SETS

Harry Potter Book Set Badminton Set Complete Ingredients of Pancake

Which does not belong to the group?
(Kindergarten Edition)
Which does not belong to the group?
(High School Edition)
Try Exploration #1 – 10, p. 2
Common properties of remaining
objects
1. Kalesa - Transport that use gas
2. Chicken - Mammals
3. Batangas - Provinces in Region 3
4. Hexagon - 4 sided polygons
5. Square meter - Measure of length
6. 11 - Even numbers
7. 1.5 - Equivalent to 1/2
SETS
• Well-defined collection of objects
There is basis in determining whether the object is an
element of the set or not

• Objects are called elements or members of the

set
Example: Set of even numbers

8 is a member of the set

11 is not a member of the set
Well-defined sets Vs. Not well-defined sets
Remember!
A set is well-defined if there is basis in determining whether the object is an
element of the set or not

Well-defined sets Not well-defined sets

▪ Set of months in a year ▪ Favorite movie of the year
▪ Set of vowels in the ▪ Best 3 songs of 2022
alphabet ▪ Set of most handsome K-
▪ Set of students in a class Pop actors

Practice and Application 1-5, p. 14

Symbols used to denote sets
• Capital letters (A, B, C, etc.) are used to denote sets.
• Lower case letters (a, b, c, etc.) are used to denote the elements of a set
• The elements of a set are enclosed in braces or brackets
• The symbol   is used to denote an element

Read as:
  A set consisting of elements 2, 4, 6, 8 and
10

Braces are also

called curly
  Read as:
brackets or
squiggly 2 is an element of set B
brackets
Describing sets
A. Roster notation or listing method
Elements are listed inside brackets
 

B. Verbal description method

Describing a set in words

Set B is the set of even numbers equal or less than 10

C. Set Builder Notation

Describing the rule that determine whether an object is an element of a set of
not
Set Builder Notation
▪ Describing the rule that determine whether an object is an element of a
set of not
▪ Describing the properties of the elements in a set

Roster Notation: 

Verbal description: Set B is the set of even numbers equal or less than 10

Set Builder Notation  

Set of all x’s such that X is an even number equal or less than 10
Other symbols used in sets
Empty or Null Sets  

Ellipsis  

Ellipsis are used to indicate that there are elements in the set that
are not written down

   
 Practice and Application 8-9, p. 14
(write verbal description and set builder notation)
 

Practice and Application 11, 14 on p. 14

Based on the given rule, List the elements using roster notation
 
Cardinal Number of a Set
Cardinal number of a Set
• Denoted by n(A)
• Number of elements in a set

Example:  

Number of elements in the set: 5

Notation: n(A) = 5
 Equal Sets vs. Equivalent Sets
n(A) = 5 n(B) = 5
When the sets contain the same
number of elements, then the
sets are equivalent.
Elements in A: a, e, i, o, u
Elements in B: a, e, i, o, u
When the sets contain the same
elements, then the sets are
equal.
 Where we are at right now…
Refer to the given set:
 

1. Identify 1 element in the set and write it using the appropriate

symbol
2. Identify 1 element that is not a member of the set and write it
using the appropriate symbol
3. How many elements are in the set? Express it using
appropriate symbols
4. Write a builder notation to represent the set
 Where we are at right now…
Refer to the given set:
     

1. Which sets are equal? Express the relationship using

appropriate symbol.

2. Which sets are equivalent? Express that relationship using

appropriate symbol?
Try it 3, p. 5
Identify whether each set is equal, equivalent or neither

 
 Subset and Proper Subset
 
   

   

Set B is a subset of set A if and

only if every element in B is also
an element in A

 
 Determining Subsets
Remember!
▪ Every set is a subset of itself
▪ An empty set is a subset of every set
Determine all possible subsets of the given set:
 

Zero One Two Three

 Intersection of Sets
Rule:
The intersection of sets A and B is a set of elements that
are members of both A and B

Example:      

     

 
Try it 5, p. 7
 Union of Sets
Rule:
The union of sets A and B is a set of elements that are
members of A, or members of B, or members of both A
and B.  

Example:      

     

 
Try it 6, p. 8
 Difference of Two Sets
Rule:
The difference of sets A and B is a set of elements in A
that are not in B
 

Example:    

   

Try it 7, p. 8
 Complement of a set
Universal Set:
The set of all possible elements of any set used in the
problem.
Symbol: 

 
 Complement of a set
 

Example:      

     
 

Try it 8, p. 9
Summary:
Subset of Set:   Elements in A are in B

Intersection of Sets:   Common elements

Union of Sets:   All elements in both sets

Difference of 2 sets:   Elements in A that are not

in B

Complement of Set   Elements in U that are not

in A
Venn Diagram
Subsets:   Elements in A are in B

   

 
  2 3
1

5
4
Venn Diagram
Intersection of Sets:   Common elements
 

 
  10
   
6
  1 7
4
3
 
5 9
2

8
Venn Diagram
Union of Sets:   All elements in both sets
 
 
 
10
   
6
1 7
  4
3
5 9
2
 

8
Venn Diagram
Difference of Two Sets:   Elements in A that are not in B
 

 
10
   
  6
1 7
4
 
3
5 9
  2

8
Venn Diagram
Complement of Set:    
 

 
 
10
 
  6
1 7
4
 
3
5 9
  2

8
Venn Diagram
Complement of Set:    
 

 
 
10
 
  6
1 7
4
 
3
5 9
  2

8
Venn Diagram for 3 or more sets
Intersection of Sets:   Common elements
 

  10
     
1 7
  3 5

2 9
 
6
4
8
 
 
Venn Diagram for 3 or more sets
Union of Sets:   All elements in the sets
 

  10
     
1 7
  3 5

2 9
 
6
4
8
   
Venn Diagram for 3 or more sets
Union of Sets:   Common elements in A
and C that are not in B
 

  10
     
1 7
  3 5

2 9
 
6
4
 
8
   
Venn Diagram for 3 or more sets
Union of Sets:   Elements in the U that are
not intersection of A and C
 

  10
     
1 7
  3 5

2 9
 
6
4
 
8
   
Let’s work with classmates
Work with your assigned group mates and do Try It 10, p.
12

Write your answers in the paper to be provided to you.

Prepare to present your answers to the class.

Time Frame: 15 minutes

QUESTIONS?
Important take-aways for the day

I learned
that…