DEFINITION, CONCEPT, RELATIONSHIP AND

IMPORTANCE OF CRIMINOLOGY AND PENOLOGY

MRIDULA HARENDRA PANDEY

L.L.M. (Criminal Group) – Semester 1
Roll No. 2
 DEFINING CRIMINOLOGY

 Criminology as a branch of knowledge is concerned with those

particular conducts of human behaviour which are prohibited by
society. It is, therefore, a socio-legal study which seeks to discover
the causes of criminality and suggests remedies to reduce crimes.

 The object of criminology is to study the sequence of law-making,

law-breaking and reaction to law breaking from the point of view of
the efficacy of law as a method of control. – Prof. Sellin

 Criminology is a branch of criminal science which deals with crime

causation, analysis and prevention of crimes. – Dr. Kenny
Understanding The Concept Of Criminology Using
Dr. Kenny’s Definition
Criminal Science

 Causation
Criminology Penology Criminal Law
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 In what
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 Understanding The Concept Of Criminology Using Dr.
Kenny’s Definition

 Analysis & Prevention

 Analysis of data related to

crime.
 Analysis of socio-
demographic conditions of
criminals.
 Analysis of patterns of
crime
 Preventive measures
 DEFINING PENOLOGY
 Penology is generally referred to as the study of
punishments, the effects of punishments on the
offenders, treatment of offenders and prison
management.

 Penology also focuses on the how the punishment

for similar offences differ from place to place on
the basis of cultural and customary differences.
 Understanding
S
ol
the concept of Penology
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m ar
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Punishments
W ita Treatment of Offenders Prison Management
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 Relationship Between Criminology And Penology
 According to Donald Taft,
Criminology is the scientific
analysis and observation of
crime and criminals
whereas
Penology is concerned with
the punishment and
treatment of offenders.
 In his view, the
development of criminology
has been much later than
that of penology because in
early periods the emphasis
was on treatment of
offenders rather than
scientific investigation into
the causation of crime.
Causation of Crime
Analysis of Crime data, Criminal
behaviour and reasons behind it.
C
R
Prevention of Crime
I
M Punishments – Deciding what
I punishment is justified for what
N offences.
O Punishment & Treatment of
L Offenders
O
Policies for rehabilitation of
G offenders
Y
Reforms for skill development of
Offenders in order to improve their
life after Punishment
 Importance of Criminology And Penology
Criminology is important as it
helps to –
 Discover and analyze causes of
crimes.
 Understanding mindset of
criminals.
 Prevention of crime.
 Acts as a stepping ladder for
penology to take over.
 Penology is important as –
 Helps in administering justice in
society.
 Helps in prevention of crime.
 Provides for legal penalties for
offences committed.
 Focuses on rehabilitation of
offenders
THANK YOU