Contribution of Indian

Mathematicians to
Mathematics
Dr. Pooja Raj Verma
Assistant Professor
Department of Mathematics
Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi
The famous scientist Galileo stated that

“Mathematics is the language with which god wrote the universe”

and
“The book of nature is written in the language of Mathematic”

The Neil Degrasse Tyson stated that

“Math is the language of the universe. So the more equations you know, the more
you can converse with the cosmos”
 
 Contribution of Aryabhata
• Discovery of zero
• Calculated the value of Pi() = 3.1416
• Derived the correct formulas for calculating the areas of triangles
and circles and also volume of the sphere.
• Defined the sine (jya), cosine (kojya) and inverse sine (otkram).
• Summation of series of squares and cubes
cont…
• Stated that Earth is spherical and revolves around the sun
• Explained Solar and lunar eclipses were also scientifically. He
explains eclipses in terms of shadows cast by and falling on
Earth.
• Aryabhata calculated the sidereal rotation (the rotation of the
earth referencing the fixed stars) as 23 hours, 56 minutes, and
4.1 seconds; the modern value is 23:56:4.091.
• He calculated the length of the sidereal year as 365 days, 6
hours, 12 minutes and 30 seconds. The actual value shows that
his calculations were an error of 3 minutes and 20 seconds over
a year.
Bhāskaracharya
 Contribution of Bhāskaracharya
• Wrote a book “Siddhanta Shiromani”, which is divided
into four parts called Lilawati, Bijaganit, Grahaganita
and Goladhyaya. All these parts deal with arithmetic,
algebra, mathematics of planets and spheres, respectively.
• He was the first to give that any non-zero number divided
by zero (0) gives infinity (00).
• He wrote, “The hundredth part of the circumference of a
circle seems to be straight. Our earth is a big sphere and
that’s why it appears to be flat.”
• He calculated derivatives of Trigonometric functions
and formulae
• He developed spherical trigonometry along with a number
of other trigonometric results
Contribution of Ramanujan

• Contributions to the mathematical analysis, number theory,

infinite series, and continued fractions,
• Ramanujan independently compiled nearly 3,900
results (mostly identities  and equations).
• Investigated the series Σ(1/n)
• Ramanujan’s number:
1729 =
use of Vedic mathematics
 multiply 35 11
Step one Step two

35 3+5

3 5 3 8 5

65 11 = 715
89 11 = 979
multiply 99 95
99 -01
95 -05
94 05

multiply 104 102

104 +04
102 +02
106 08
Thank you…