Presentation

on

“MODIFIED BITUMEN”
 CONTENTS

• Introduction

• Advantages of Modified Bitumen

• General Requirements of Modifiers

• Types of Modified Bitumen

• Conclusions
 INTRODUCTION
• Bitumen is a hydrocarbon material
• Occurance - Natural or arificially
• Solubility - Carbon disulphide (CS2) and Carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) .
• Grades of bitumen - Paving grade, Industrial grade
• Applications - highway construction because of their binding and water
proofing properties.
Different forms of Bitumen
• Paving grade bitumen
• Cutback bitumen
• Bitumen emulsion
• Modified bitumen
 MODIFIED BITUMEN
Certain additives or blend of additives called as bitumen modifiers can

improve properties of Bitumen and bituminous mixes. Bitumen treated

with these modifiers is known as Modified Bitumen.

The advantages of using modified bitumen are as follows

• Lower susceptibility

• Higher resistance to deformation

• Better age resistance properties

• Higher fatigue

• Better adhesion between aggregates and binder

• Prevention of cracking
General Requirements of Modifiers
• Compatability
• Resist degradation of bitumen
• Capable of being processed
• Viscosity
• Maintain premium properties
• Be cost effective
 Type of modifier Examples

Polyethylene (PE), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate

Synthetic Polymers Plastomeric Thermoplastics (EVA),

Ethylene Butyl Acrylate and

Ethylene Tar Polymer (ETP )

Styrene Isopropene Styrene (SIS),

Elastomeric Thermoplastics
Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) block
copolymer, etc...

Synthetic Rubbers Synthetic Rubber Latex Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex and
any other suitable synthetic rubber

Other Rubbers Natural Rubber Latex or rubber powder

Crumb rubber powder from discarded truck

Crumb Rubber tyres further improved by additives like
gilsonite and resin
 CRUMB RUBBER MODIFIED BITUMEN
Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen is conventional bitumen with
treated crumb rubber at high temperature
Advantages
• Lower susceptibility to temperature variations
• Higher resistance to deformation at high temperature
• Better age resistance properties
• Higher fatigue life for mixes
• Better adhesion properties
In general crumb rubber is manufactured from the discarded rubber
by two methods
• Ambient grinding
Ambient Crumb Rubber Modifier (CRM) is produced by
grinding rubber to the required sizes at room temperature.
• Cryogenic grinding
Cryogenic CRM is manufactured by freezing rubber using liquid
nitrogen and the embrittled rubber is then shattered to the
required sizes using an impact device.
Dry Process
• In this process, crumb rubber is added to the aggregates prior to bitumen addition.
• Aggregates are heated to 200 to 210˚C, crumb rubber is added and the mixture is
homogenized by mixing for 15 seconds.

• Bitumen is later added to the aggregate-rubber mixture at 140 to 160˚C.

• In the dry process, the crumb rubber particles act more like inert fillers.

Wet Process
• In this process, crumb rubber is added to the binder at elevated temperatures to
produce CRMB which are then used with aggregates.

• Bitumen is heated to approximately 190˚C, crumb rubber is added and the

interaction conditions are maintained for 1 to 4 hours.

• In the wet process, because of the high temperature, increased interaction takes
place, leading to the crumb rubber acting as a part of the binder
CRMB is manufactured in three grades for varying weather conditions
• CRMB – 50
• CRMB – 55
• CRMB – 60
Limitations of CRMB
• Selection of materials
• Temperature requirements are more crucial
• Storage  
 NATURAL RUBBER MODIFIED BITUMEN

•Derived from milky latex

•Purified form - Polyisoprene
•Recycled
Advantages
•Higher Softening Point (55 @ 1% NR)
•Lower Penetration
•Higher Viscosity
•Higher Tensile and Tear Strength
•Higher Resistance to Fatigue
 WASTE PLASTIC MODIFIED BITUMEN
(WPMB)
• Plastic enhances the binding property of the mix.
• Solution for disposal.
• Reduce the need of bitumen by around 10%.
• Increase the strength and performance of the road.
• Reduce the cost to around Rs. 5000/Km.
 PROCEDURE

• Aggregate heated to 165 °C

• Amount of Plastic 8%
• At the mixing chamber shredded plastic is added to coat the
aggregates uniformly.

• Plastic coated aggregate mixed with bitumen at 160 °C and mix

is used for roads.

• Laying temperature is 110 to 120 °C and roller of 8 tonnes is

used.
 Heating Aggregates Aggregates + Shredded Plastic

15

Mixing Bitumen Mix Laying

Advantages of using plastic in making roads
• Better resistance towards rainwater and water stagnation

• Increase binding and better bonding of the mix.

• Reduction in pores in aggregate

• For 1km X 3.75m road, 1 ton of plastic (10 lakh carry bags) is used

• Value addition to the waste plastics.

• The cost of road construction is also decreased.

• Disposal of waste plastic will no longer be a problem.

• Reduce disposal problem.

 Disadvantages of plastic roads
• Cleaning process
• During the road laying process
• After the road laying

CRIERIA FOR CHOSING TYPE OF MODIFIED BITUMEN

• Traffic, climatic conditions and cost
• Minimum pavement and maximum atmospheric temperature
Minimum Pavement Maximum Atmospheric Temperature, ˚C
Temperature, ˚C
< 35 35 – 45 > 45

<10 PMB/NRMB-120, PMB/NRMB-70, PMB/NRMB-70,

CRMB-50 CRMB-55 CRMB-55

10 PMB/NRMB-70, PMB/NRMB-70, PMB/NRMB-40,

CRMB-50 CRMB-55 CRMB-60

>10 PMB/NRMB-70, PMB/NRMB-70, PMB/NRMB-40,

CRMB-55 CRMB-55 CRMB-60

 APPLICATIONS OF MODIFIED BITUMEN
• It is suitable for wearing course, a binder course and overlay material on surfaces
which are cracked and subjected to heavy traffic.

• Modified binders are also used for application like Stress Absorbing Membrane
(SAM) and Stress Absorbing Membrane Interlayer (SAMI)

• Prevents stripping
• Busy intersections
THANK YOU…..