Transformation

- is a way to change the position of a figure.

- the figure retains its size and only its position is changed.

Example of this type of transformation are:

Translations,Rotations,
Reflections and
Dilations
TRANSLATION
- A translation is a transformation that slides a figure across a
plane or through space.
- With translation all points of a figure move the same distance
and the same direction.
- Basically, translation means that a figure has moved.

An easy way to
remember what A TRANSLATION
translation means is to
remember.... IS A CHANGE IN
LOCATION.
 Translation
What does a translation look
like?

x y
Translate from x to y

A TRANSLATION IS A CHANGE IN LOCATION

ROTATION
- A rotation is a transformation that turns a
figure about (around) a point or a line.
- Basically, rotation means to spin a shape.
- The point a figure turns around is called the
center of rotation.
- The center of rotation can be on or outside the
shape.
 Rotation
What does a rotation look
like?

.
Center of rotation

A ROTATION MEANS TO TURN A FIGURE

 Rotation
If a shape spins 360
how far does it spin?

All the way

around
This is called one full turn
 Euclid’s 5 Postulates
• Postulate are assumptions specific to geometry.
• Let the following be postulated:
1. To draw a straight line from any point to any point.
2. To produce (extend) a finite straight line continuously in
straight line.
3. To describe a circle with any centre and distance
(radius).
4. That all right angles are equal to one another
5. The parallel postulate: That, if a straight line falling on
two straight line make the interior angles on the same
side less than two right angles , the two straight lines, if
produced indefinitely, meet on that side on which are
the angles less that the two right angle.
 Theorem with Proof
• Theorem
-Two distinct lines cannot have more than one
points in common
• Proof
-Two lines ‘l’ and ‘m’ are given. We need to
prove that they have only one point in common.
Let us suppose that the two lines intersects in two
distinct points, say P and Q.
• That is two line passes through two
distinct points P and Q.
• But this assumptions clashes with the
axiom that only one line can pass through
two distinct points
• Therefore the assumptions that two lines
intersects in two distinct points is wrong
• Therefore, we conclude that two distinct
line cannot have more than one point in
common
 “A people without the
knowledge of their past history,
origin and culture is like a tree
without roots”
– Marcos Garvey

Thank You!!