Teaching and

Assessment
of Literature
EL 106 Studies
 Overview on
the Nature of
Literature and
CHAPTER 1 its Genres
 At the end of the chapter, the
pre-service teacher (PST)
should be able to:
a. explain the purposes and
genres under the literature
Learning umbrella; and
b. identify notable authors
Outcomes appropriate for literature
study in K to 12 English
Literature.
 At the end of the lesson, students should
be able to:
a. Describe literature as significant
human experience;
b. Enumerate the purposes of Literature;
c. Differentiate between prose and
poetry and drama;

Objectives d.
e.
Differentiate fiction and nonfiction;
Enumerate well-known Filipino
authors and international authors; and
f. List down Literature competencies in
English Kto12 Curriculum
 Literature can be defined as an
expression of human feelings,
thoughts, and ideas whose
medium is language, oral and
written.
What is It is not only about human
ideas, thoughts, and feelings
literature? but also about experiences of
the authors.
It can be medium for human to
communicate what they feel,
think, experience to the
readers.
 a. Literature is art.
b. Literature is language.
c. Literature is aesthetic.
d. Literature is fictional.
Literature Based e. Literature is expressive.
on Different Point f. Literature is affective.
of Views g. Literature is everything in
print.
 a. Entertainment function –
known as “pleasure
reading”. It is consumed
for the sake of one’s
enjoyment.
Functions of b. Social and Political
function – Literature shows
Literature how society works around
them. It helps the reader
“see” the social and
political constructs around
him and shows the state of
the people and the world
around him.
 c. Ideological function –
shapes our way of thinking
based on the ideas of other
people. Literature also displays
a person’s ideology placed in
the text consciously and
Functions of unconsciously.
Literature d. Moral function. Literature
may impart moral values to its
readers. The morals contained
in a literary text, whether good
or bad are absorbed by
whoever reads it, thus helps in
shaping their personality.
 e. Linguistic function. Literature
preserves the language of every
civilization from where it
originated. They are also
evidence that a certain civilization
has existed by recording the
Functions of language and preserving it
through wide spans of time.
Literature f. Cultural function. Literature
orients us to the traditions,
folklore and the arts of our ethnic
group’s heritage. It preserves
entire cultures and creates an
imprint of the people’s way of
living for others to read, hear and
learn.
 g. Educational function.
Literature teaches us of many
things about the human
experience. It is used to
portray the facets of life that
we see, and those that we
Functions of would never dream of seeing.
Literature h. Historical function. Ancient
text, illuminated scripts, stone
tablets, etc, keeps a record of
events that happened in the
place where they originated.
 a. Literature improves your
command of language.
b. It teaches you about the
life, cultures and
experiences of people in
Values of other parts of the world.
c. It gives you information
Literature about other parts of the
world which you may never
be able to visit in your
lifetime.
d. It entertains you and
provides useful occupation
in your free time.
 e. It makes you a wiser and
more experience person by
forcing you to judge,
sympathize with, or criticize the
characters you read about.
Value of f. It helps you compare your
own experiences with the
Literature experience of other people.
g. It gives information which
may be useful in other subjects
for example in Geography,
Science, History, Social
Studies, and so on.
 1. Fiction. It features
imaginary characters and
events. This genre is
often broken up into five
Five Main subgenres: fantasy,
historical fiction, mystery,
Genres of and science fiction.
Literature 2. Nonfiction. It tells the
story of real people and
events. Examples
include biography,
autobiographies, or
memoirs.
 3. Drama. A drama or play is a
story created specifically for a
stage performance. The most
renowned author of drama was
William Shakespeare – the
Five Main writer of Macbeth, Hamlet,
Genres of Romeo and Juliet.
4. Poetry. In this style of
Literature writing, words are arranged in
a metrical pattern and often
(though not always) in rhymed
verse. Renowned poets
include Cumminge, Robert
Frost and Maya Angelou.
 5. Folktale. Folktale is
also referred to as
mythology. It tells stories
of originally oral literature
Five Main and is meant to pass on
Genres of particular moral lessons.
These tales often have a
Literature timeless quality, dealing
with common concerns
that are relevant despite
the time period.
 The human experience
in literature contains
themes about life and
Literature as society that are relatable
Significant to readers. Themes
related to the human
Human experience encompass
Experiences any commentary on
society or human nature,
such as death,
relationships, human
right, or conformity.
 Literature allows
writers or readers
Literature as to look back on
Significant their memories
Human because they can
Experiences relive the memory
or experience
through words.
 Literature allows
people to learn
through other
Literature as people’s experiences
Significant and learn life lessons
Human because they can
Experiences see through other
people’s thoughts
and memories.
 One of the chief
purposes of literature is
a means of exploring
what is to be human. It
Purposes of is also a way of
communicating with
Literature others about a huge
range of ideas and
concerns. Literature
helps us to understand
people, societies,
events, and culture.
 Prose is the normal
language (sentences and
paragraphs) people use
when writing or speaking.
It is not poetry and does
Prose vs Poetry not have a meter or
vs Drama rhythmical pattern.
Magazines, articles,
encyclopedias, and
essays are all written in
prose. Stories are also
usually written in prose.
 Poetry creates word
pictures, describes
moments, or expresses
feelings: There are many
different forms of poetry.
Prose vs Poetry Two examples of poem
vs Drama forms are free verse and
lyrical poems. A free verse
poem does not rhythm. A
lyrical poem uses imagery
to express a feeling and
uses rhythm, regular
meter, and rhyme.
 Drama is a story that is acted
out in front of people, or an
audience. A drama can be a
play, a puppet show, a song, or
dance story that a person on
stage performs for a group of
Prose vs Poetry people. Plays are written in a
vs Drama special form, which helps you
to picture what is happening on
stage. This special form is
called a script. A script
contains the list of characters,
the lines the characters say,
and the stage directors.
 Drama is a story that is acted
out in front of people, or an
audience. A drama can be a
play, a puppet show, a song, or
dance story that a person on
stage performs for a group of
Prose vs Poetry people. Plays are written in a
vs Drama special form, which helps you
to picture what is happening on
stage. This special form is
called a script. A script
contains the list of characters,
the lines the characters say,
and the stage directors.
 Fiction refers to literature
created from the
imagination. Mysteries,
science fiction, romance,
fantasy, chicklit, crime
Fiction vs thrillers are all fiction
Nonfiction genres. Examples of
classic fiction include: To
Kill a Mocking Bird by
Harper Lee and A Tale of
Two Cities by Charles
Dickens.
 ‘Nonfiction’ refers to literature
based on fact. It is the
broadest category of
literature. The Nonfiction
Department has books and
Fiction vs videos in many categories
including biography, business,
Nonfiction cooking, health and fitness,
pets, crafts, home decorating,
languages, travel, home
improvement, religion, art and
music, history, self-help, true
crime, science and humor.
 Fiction is fabricated and based
on the author’s imagination.
Short stories, novels, myths,
legends, and fairy tales are all
considered fiction. While
settings plot points, and
Fiction vs characters in fiction are
sometimes based on real-life
Nonfiction events or people, writers used
such things as jumping off
points for their stories.
Nonfiction is factual and reports
on true events. Usually,
nonfiction has a higher standard
to uphold than fiction.
 Filipino Authors
a. Jose Rizal – Noli Me Tangere
b. Francisco Balagtas – Florante at
Laura
c. Amado V. Hernandez – Mga Ibong
Mandaragit

