Parabola

parabola

It is the set of all points in a plane that

are equidistant from a fixed line called the
directrix and a fixed point of the plane
know as the focus.
Graph of Parabola
 General Form of the Equation of a Parabola

The general form of the equation of a parabola

with vertical axis of symmetry is;

Where a, b and c are real numbers

and .
 Standard Form of the Equation of a Parabola

The standard form or vertex form of the

equation of a parabola with vertex at (h, k)
and vertical axis of symmetry is;

Where
Axis of Symmetry

x=h
 Determine the vertex and the axis of
symmetry of each parabola.

a.
b.
c.
 2
𝑦 =2 ( 𝑥 + 2 ) −3
Standard Form
2
𝑦 =𝑎 ( 𝑥 − h ) +𝑘
Vertex: (h, k)
Axis of Symmetry: x = h
Vertex: (-2, -3)
Axis of Symmetry: -2
 2
𝑦 = 𝑥 +8 𝑥 +17
General Form
2
𝑦 =𝑎 ( 𝑥 − h ) +𝑘
2
𝑦 =( 𝑥 + 8 𝑥 )+ 17
𝑦 =¿
𝑦 =( 𝑥 +8 𝑥 +16 ) +17 − 16
2

2
𝑦 = ( 𝑥 + 4 ) +1
Vertex: (h, k) (-4, 1)
Axis of Symmetry: x = h x = -4
 2
𝑦 =− 2 𝑥 − 12General
𝑥 +26 Form
2
𝑦 =𝑎 ( 𝑥 − h ) +𝑘
2
𝑦 =− 2 (𝑥 +6 𝑥 )+26
𝑦 =− 2 ¿
𝑦 =−2 ( 𝑥 +6 𝑥 +9 ) +26 −(− 18)
2

2
𝑦 =− 2 ( 𝑥+3 ) + 44
Vertex: (h, k) (-3, 44)
Axis of Symmetry: x = h x = -3
 2
𝑦 =2 ( 𝑥 + 2 ) −3
Standard Form
2
𝑦 =𝑎 ( 𝑥 − h ) +𝑘
Vertex: (h, k)
Axis of Symmetry: x = h
Vertex: (-2, -3)
Axis of Symmetry: -2
 Sketch the graph of the parabola. Determine the
vertex, axis of symmetry and the direction of
opening of the parabola.
1.
2.
 General Form of the Equation of a Parabola

The general form of the equation of a parabola

with horizontal axis of symmetry is;

Where a, b and c are real numbers

and .
 Standard Form of the Equation of a Parabola

The standard form or vertex form of the

equation of a parabola with vertex at (h, k)
and horizontal axis of symmetry is;

Where
 Other
Properties
of Parabola
 Focus
Axis of Symmetry
Vertical Horizontal
(h, k + p) (h + p, k)
 Directrix
Axis of Symmetry
Vertical Horizontal
y= k - p x=h-p
 Latus Rectum
Axis of Symmetry
Vertical Horizontal
|4p| |4p|
Where p = , and p is the distance from the
vertex to the focus of the parabola.
 2
𝑦 =2 ( 𝑥 − 1 ) Vertical
−1
2
𝑦 =𝑎 ( 𝑥 − h ) +𝑘
𝑎=2 , h=1
1
𝑎𝑛𝑑
1
𝑘=− 1
1
𝑝= = =
4 𝑎 4 (2 ) 8

1 7
𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑠 : ( h , 𝑘 +𝑝 ) →(1 , −1+ ) →(1 ,− )
8 8
1 9
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 : 𝑦= 𝑘 − 𝑝 → 𝑦 = − 1− → −
8 8

𝐿𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚 :∨4 𝑝∨→ ∨4 ( )

1
8
∨→
1
2
 2
𝑥=𝑦 + 2
Horizontal
2
𝑥 =𝑎 ( 𝑦 − 𝑘 ) + h
𝑥 =( 𝑦 ¿ ¿ 2 − 0 )+2 ¿
2
𝑥 =( 𝑦 − 0 ) +2
𝑎=1 , h=2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘= 0
1 1 1
𝑝= = =
4 𝑎 4 (1) 4
 𝑎=1 , h=2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘= 0
1 1 1
𝑝= = =
4 𝑎 4 ( 1) 4

1 9
𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑠 : ( h+𝑝 , 𝑘 ) →(2+ , 0) →( , − 0)
4 4

1 7
𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 : 𝑥 = h − 𝑝 → 𝑥 =2 − →
4 4

𝐿𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚 :∨4 𝑝∨→ ∨4 ( )

1
4
∨→1
 How do we graph the
Parabola?
Geogebra
https://www.geogebra.org/graphing?lang=en

Desmos
https://www.desmos.com/calculator