PSYCHOLOGY Marie Antoinette B.

Badilles
 PSYCHOLOGY’S DEFINITION
OF THE SELF
Originally a branch of philosophy then transformed
into a science.
Characteristic behavior and traits of one person. This
is entirely unique to that person.
It could also be defined by cognitive and affective.
Earliest known description is the “I” as the knower
and the “Me” as the known person.
 WILLIAM JAMES
An American psychologist, he conceptualized the “Me-self”
and the “I-self”.
Me-self is the self that is consciously experiencing the world.
I-self is the self that processes these experiences.
For him, the self can be understood through: its constituents,
the emotional reactions they invoke, and the behavioral
responses.
The self can be divided into: the material self, social self, and
spiritual self.
 CARL ROGERS
One of the earliest and significant figures in
psychology.
A practitioner, he applied the person-centered
therapy. A form of non-directive intervention because
it believes in the innate ability of humans to grow.
He theorized: the perceived self (self-worth), the real
self (self image), and the ideal self (aspired self).
CARL ROGERS (1959) ASSERTED THAT SELF-CONCEPT
HAS THREE DIFFERENT COMPONENTS:

Your self- image or the view you have of yourself influenced by external factors
such as expectations from the significant others.

Your self-esteem or self worth is the value you assign to yourself

The ideal self is what you desire or expect of the self

 UNIFIED AND MULTIPLE SELF
Sigmund Freud believed that the self is divided into the Id, Ego,
and Super Ego.
For Freud, the self is unified by these three distinct components.
For Kenneth Gergen, post modern theorist,
he believes that the self has multiple self.
We tend to react to the situation we are
brought in, hence we adapt. For him, having
Only one self-concept maybe unhealthy.
 DONALD WINNICOTT
This man theorized the theory of the true self and the fake (or
false) self.
During early infancy we are simple beings. We react
genuinely in our environment.
As we grow older, we develop a form of defense, hence the
fake self. This exists as a cover from the true self.