Project phase (401006)

1
Project Presentation on
“Making of Economical tiles using plastic waste”

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GENBA SOPANRAO MOZE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING BALEWADI, PUNE- 411045.

Savitribai Phule, Pune university, Pune.
2020-2021
Presented BY:-
Mr. Sagar Baban Shinde (71927065M)
Mr. Rhishikesh Tanaji Bhoite (77926978E)
Mr. Vishal Vijaykumar Patil (71927043L)
Mr. Shubham Kambale (71927071F)
Under The Guidence Of
Prof. Vinayak Kulkarni
 CONTENTS
2
SR.N NAME OF THE CHAPTER PAGE
O NO
1 Introduction 7
2 Literature Review 8

3 Problem Statement 13
4 Need For Study 14
5 Obijective 15
6 Methods of making plastic tiles 16
7 Methodlodgy of plastic tiles making by 17
melting proessc
8 Material 18
9 Test to be conducted on tiles 19
 CONTENTS
SR.NO NAME OF THE CHAPTER PAGE
NO

10 Expectd result 20
11 21
Graph

12 Methodlodgy on cment plastic tiles 25

13 Test 28
14 Result 29
15 Graph 30
16 Conclusion of plastic tile making by melting process 31

17 Conclusion of cemcnt plastic tiles 32

18 Refernace 34

20 Journal paper 36
4 Introduction

Modern life is unthinkable without plastic . In todays lifestyle we see plastic everywhere
like toys, TV’s, water bottles, mobile, etc. The plastic waste generated is huge quantity
and disposal of plastic takes more than 300 years. So in short even if we want to avoid
plastic it is impossible to remove it instantly. So to help environment and utilise plastic
in our project we will be concentrating on using plastic as raw material for the
production of tiles.
5
LITERATURE REVIEW
1 Title: Manufacturing and Testing of Plastic Tiles

Authors: Kanchan Basale

Journal: Journal Advance and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education

Year of 2008
Publication:
Findings: The plastic is harmful for environment and very much amount plastic waste
discard in surrounding in daily routine. So try to minimize as well as utilization
of plastic waste in civil construction field by production of plastic tiles with
waste plastic material. The budling material haven important role role to play in
the modern age of technology there most important use in construction activities
no filed of engg. Is conceivable without there use also the building material
industries is an important contribute in our national economic as is out put
givens both the rate and the quality of construction work there are certain
general factors which affect choice of material for a particular scheme .
Different material and forms and construction have developed in different parts
of the world.
6

2 Title: Plastic Floor Tiles

Authors: A. Momin

Journal: ICCE

Year of Aug 2014

Publication:

Findings: Plastic waste can be used as a binding agent instead of cement in manufacture of
tiles, in pavement construction etc. The waste plastic with proportions of 10%
and 20% by weight of sand were found to be insufficient to prepare tile. With
the increasing production of plastic and its use the waste plastic also increasing
of about70% total plastic consumption is generated as waste plastic in India
which is about 15342tons per day . The disposal of this plastic material is an
indulging issue which create enviormental problem there are many technical
option for revies and safe disposal of waste plastic which can minimize the
problem .
7
3 Title: Making of Plastic Tiles Using Waste Plastic Collected from Fertilizer
Bags, Plastic Wires and Waste Tyre Tubes (Polypropylene,
Polyurethane, Thermoplastic and Polyester)

Authors: P. Mohana Gangaraju , K.Venkata Ramayya , P. Bhanu Praksh

Journal: International Journal of Enginerring Research And Technolodgy

Year of 4 Feb 2018

Publication:

Findings: Use of waste plastic as a building material i.e. tiles can have considerable
benefits including reducing environmental impact and reduction in
greenhouse gases like CO2, CFC’S etc. It has high compressive strength
and lower water absorption when compared to the ceramic tile. These tiles
also turned to be economical comparing to ceramic tile.
8

