Mathematical

System
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Geometry
- just like any other mathematical system is
based on undefined terms, unproven
statements (postulates and assumptions) and
theorems. The undefined terms in geometry
are point, line and plane. Even though this
terms are left undefined, they used together
with ordinary words to define other
geometric terms. Space, for example, is
defined as set of all points.

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Point

- A position in space. It has only location but no dimensions, length, width, thickness and
does not occupy an area.
- A point is named using a CAPITAL LETTER and it can be modeled by a dot.

A B C D
- All other geometric figure are made up of a collection of points.

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Line

• A straight continuous arrangement of infinitely many points. Its length is infinite. It extends infinitely in
two directions. It has no thickness.

Arrowheads symbolizes infinity.

• It is named by a single lower case script letter or by any two points on a line (two CAPITAL LETTERS).

d line d d

A B line AB or line BA

Two points determine a line. AB or BA

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Plane
• A flat surface that extends infinitely along its length and width. It is like an “infinite
sheet of paper”. It has length and width but no thickness.

• It is named by a single script CAPITAL LETTER or any three points in the plane which
are not on the same line.
L I
plane D plane LEF

plane LIF plane EFI

plane IFE plane LIFE

At least three non collinear points determine a plane.

D
E F
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Collinear Points
• are points that lie on the same line.

A B C

Points A, B and C are collinear Points

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Non – Collinear Points

• are points that do not lie on the same line.

A B

Points A, B and C are non - collinear points.

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Coplanar Points
• are points that lie in the same plane.

A
C

Points A, B and C are coplanar points.

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Non – Coplanar Points
• are points that do not lie in the same plane.

C
A

Points A, B and C are non – coplanar points.

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Let’s Try!!
A. Tell whether each of the following represents a point, line or a plane.

1. Edge of the ruler 6. The floor of a classroom

2. The tip of the pen 7. Earrings

3. A sheet of paper 8. The tip of the nail

4. Mongo seeds 9. A P100.00

5. A piece of a yarn 10. A broom stick

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 b
Let’s Try!! a

1. Name all the points W X

c
2. Name all the lines using script letter
A
3. What is the other name for a line a?
L
4. Using a script letter, named a planed formed by the four lines. d
Z Y
5. Name the plane in three different ways using three points.

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IV. Assessment
A. Identify what is asked on the following.

1. It is a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions

2. Points that lie on the same line

3. It is a specific location in space that has no dimensions.

4. Points that lie on the same plane

5. It is of infinite length but it is no width and no thickness.

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B. Tell whether each represents a point, a line or a plane.

1. Your desktop 6. Electric Wire

2. The surface of the page of a notebook. 7. The floor

3. The string on a guitar 8. A hair strand

4. The ceiling of a room 9. A rope

5. A broomstick 10. A needle point.

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Thank You

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