ELLIPSE

L E S S O N 4 . 1

Precalculus Teacher: Ms. Rinalyn D. Saballe

 determine the standard form equation of an
ellipse with center at (h,k)

Precalculus Lesson 4: Ellipse

 An ellipse is a set of all
coplanar points such that the
sum of its distances from two
fixed points is constant . The
fixed points are called the foci of
the ellipse.

Precalculus Lesson 4: Ellipse

Precalculus Lesson 4: Ellipse
General Equation of ellipse
𝟐 𝟐
𝑨𝒙 + 𝑪𝒚 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎
where, A>0 , C>0 and A≠ 𝐶
 Characteristics of the graph of these ellipses:
Ellipse with foci on a Ellipse with foci on a
Center (h,k) line parallel to the x- line parallel to the y-
axis axis
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
2
+ 2
=1 2
+ 2
=1
Equation 𝑎 𝑏 𝑏 𝑎
Where c= 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 Where c= 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑
a>b 𝑎>𝑏

Vertices (h±𝑎, 𝑘) (h, k±𝑎)

Foci (h±𝑐, 𝑘) (h, k±𝑐)

 Characteristics of the graph of these ellipses:
Ellipse with foci on a Ellipse with foci on a
Center (h,k) line parallel to the x- line parallel to the y-
axis axis
Equation: 𝑦 = 𝑘 Equation: 𝑥 = ℎ
Direction: horizontal Direction: vertical
Major axis
Length: 2a Length: 2a
Endpoints: (h±𝑎, 𝑘) Endpoints: (h, k ± 𝑎)
Equation: 𝑥 = ℎ Equation: 𝑦 = 𝑘
Direction: vertical Direction: horizontal
Minor axis
Length: 2b Length: 2b
Endpoints: (h, k ± 𝑏) Endpoints: (h±𝑏, 𝑘)
 Characteristics of the graph of these ellipses:
Ellipse with foci on a Ellipse with foci on a
Center (h,k) line parallel to the x- line parallel to the y-
axis axis
Equation: 𝑥 = ℎ ± 𝑐 Equation: y= k±𝑐
Direction: vertical Direction: horizontal
2𝑏2 2𝑏2
Length: Length:
Latus rectum 𝑎 𝑎
𝑏2
Endpoints: (h-c, Endpoints: (h± , 𝑘 −
𝑎
𝑏2 𝑏2 𝑏2
k± ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (ℎ + 𝑐, 𝑘 ± ) 𝑐) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (ℎ ± , 𝑘 + 𝑐)
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
h−𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ ℎ + 𝑎 h−𝑏 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ ℎ + 𝑏
Permissible values
k−𝑏 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑘 + 𝑏 k−𝑎 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑘 + 𝑎
Express each equation of the ellipse in standard form.
Determine the equation and the length of the major axis, the
minor axis, and the latus rectum. Draw the ellipse, its foci, and
vertices.

a. 𝑥 2
+ 2𝑦 2
− 2𝑥 + 8𝑦 − 11 = 0
2 2
b. 4𝑥 + 𝑦 + 24𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 45 = 0

Precalculus Lesson 4: Ellipse

Write the equation of the ellipse in standard form that satisfies
the given conditions. Draw the ellipse, its foci and vertices.
a. The center is at (7, -2) , a vertex is at (2, -2) and an endpoint
of a minor axis is at (7, -6).
b. The vertices are at (-2,-2) and (-2,8) , and the length of the
minor axis is 6.
c. The center is at (4,3), and the length of the horizontal major
axis is 5, the length of minor axis is 4.

Precalculus Lesson 4: Ellipse

END OF DISCUSSION
H AV E A G R E AT D AY A H E A D : )