4 Title: Comparative Analysis of Tiles Made from Recyclable LDPE Plastic Waste

Authors: Omkar Borhabe , Rohit Bhikule

Journal: International Journal of Enginerring Research And Technolodgy

Year of 2 Feb 2019

Publication:

Findings: A completely recycled product t was manufactured at a very cheap price. The
material is unbreakable as against ceramic tile. Manufactured tiles have good
machinability in cutting and finishing. Manufactured tile floats on water,
making it suitable for marine applications like rafts, floats. Plastic is known
as syntactic material which are polymeric and are composed of large
molecule that are form during a process is known as polymerization are
known as polymer
9
5 Title: Manufacture of Tiles using Waste Plastic and River Sand

Authors: Yomiyu Reta & Shivakumar Mahto

Journal: International Journal of Research

Year of Septmber 2019

Publication:

Findings: The utilization of waste plastic in production of tiles has productive way of
disposal of plastic waste. The cost of tiles is reduced when compared to that of
concrete block. Tiles made using plastic waste and sand have shown better result.
Sand is one of the concrete ingredient that mostly use in construction industries
to form concrete but for these research we use sand to form or produce tiles with
waste PAT plastic. And normally use of sand size is passing through 2.36mm sieve
.
10
PROBLEM STATEMENT

Solid wastes including plastics, once used and dumped, can accumulate
without decomposing resulting in unsightly sceneries, blocking of water
movement channels, reduction of soil fertility by preventing moisture
penetration into the soils and wide spread of diseases like malaria and
cholera as a result of creation of bleeding grounds. On the other hand,
these materials may be useful for the construction industry. The feasibility
of conserving the environment by collecting such wastes and converting
them into floor tiles.
11 Need For Study
 Natural decomposition of plastic can last from 400-1000 years and
few types of plastics are non-degradable as well.

 Plastic cause mainly fire harzdous .

 Its cost of recycling is also very high.

 In India 20% of landfill is made up of plastic.

 Ceramic tiles are heavy weight hence its difficult to transport

 Ceramic tiles are usually expensive.

12 Objectives

 To compare strength parameter of plastic tiles with cement tiles.

 To obtain plastic tiles with high durability, less water absorption and high
compressive strength.

 To determine the optimum percentage of plastic and sand in tiles.

 To make use of the large hazardous plastic waste in an effective manner.

 To reduce the cost of construction materials by using cost effective tiles.

13 Method of Making Plastic Tiles

 Making of plastic tiles by melting process

 Making of plastic tiles by cutting plastic in small pieces
Flow Chart Of Making of Plastic Tiles by Melting
Process
Literature Survey

Finalization Of Topic
• Construction Of Economical Tiles Using By Waste Material

Methodology
• The Methodology adopted for producing Plastic floor tiles using plastic waste involves following steps
• Making of Plastic Tiles Using Waste Plastic Collected from Fertilizer Bags, Plastic Wires and Waste Tyre Tubes (Polypropylene, Polyurethane,
Thermoplastic and Polyester)
• Melting Of Plastic waste
• The selected wasted plastic from different element is weighted , crushed to smaller pieces and melted in a container at its melting point [ 150
to 170 c] .
• Collected waste tyre are cut into fine pieces and added into the mixture of melted waste plastic.

• Mixing of Materials
• After the waste plastic its melted and the same sand is added to it in the same container during heating and the mixture is stirred
continuously
• The sand shall be added by little by little in quantity and stirred well so that a homogenous mix is obtained .
• Care should be taken that material does not catch fire .

• Placing OF mixture
• Then the mixture is fed into a mould .

