RAN Architecture and

Products
Gopichand Kongara
Technical Solutions Manager
Agenda
 Introduction
 RBS
 RNC
 Transport/RXI

Commercial in confidence 2 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

WCDMA Radio Access Network

Commercial in confidence 3 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Agenda
 Introduction
 RBS
 RNC
 Transport/RXI

Commercial in confidence 4 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RBS models - Overview

Release
2006

Outdoor RBS 3106 Macro Micro Main-Remote

Indoor RBS 3206 Macro RBS 3303 w. RRU22

Commercial in confidence 5 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RBS 3206 Macro Indoor
Radio
 1x1 to 3x3 @ 40 W per carrier
 Dual Band
 Output Power: 20 to 80 W configurations
 Channel Element: UL/DL 1536/1536 CE
 Tx-diversity, 4-way RX-diversity
 HSDPA
 Prepared for Enhanced Uplink
Transport
 Up to 40 E1/T1/J1 ports or 16 STM-1 ports
 IP option
 Hub functionality with AAL2 switching
Size and Weight
 Size: 1950x600x400 mm
 Weight: 150 kg (3x1 config)
Power Supply
 Power Supply: +24, -48 VDC, AC
Mains
 Power consumption 3x1 40 W: typ 1.0 kW
Commercial in confidence 6 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26
Inside RBS 3206
FCU

DC-filt/
DCCU
ACCU/
DCCU
Connection plates
24 48 for external signals

P Filter units
D F F F F F F
U U U U U U U with antenna RF connections
2
1 2 3 4 5 6
Cable shelf
B

P P
D R R R R R R Radio units
U U U U U U U
1
1 2 3 4 5 6
Cable shelf

RRRRRR RRRRRR
EE EE
AAAAA A R R AAAAA A T T
Digital shelf for
C T T XXXXX X C
/ / TT U U T T XXXXX X / /
B GG / / / / / / X X / / / / / / B
I I XX GGGGGGGG
U P PGGGGGG PP U
F F PPPPP PB B
base-band and
PPPPP P
BB
BBBBB B BBBBB B

P
P
transmission cards
AUH
P
P

PSUPSUPSUPSU
R R R Radio units
U U U

7 8 9 Power Supply Unit

98

Commercial in confidence 7 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RBS 3106 Macro Outdoor
Radio
 1x1 to 3x3 @ 40 W per carrier
 Dual Band
 Output Power: 20W/40 W per carrier
 Channel Element: UL/DL 1536/1536 CE
 Tx-diversity, 4-way RX-diversity
 HSDPA
 Prepared for Enhanced Uplink
Transport
 T1, T3, OC3
 IP option
 Hub functionality with AAL2 switching
Size and Weight
 Size: 63 1/2 x 51 1/5 x 37
in
 Weight (3x1 carrier): 1230 lbs (excl. batt.)
Power Supply
 Power Supply: AC Mains
 Power consumption 3x1 40W: typ 1.7
kW
Commercial in confidence 8 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26
 Inside RBS 3106
F
C
U
Power Bar

S P P
Power supply units A P
U PSUPSUPSUPSU BFU Spare A D D
EE
RRRRRR
A A A AA A
C T T X X X XX X
R
RRRRRR
EE
R A AAAA A T T
C
Digital shelf for
H R
E
U U
/ /

U P PGGGGGG
TT U
B GG / / / / / / X X
I
U T T X XXXX X / /
/ / / / / /
I X XGGGGGGGG
B
PP U
base-band and
1 2 F F P P P P P PB B
transmission cards
P P P PP P
BB
B B B BB B B BBBB B

cable shelf
cable shelf

Battery
R R R R R R R R R
U U U U U U U U U
Radio units
Optional batteries
7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6

D
u F F F F F F Filter units with antenna
m
RF connections
Battery
U U U U U U
XALM m
ACCU y 1 2 3 4 5 6

Connection field for RF cable inlets

external signals OVP

Commercial in confidence 9 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RBS 3303 Micro
 Capacity
– 1 carrier/cabinet at 20W
– Max 256/256 Channel Elements (DL/UL)
 Dimensions
– 15.8 x 13.4 x 22.8 in (WxDxH)
– 95 lbs (incl. batteries)
 Power
– -48 VDC or 100-240 VAC
– Backup Time > 1 Minute (option)
– Power Consumption (AC):
 Peak 750 W (with heater during cold start)
 Typical 350 W

Commercial in confidence 10 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Channel Element Boards

