Leadership

DR. A. HANS
 TOPICS:
2

1. Concept: Importance
2. Trait theories,
3. Behavioral theories (Ohio and Michigan studies),
4. Contingency theories (Fiedler, Hersey and Blanchard, Path-
Goal)
 CONCEPT :
3

The term of leadership can also be defined as an

activity or the ability of leading people towards the
achievement of a common goal ............(Gold et al.,
2010)

Leadership is the ability to influence thoughts and

actions.
Leadership is setting clear direction in the face of
uncertainty.
 IMPORTANCE:
4

1. Motivating Employees
2. Creating Confidence
3. Building Morale
4. Achieving goals
 Leadership5 Theories

1. Charismatic Leadership Theory

2. Trait Theory
3. Behavioral Theory
4. Situational Theory
CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP THEORY: --
Gift
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Also known as “Great Man Theory”

Charismatic leadership style requirements

1.Sensitivity to their environment and the needs of
their employees or followers
2.Articulate and visionary
3.Inclined toward personal risk taking
4.Adept at using unconventional behavior
 TRAIT THEORY:
7

 Innate Qualities:
1. Physical Features
2. Intelligence

 Acquirable Qualities:
1. Emotional Stability
2. Human Relation
3. Empathy
4. Objectivity
5. Motivating Skills
6. Technical Skills
7. Communicative Skills
8. Social Skills
 BEHAVIOURAL THEORY:
8

Based on the Work of Michigan Ohio State University

the two extreme leadership have been reported
based on behavior of the leaders
1. Task Related function (Task oriented)
2. Group Maintenance Functions (Employee
oriented)
 SITUATIONAL / CONTIGENCY THEORY:
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Concept: There is no one best leadership

styles/theories. Leadership effectiveness is based on
situational factors also
Leaders Behavior:
1.Leaders Characteristics
2.Leaders Hierarchical Position (Position Power)
Situational Factors:
1.Subordinate Characteristics
2.Group Factors
3.Organizational Factors
 LEADERSHIP THEORIES & STYLES
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Based on Behaviour Approach

1. Power orientation
2. Leadership As a continuum
3. Employer Oriented & production orientation
4. Likerts Management System
5. Managerial Grid
6. Tri Dimensional Grid

Based on Situational Approach

1. Fiedler’s Contingency model
2. Hursey and Blanchard's situational model
3. Path goal model
 Leadership Styles based on Power:
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1.Autocratic Leadership

1.Strict Autocrat
2.Benevolent Autocrat
3.Incompetent Autocrat

2.Participative Leadership
3.Free-rein Leadership
LEADERSHIP AS A CONTINUUM
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Likerts Management System
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Managerial Grid
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Tri Dimensional Grid
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Task & Relationship orientation

Tri Dimensional Grid
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Continued..........
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Fiedlers Contingency model
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Hursey and Blanchards situational
model
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Path goal theory model
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 Contemporary Leadership styles
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1. Transformational Leadership
2. Transactional Leadership
LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:
22
 QUESTIONS:
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1. How will you define leadership as a process of influence? Wha are its
variuos features?
2. " A good leader is not necessarily a good manager." Discuss this
statement and compare leadership with management.
3. What is a charismatic leadership and what are the qualities of a
charismatic leader?
4. What are the leadership qualities that you would look for in a
manager? Distinguish between innate and acquirable qualities with
examples.
5. " Leadership is situational". Explain this statement by bringing out
the situational factors important for effective leadership.
6. What do you mean by leadership style? How can leadership styles be
decided based on the use of power and authority?
 QUESTIONS Continued..............
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1. What is managerial grid as provided by Blake and Mouton?

What are the various leadership styles in this grid. Which
combination of the style do you think the best and why?
2.What are the various situational factors in Fiedlers
Contingency model of leadership? How do they affect
leadership styles?
3.What do you mean by leadership development? Discuss the
ingredients and process involved in leadership
development.