MEDIA AND INFORMATION

LITERACY
At the end of the module, you should be able
to:

• contrast indigenous media to the more

common sources of information
• demonstrate an ability to examine and
compare information from various
sources in order to evaluate its
reliability, accuracy, authority,
timeliness, and bias.
I
V
.
Media and Information Sources

• Aside from sources you have on your mind map, below are other
information sources:
1. Library
2. Internet
3. Mass Media
4. Indigenous Media
1. Library
- Using the library, knowledge can be
recorded and preserved in different
media. Some years back, documents
written or printed in paper were
considered as the best medium. But with
the development of science and
technology today electronic multimedia
have been widely used for preservation
of knowledge in the libraries.
The most common kinds of library are:
2. Internet
• The internet has surpassed mass media as the number
source of information. The Internet is powerful, general
and accessible as an information source. It supports
communication via social media, electronic mail (e-
mail), “chat rooms,” newsgroups, and audio and video
transmission and allows people to work at different
locations. It supports access to digital information by
many applications, including the World Wide Web.
However, as useful as it is, the in- ternet has also been
used to spread misinformation, violence, hated and many
other ugly things which makes it inappropriate as
information source on some instances.
3. Mass Media

• Before there was the Internet,

television, or the radio, there
were the television and radio.
Before, the public relied on
writers and journalists to
provide them with the latest
news in current events.
4. Indigenous Media

• This is knowledge that is unique to a given culture

or society. Indigenous media may be defined as
forms of media expression conceptualized,
produced, and circulated by indigenous peoples
around the globe as vehicles for communication,
including cultural preservation, cultural and
artistic expression, political self-determination,
and cultural sovereignty. (Oxford Bibliog- raphies)
Forms of Indigenous Media

• folk or traditional media

• gatherings and social organizations
• direct observation
• records (written, carved, oral instruction)
• Whang-od Oggay (who also goes
by Whang-od or Maria Oggay) is
the Philippines’ last and oldest
“mambabatok” (traditional
Kalinga tattooist). The 102-
year-old artist applies
permanent hand-tapped tattoos
(a concoction made from pine
soot and water) with a few
simple tools: a bamboo
stick, a thorn from the pomelo
tree, water and coal.
• Whang-od and her tattoos are
examples of i n d i g e n o u s
media.
Evaluating Media and Information Sources

• With a wide variety of information sources,

carefully evaluating them is a must. Not all
information is reliable or true. Information
sources vary widely in their authority, accuracy,
objectivity, currency, and coverage. Users must
be able to critically evaluate the appropriateness
of all types of information sources before using
the information. The following are the basic
criteria (based on the work of Paul & Elder) for
evaluating information: