10.

4 MECHANISM
OF BLOOD
CLOTTING
 RUI YEN
 FAREESA
 IQMAH
 The Necessity For Blood Clotting
Mechanism
 To restrict bleeding temporarily.
 To stop or minimise the loss of blood on the injured blood vessel.
 Also prevents microorganisms such as bacteria from entering the
blood stream through the damaged blood vessel.
 The blood pressure is also maintained because excessive blood
loss will lower blood pressureto a dangerous level.
 Mechanism Of Blood Clotting
 Blood clotting involves a series of chemical reactions that takes place in the blood when someone
injured to prevent bleeding excessive.
 The coagulated platelets, damaged cells and clotting factors in the blood plasma will form an
activator (thrombokinase). Thrombokinase, with the aid of calcium ions and vitamin K,converts
prothrombin to thrombin.

Prothrombin Thrombin (active plasma protein that acts as

(inactive plasma an enzyme). Thrombin catalyses the
protein) conversionof fibrinogen to fibrin

Fibrinogen
(soluble) Fibrin (insoluble)
Mechanism Of Blood Clotting
 when the blood vessels are damaged, the connective tissue in
the lining of the ducts will be exposed to blood

o INJURED TISSUE
• platelets will attach to collagen fibers
o PLATLET CLUMPS
• platelets clump and fill the wound area
• platelet clots, damaged cells and freezing factors will
activate thrombokinase
o THROMBOKINASE
• thrombokinase is aided by vitamin k and calcium, to
convert prothrombin to thrombin
o FIBRIN FORMATION
• thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen (soluble) to fibrin (insoluble)
• fibrin forms a tissue on the surface of the wound to prevent erythrocytes from coming out of the bloodstream
• blood clots and scabs form to close the wound
 Health Issues Related To Blood Clotting
Haemophilia
• Hemophilia A and B are
conditions that occur
when there are low levels
of clotting factors in your
blood.
• It causes heavy or
unusual bleeding into the
joints.
• Though hemophilia is
rare, it can have life-
threatening complications.
Thrombosis
• Formation of a blood clot
(Thrombus)
• Blood blocks in the blood vessel
• If blood clots in the coronary
arteries, coronary thrombosis
can cause a heart attack
• Blood clots in the bloodstream
to arteries that are too small
cause clogged arteries. If it
occurs in the brain, it will cause
a stroke
Embolism
• When a blood clot is
transported by blood
flow, the blood clot is
called embolus
• If the embolus gets
stuck in a tiny blood
vessel, the blood flow
will stop
What’s The Difference Between
Thrombosis And Embolism
 Thrombosis is when a blood clot travels through your vascular system and gets stuck. This reduces the flow of
blood getting where it needs to go.
 Embolism, on the other hand, is similar in the fact that it is a blood clot (or foreign body) that gets stuck in your
vascular system.

Thrombosis Embolism