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  • Urea Cycle

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    Akash Joe
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    The urea cycle is a biochemical pathway that converts the toxic ammonia produced in the body into the less toxic urea. The cycle involves two key steps - transamination which transfers ammonia from tissues to the liver via amino acids and blood, and oxidative deamination which removes ammonia groups in the liver to form urea, which is excreted in urine. Glutamine synthetase in astrocytes converts ammonia into glutamine to remove it from the brain, preventing cerebral edema.

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    UREA CYCLE

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    The urea cycle is a biochemical pathway that converts the toxic ammonia produced in the body into the less toxic urea. The cycle involves two key steps - transamination which transfers ammonia from tissues to the liver via amino acids and blood, and oxidative deamination which removes ammonia groups in the liver to form urea, which is excreted in urine. Glutamine synthetase in astrocytes converts ammonia into glutamine to remove it from the brain, preventing cerebral edema.

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    8 views4 pages

    Urea Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Akash Joe
    The urea cycle is a biochemical pathway that converts the toxic ammonia produced in the body into the less toxic urea. The cycle involves two key steps - transamination which transfers ammonia from tissues to the liver via amino acids and blood, and oxidative deamination which removes ammonia groups in the liver to form urea, which is excreted in urine. Glutamine synthetase in astrocytes converts ammonia into glutamine to remove it from the brain, preventing cerebral edema.

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    Urea Cycle;

    Biochemical pathway that converts Ammonia [into Urea

    Ammonia Urea

    Water Insoluble. Water Soluble.

    Highly Toxic. Less Toxic compared to


    ammonia.

    N
    + (Ammonium)

    • In the brain there is a particular type of cells called astrocytes, they produce an enzyme called
    Glutamine Synthetase
    • This enzyme converts Glutamate into Glutamine in the presence of ammonium ion.

    • Glutamine is “osmotically active” so when it is present in the brain it pulls from the blood into
    the brain, this causes cerebral oedema.
    1. TRANSAMINATION
    2. OXIDATIVE DEAMINATION

    1. Transamination;
    Transfer of an amine group from an amino acid to a keto acid (amino acid without an
    amine group). So that excess nitrogen can be carried to the liver via blood. (Happens outside of the
    liver)

    2. Deamination;
    Removal of an amine group as ammonia.(Happens inside liver)
    UREA CYCLE
    P

    ATP

    ADP

    Via Blood

    Excreted
    Via urine

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