• Demoulding
• Once the mould is completely prepared .The mould is cool under placing in water . The tiles removed from mould
• The tile is ready for The test
15 Material
 Solid plastic
 HDPE - High Density Polymer Plastic
 LDPE –Low Density Polymer Plastic
 Waste Tyre tube ( In Small Pieces)
 Binding Material (melted Plastic)
 Quarry dust
16 Test Will Be Conducted on tiles
 Water Absorption
 Abrasion Resistance
 Transverse Resistance
 Impact Resistance

 NOTE :
 10% ,20% of waste plastic where found to be insufficient
for making plastic tiles hence there is no test result of it
17 EXPECTED RESULT
Test Result For Different Normal cement
Tiles
Sr.no Test Percentage of waste plastic

30% 40% 50% 60%

1 Water Absorption ( in percentage) 3.80 3.50 2.34 1.01 9.5

2 Transvers Resistance (N/mm2)
10.80 13.74 20.80 26.29 22.75
3 Abrasion resistance ( Average loss
in thickness in cm) 0.90 0.82 0.72 0.24
0.79
4 Impact Resistance
( height of impact resistance in
cm) 27 30 39 50 30
18 Graph
water absorbption
4

3.5

3
% water absorption

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

% waste plastic
19

Transvers strength
30

25
Transverse strength N/mm2

20

15

10

0
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

% waste plastic
20

Abrasion Resistance
1

0.9

0.8
Aversge loss in thickness cm

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

% Waste Plastic
21
Resistance to impact
60

50
Height of impact resistance in cm

40

30

20

10

0
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

% of waste plastic
Flow Chart Of Making of Plastic Tiles Making of plastic tiles by
cutting plastic in small pieces
Literature Survey

Finalization Of Topic
• Construction Of Economical Tiles Using By Waste Material

Methodology

• The Methodology adopted for producing Plastic floor tiles using plastic waste involves following steps
• Making of Plastic Tiles Using Waste Plastic Collected from Fertilizer Bags, Plastic Wires and Waste Tyre Tubes (Polypropylene, Polyurethane,
Thermoplastic and Polyester)

• Plastic Collection
• The plastic waste for recycling where collected by using amazon packging and other shop with LDPE label on it

• Manual Sorting
• Each plastic waste type was sepertaed from each other and unwanted material where removed from waste all other plastic abgs which
where not LDPE where removed

• Shredding
• The plastic waste where in cut in to the smaller pieces using scissors and cutter

• Washing
• The plastic where then washed to remove glue dirt and remains of product they contain once
23 • Making of the moluld
• To give the molten plastic its final shaped of tiles a mould was made this was manufacture by welding ms plate toghtere and hammer was
manufactured to applied vertical force and compress the molten plastic to make it compacted

• Mixing Material
• The shredded plastic was used as replcment of fine aggregate at 5% ,10% and 15 %.
• The plastic size used in this process is of less than 4.75 mm
• All material shredde plastic , fine aggregate , cemcnt is mixed well up till homogenius to be found and the mixture is poured in to mould

• Demould
Once the mould is completely prepared and tiles is hard then the tiles was removed from mould.
24 Material
 Solid plastic
 LDPE –Low Density Polymer Plastic
 Waste Tyre tube ( In Small Pieces)
 Binding Material (Cement )
 Fine aggregate
25 Test will be conducted

 Water Absorbption
 Abrasion test
 Transverse test
 Impact resistance test
26 Expected Result

SR.NO TEST TEST RESULT FOR DIFFRENT PERCENTAGE OF CEMCNT

    30 40 50 60

1 WATER ABORPTION (%) 4.10 4.60 5.20 5.85

2 TRASNVERS RESRITANCE (N/mm2) 13.70 17.55 26.80 31.05

3 ABRASION RESISTANCE (CM) 0.90 0.82 0.72 0.24

4 IMPACT RESISTANCE (CM) 31 34 41 55

27 WATER ABSROBPTION
7

WATER ASBROPTION IN %
4

0
30 40 50 60

PERCNATGE OF CEMENT
28 Transvres Resistance
35

30

25
Transverse resistance in N/mm2

20

15

10

0
30 40 50 60

% of cement
29
Transvres Resistance
35

30

25
Transverse resistance in N/mm2

20

15

10

0
30 40 50 60

% of cement
30
Impact Resistance
60

50

40
Imapct resistance in Cm

30

20

10

0
30 40 50 60

% of cement
31 Conclusions of plastic tiles making by melting process.

