intimate contact between staff and the inmates.
• Regular and paid work for inmates under expert supervision as a method of
reformation.
• Avoidance of unduly long detention.
Thank You