Separate channel element Boards for DL and UL

Down Link (DL), or TXB CE

 Up to 2 Boards in Macro RBS

 DL BB Board = 256 CE-R99 + HSDPA
Up Link (UL), RAXB
 Up to 8 Boards in Macro RBS
384 kb/s
 UL BB Board = 128 CE CE

64 kb/s
Channel Element (CE) Consumption
CS/PS RAB Downlink Uplink
CE
Speech 1 1
64 Kbps 2 4
128 Kbps 4 8 Carrier #2 (5MHz)
384 Kbps 8 16
Carrier #1 (5MHz)

Commercial in confidence 11 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Agenda
 Introduction
 RBS
 RNC
 Transport/RXI

Commercial in confidence 12 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RNC main tasks in network

• Manage the Radio Access

Bearers for user data transport

• Manage and optimize Radio

Network resources

• Control user mobility

Commercial in confidence 13 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

 The 3 RNC Roles

Core Network Core Network Core Network

Iu Iu Iu Iu Macro Iu Iu
UTRAN UTRAN Diversity UTRAN
RNS SRNS DRNS SRNS Combining/ RNS RNS
splitting
Iur Iur Iur
RNC SRNC DRNC SRNC function CRNC CRNC

Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub Iub

Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B

UE UE

SRNC DRNC CRNC

• Each connected mode UE is • Inter RNC soft handover requires • Each RNC acts as
controlled by a Serving RNC a second RNC to be involved Controlling RNC (CRNC) for
(SRNC) • Such an RNC lending resources the directly connected Node
• The SRNC terminates Iu to an SRNC for a specific UE acts B’s and their cells
towards the CN as a Drift RNC (DRNC). • The CRNC controls the radio
• The SRNC terminates Uu L2 resources of its cells
UP & CP towards UE

Commercial in confidence 14 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RNC 3810
 RNC subracks housed in BYB 501 cabinet
 Small footprint: Size H x W x D (mm) 1800 x 600 x 400
 No rear or side access required
 Processing capacity increase with new
hardware modules
 Two Subrack Types
 Main
 Extension
 Scalable capacity
 1-6 subracks in 1-2 cabinets
 Only 6 basic board types
 Common platform, CPP
 HW designed for any mix of traffic (CS/PS)
 Hot expansion & repair, Redundant HW and Soft SW upgrade
Commercial in confidence 15 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26
CPP Subrack
 Up to 28 boards per subrack
–Two Switch Core Boards (SCBs)
–15 mm board spacing
–PBA size 225 × 265 mm
 Generic Slots
–26 general device boards
 19" subrack
–Based on BYB 501
–Hot insertion of boards
Fan
–All connectors on board front
–EMC-shielded subracks
–Fan cooled (2 fans)
–Redundant power -48V

400
mm

Cable shelf & air inlet

250mm

450mm

Commercial in confidence 16 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Boards in the RNC
 GPB – General purpose processor board
…. used to implement the Main Processor
 SPB – Special purpose processor board
…. used to process data streams in the user plane
 SCB – Switch control board
…. ATM switch, inter subrack communication
 SXB – Switch extension board
…. inter subrack communication extension
 TUB – Timing unit board
…. timing reference, system clock
 ETB – transmission interface boards
…. different implementation variants depending on interface type to
support

Commercial in confidence 17 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

High Availability

Main subrack Extension Extension Extension

subrack 1 subrack 2 subrack n

SCB SCB SCB SCB

G S T S G S G S G S
E E E E
P P U X P P P P P P
T T T T
B B B B B B B B B B

SCB SCB SCB SCB

 Fully redundant HW GPB General purpose Processor

SPB Special purpose Processor

 Distributed processing in clusters TUB Timing Unit Board

ET Exchange Terminal
SCB Switch Control Board
 “No impact” on single HW failure SXB Switch Extension Board

Commercial in confidence 18 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Multi Processor system

 Main Processor (MP)

 High service level
 Intended for central control and resource
handling SW and for management services RNC Subrack
 MP Cluster
Give redundancy on program level
Enable SW Upgrade during BP BP
execution MP
ETB SXB
GPB

BP BP
 Board Processor (BP) MP MP
TUB GPB GPB SCB
 Aimed for board controlling SW
 Slightly lower service level Main Processor Cluster
SP BP
SP
SP
SP
SPB SP
 Special purpose Processor (SP)
 Aimed for data stream processing and signaling

Commercial in confidence 19 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RNC 3810 Configurations (HW release 4)
 These RNC types (configurations) were available when Cingular
selected RNC’s for their launch (prior to P1)
 The “type” figure reflects maximum Iub (in Mbps) capacity
– From 26,000 to 251,000 subs
– Up to 540 RBSs per node
– Max Iub traffic from 35 Mbps to 435 Mbps