 With reference to the literature and this study plastic waste can be use as a binding agent instead of
cement in the manufacturing of the tiles in pavement construction etc.
 The waste plastic with proportion of 10% and 20% by weight of sand were found to be insufficient to
prepare tiles.
 With reference to the result shown in table physical properties like water absorption and mechanical
properties like transverse resistance, resistance to impact and abrasion resistance showed improved
property with increased in percentage of waste plastic from 30% to 60%.
 Test result for 50% of waste plastic by weight of sand is found to have transverse resistance near to
normal cement tile and other properties like water absorption resistance resistance and abrasion
resistance where on higher side hence 50% waste plastic contain can be consider an ideal for
preparation on floor tiles using waste plastic as binding agent instead of cement
 Overall the result obtain for waste plastic have shown better result then normal cement tile
32 Conclusion of cement plastic tile .

 The chopped plastic plays an important role in giving fresh mix a better cohesion and it
enables the moulding of corrugated product.
 Addition of plastic gives high compressive strength as compared to normal tile .
 The compressive strength increases up to 45% by replacement of fine aggregate.
 It was found that 5% and 10% of replacement of plastic waste by fine aggregate fails to make
a tile.
 It was noticed that there was reduction in compressive strength in plastic cement tile after
addition of 45% more of plastic in cement.
 There was increase in compressive strength up to 35% of replacement of plastic instead of fine
aggregate in plastic cement tile.
33 PLASTIC TILES ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
ADVATAGES
Plastic tiles are light weighted.
plastic tiles absorb less water
Plastic tiles carry more impact load
Plastic tiles are economical compare than cement
tiles
Plastic tiles are no porous so are its 100%
watertight
Allow to recycling of waste plastic
Due to weather effect plastic tiles dose not effect
to much.
DISADVANTAGES
plastic tiles less fire proof compare than cement
tiles
Plastic tiles not available easily
While manufacturing plastic tiles air pollution are
produced
Plastic may appear strong , but it would deform
under high pressure
Its difficult to drilling to plastic tiles
Plastic tiles does not give to better astatic view as
compare than cement tiles
Plastic tiles required proper design mix.
34 Schedule Of Project
Month Work
7th March 2021 Literature survey till date.

11th March 2021 Finalization Of Topic .

18th March 2021 Collection Of Materials.

26th March 2021 Finalizing of Design Mix.

4th May 2021 to work completion. Preparing and Testing of Specimen.

 REFERENCES
1 Kanchan Basale , “Manufacturing and Testing of Plastic Tiles” , Journal Advance and Scholarly
Researches in Allied Education page no: (48-51)

2 A .Momin , “Plastic Floor Tiles”, journal of student research in technology and management 2018

3 T.awwad momhad & Lina , “The use of plastic in hot asphalt mixer American journal of applied
scicnce” page no: (392-396) 2007

4 K.B. Joy , “making floor tiles from plastic waste” The HINDU online edition of india national
news paper -2007 page no –(4&5)

5 Bureau of Indian standards IS: 15622 “Pressed ceramic tiles – specification (BIS 2006 )” New
Delhi ( India ) ,2006
36
6 Aslam shan , “use of waste plastic in construction of flexbile” ,pavement new budling material &
construction world -2009

7 A.conin , “use of plastic waste in construction of flexbile pavement international journal” of civil
and structure Engg. -2011

8 Anikt aurora, and Urmila Dev, “Utilization of e waste and plastic bottle on concrte international
journal” of student research in technology and management 2013 page no : (7-8)

9 Athans konin , “use of plastic waste as binding matrial in manufacturing of tiles , material and
sturcutre” Decmber (2011) page no : 189-193

10 Viraj jisale utilaztion of waste plastic in manufacturing of plastic sand tiles Novmber 2017 page
no: 470-489
37 Paper publication

 www.irejournal.com
 www.westaid.org
 www.spire2030.in
 www.reserchgate.com
38

Thank You