PRESTRESSED

CONCRETE DESIGN
The Philosophy of Design
Design Vs. Analysis
Design implies an unknown product, while analysis implies investigating or reviewing a
finished or proposed product.
Design – is to create, to put together something new, to re-arrange thigs in a new way.
Analysis- also called investigation or review process.
- it is concerned with assessing the response of the structure to the
application of loadings.
-It deals in part with the determination of stresses and stress of force
resultants and in part with checking if the structure satisfies acceptable
design criteria.
-it is often done by comparing actual findings with corresponding limits
and ranges recommended in prevailing codes.
-analysis process is easier than the design process since it involves no
unknown.
The Philosophy of Design
Design Objectives
The Philosophy of Design
Given available materials and technologies, a structure must be first of
all feasible. At present, for instance, it is not possible to build a simply
supported prestressed concrete bridge with a main span of more than
about 500 meters. Feasibility and economy often go together. To be
built, proposed design must be reasonably economical in comparison to
the other potential alternatives. Assuming the above objectives are
within range, a structure must be safe, that is, it should not collapse
under loads foreseeable during its service life. It should also be
serviceable, that is, it should properly under load and render the service
for which it was built. A prestressed beam maybe completely safe, yet
unserviceable if it undergoes very large cambers. Similarly, a water tank
may be safe but unserviceable if it cracks and leaks substantially.
The Philosophy of Design
LOADS
Loads for design purposes are classified into two main categories:
Dead Loads(also identified as permanent loads) and
Live loads( also identified as transient loads).
Dead loads – it includes primarily the self-weight of the structure and any
permanent component such as tiles, false ceiling, and partitions. They assumed
to remain constant during the life of the structure.
Live loads – are loads that are variable n nature and fluctuate with time. They
include (1)occupancy loads caused by people, furnishings, or movable objects,
(2)vehicle loads such as trucks or trains, (3)snow, rain, water, ice, wind, earth
pressure, temperature loads, effects of earthquakes, and the like.