Type Type Type Type Type Type

35 115 195 275 355 435

Types selected by Cingular for launch

Commercial in confidence 20 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RNC Capacity (Cingular current types)
    RNC 3810 RNC 3810  
type 195 type 435

Mixed Subscribers 156 000 351 000 #

traffic
values BHCA 298 000 671 000 #

Iu 64 145 Mb/s

Iur 4 9 Mb/s

Iub 97 217 Mb/s

Voice 3 120 7 020 Erlang

UDI64 480 1 070 Erlang

PS data 22 50 Mb/s

Max. Iub 195 435 Mb/s

values
RBS 264 540 #

Cells 792 1,620 #

Cabinets 1 2 #

Commercial in confidence 21 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Agenda
 Introduction
 RBS
 RNC
 Transport/RXI

Commercial in confidence 22 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

WCDMA Radio Access Network

3GPP: RBS =Node B

Iu=Iu CS and Iu PS
Iu PS -> Gb in GPRS
Iu CS -> A in GSM

Commercial in confidence 23 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

RXI 820 ATM/AAL2 switch

 Ericsson ATM node designed and

optimized for 3G/WCDMA networks
 Fully distributed HW support of all
real-time critical functions
 Telecom grade availability -
no single point of failure
 Small footprint
 Common platform to RNC, RBS &
RXI means synergies for O&M,
training and spare part
management

Unique AAL2 Switching functionality saves

up to 65% of the transmission link capacity

Commercial in confidence 24 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Transmission Medium Flexibility

AT
M Optical Fibre
Copper

mini Microwave connection mini

link link

TDM PDH TDM

MUX MUX

SDH SDH SDH

ADM ADM

xDSL xDSL xDSL

modem modem
RNC 3810
CEoIP
IP CEoIP
End-RBS 3000

Interface options: Hub-RBS 3000

E1/T1/J1, E3/T3, STM-1(VC4)/OC-3c, STM-1(VC12)/OC-3(VT-1.5) RXI 820

Commercial in confidence 25 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Transport Channel Hierarchy RBS-RNC

User Plane User Plane

DCH
PCH, RACH, FACH
AAL2 VC VC AAL2 DCH
PCH, RACH, FACH

Physical
ALCAP AAL5 VC VP layer
VP VC AAL5 ALCAP

NBAP-Common AAL5 VC VC AAL5 NBAP-C

NBAP-Dedicated AAL5 VC VC AAL5 NBAP-D

Mub AAL5 VC VC AAL5 Mub

Sync AAL0 VC VC AAL0 Sync

el

el
r

r
D on
/S issi l

ye
ye

DH m ca
nn

nn
th

th
La

Pa

Pa

La
(P ans ysi
ta TM

ta TM
H)
ha

ha
C

C
Tr Ph
n

n
al

al
ap A

ap A
io

io
rtu
rtu
al

al
rtu

rtu
Vi
Vi
Vi

Vi
Ad

Ad

Commercial in confidence 26 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Iub Networking Alternatives

PDH/SONET ATM Cross AAL2 Switching

Solutions Connect Solutions Solutions

Commercial in confidence 27 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

 Ericsson RAN Network Infrastructure
No AAL2 Switching
Without AAL2 Switching gives peak allocated
links
• CBR ATM connections for
the RBS-RNC traffic are set
up individually
• Capacity requirements
decided by traffic peak case

RBS site
Transmission
infrastructure
ATM connection
for WCDMA traffic

Commercial in confidence 28 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

 Ericsson RAN Network Infrastructure
AAL2 Switching
enables sharing link
With AAL2 Switching capacity for many
• RBS-RNC traffic can share RBS’s, enabling
capacity on aggregated links savings of up to 65%

• Redundancy achieved by
AAL2 load sharing
• QoS separation to ensure
preferential treatment for
voice over R99 PS over
HSDPA Nodes performing
• Efficient RNC port AAL2 Switching
expansion

RBS site
Transmission
infrastructure
Achieving similar benefits as of routed IP networks while preserving
ATM connection
for WCDMA traffic strict radio characteristics requirements of e.g. delay & delay variation

Commercial in confidence 29 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Iub RAN Topologies

Hub RBS
Hub RBS / RXI
Hub RBS / RXI
/ RXI

Hub RBS
/ RXI

RBS
 Iub network topologies using ATM/AAL2
RBS functionality in RBS and RXI
 Verified on network level

Commercial in confidence 30 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26

Commercial in confidence 31 RAN Architecture and Products 2005-09-26