CLASS

OBSERVATION
MATH 8
 MOTIVATION

TOSSING A COIN
ACTIVATING PRIOR KNOWLEDGE (APK)

The spinner on the right is spun. What is the probability of a

spin that results in an even number or a number?
PROBABILITY
OBJECTIVES:
counts the number of occurrences of an outcome in
an experiment through fundamental counting principle;
finds the probability of a simple event; and
solves problems involving probabilities of simple
events.
 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF COUNTING (FPC)

If an event has m possible outcomes or can be done in m

ways, and when it has been done, a second event has n
possible outcomes or can be done in n ways, and when it
has been done, a third event has p possible outcomes or
can be done in p ways, and so forth, then the total
number of outcomes is the product of m, n, and p, and so
forth. That is (m) (n) (p)…
 Example 1.
Find the number of possible outcomes in
a.rolling a die twice,
b.tossing a coin 5 times, and
c.rolling 2 dice
 SOLUTIONS
a. There are 6 outcomes in the first roll and 6 outcomes in the second
roll.
Therefore, the possible outcome = (6) (6) = 36
b. There are 2 possible outcomes when a coin is tossed
Therefore, the possible outcomes = (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) = 32
c. There are 6 outcomes in rolling a dice. 2 dice are rolled and the
outcome of one is not affected by the outcome of the other.
Therefore, the possible outcomes = (6) (6) = 36
 EXERCISE 1
1.A factory makes T-shirts in 5 colors, 4 designs,
and 3 sizes. How many different T-shirts can be
made?
2.Find the number of outcomes when a coin tossed
thrice.
• Probability of Simple Events: If each of the
outcomes in a sample space is equally likely to
occur, then the probability of an event E, denoted
as P(E) is given by
• Example 1. If a card is drawn randomly from a deck of 52 cards, find the
probability of getting:
a. A red card
b. A heart
c. An ace
d. A face cards
e. A number cards
A playing deck of cards have 52 cards
Every card has a colors: heart, diamond, spade, clubs
ACE 8
2 9
3 10
4 JACK
5 QUEEN
6 KING
7
A.

𝟏𝟑𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟏
𝑷 ( 𝑬 )= =
𝟓𝟐𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟒
B.

𝟒𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟏
=
𝟓𝟐 𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟏𝟑
C.

𝟏𝟐 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝟑
𝑷 ( 𝑬 )= =
𝟓𝟐𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟏𝟑
D.

𝟏𝟎𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟓
𝑷 ( 𝑬 )= =
𝟓𝟐𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒅𝒔 𝟐𝟔
2. WHEN A DIE IS ROLLED WHAT IS THE
PROBABILITY OF DRAWING A:

a. Number 2
b.Number 3
c. Number divisible by 3
A.

In a die there is only one 2.

Probability =
B.

In a die there is only one .

Probability =
 C.

In a die there are 2 numbers that are divisible by 3 these are 3 and 6.
EXERCISE

1.A spinner with 6 equally likely outcomes is spined.

The possible outcomes are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. What
is the probability of getting a 5?
2.A die is rolled. What is the probability of getting a
number less than 4?
 EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT:
Directions: Solve the problem involving probabilities. Write your answer in a ½ sheet of paper.

1. A die is tossed. Find the probability of getting:

a. A number multiple of 2.
b. A number divisible by 2.
c. A number 4
d. A number 5.