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Eleventh Edition
Chapter 19
Electric Potential Energy and the Electric
Potential
19.1 Potential Energy (1 of 3)
EPE WAB
V
q0 q0
1 eV 1.60 1019 V
1
2 mvB2 12 mv A2 EPE A EPEB
1
2 mvB2 12 mvA2 q0 VA VB
2 3.0105 C 25 V
9.1m s
1.810 5
kg
2 q0 VA VB
(b) vA m
2 3.0105 C 25 V
9.1m s
1.8105 kg
kqq0 kqq0
WAB
rA rB
Potential of a kq
point charge V
r
kq 8.99 10 N m C 4.0 10 C
9 2 2 8
(a) V 300 V
r 1.2 m
(b) V 300 V
VA
8.99 109
N m 2 C2 8.0 109 C
8.99 10 9
N m 2 C 2 8.0 10 9 C
240 V
0.20 m 0.60 m
VB
8.99 10 9
N m2 C2 8.0 109 C
8.99 10 9
N m2 C2 8.0 109 C
0V
0.40 m 0.40 m
kq
V
r
The net electric force does no
work on a charge as it moves
on an equipotential surface.
Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 21
19.3 The Electric Potential Difference Created
by Point Charges (8 of 9)
The electric field created
by any charge or group of
charges is everywhere
perpendicular to the
associated equipotential
surfaces and points in the
direction of decreasing
potential.
V
E
s
V 64 V
E 2.0 103 V m
s 0.032 m
V 3.0 V 3
s 3
1.5 10 m
E 2.0 10 V m
E0
Dielectric constant
E
0 A
q V
d
Parallel plate capacitor 0 A
filled with a dielectric C
d
Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 32
19.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics (7 of 10)
Conceptual Example 10 The Effect of
a Dielectric When a Capacitor Has a
Constant Charge
An empty capacitor is connected to a
battery and charged up. The capacitor is
then disconnected from the battery, and
a slab of dielectric material is inserted
between the plates. Does the voltage
across the plates increase, remain the
same, or decrease?
C 19.0 1012 F
Energy 12 CV 2
Energy
Energy density Volume 12 0 E 2