1.

3 The Mechanism of Blood Clotting

To

prevent excessive blood loss from the body. To maintain blood pressure to ensure proper blood circulation. To prevent the entry of microorganisms and foreign particles. To promote wound healing

The necessity for blood clotting

Blood Clotting Mechanism

 When

a blood vessel is damaged,the connective tissue in the vessel wall is exposed to blood. Plateletes become sticky and clump together to plug the wound known as platelet plug. A platelet plug can stop blood loss completely(small vessel damage). Thromboplastins,calcium & vit K are activators and they convert prothrombin(inactive plasma protein) to thrombin(active).

 Thrombin

converts soluble plasma protein fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin fibres. It forms meshwork of threads over the wound. As the blood flows out,erythrocytes & platelets are trapped in the fibrin fibres & a blood clot forms. It dries to form scab. When the wound heals,new skin is formed and the scab peels off.

Fibrin forming a mesh that traps red blood cells

Problems related to blood clotting

HAEMOPHOLIA Caused by a lack of certain clotting factors in the blood. The afflicted person may dieexcessive bleeding.

THROMBOSIS
A local blood clot(thrombus) is formed on the rough inner wall of artery. Cause blockage of artery(thrombus) When thrombus dislodges & carries away by blood circulation known as embolus. Embolus trapped in artery-blocks the blood flow. Lead to heart attack & stroke.

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PREPARED BY: SYAHIRA BT AHMAD DAUD NUR SYAHIRA ATIQAH BT MAHDI MOHD NURAMIN BIN JAMAL