Survey of d. Nick Joaquin – The Woman Who Had

Two Novels
Authors e.
f.
F. Sionil Jose – Po-on A Novel
Lope K. Santos – Banaag at Sikat
g. Miguel Syjuco – Illustrado
h. Lualhati Bautista – Dekada ’70
i. F.H. Batacan – Smaller and Smaller
Circles
j. Bob Ong – ABNKKBSNPLAKO?!
(Aba nakakabasa na pala ako)
 Foreign Authors
a. Victor Hugo (French) – Les
Miserables, and Notre – Dame de
Paris
b. William Shakespeare – Macbeth,
Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Merchant
of Venice
Survey of c. Jonathan Swift – Gulliver’s Travels, A
Tale of Tub
Authors d. Johan Wolfgang Von Goethe –
Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeships and
Elective Affinities
e. Alexander Dumas – The Count of
Monte Cristo, and The Three
Musketeers
 f. Charles Dickens – Oliver
Twist, A Christmas Carol
g. George Elliot – The Mill on
the Floss, Silos Marner
h. Leo Tolstoy – War and
Survey of Peace, and Anna Karenina
Authors i. Mark Twain – The
Adventures of Huckleberry
Finn
j. Homer – The Iliad and The
Odyssey
 Literature
Competencies in
English Kto12
Curriculum
 GROUP 1: GRADE 7
GROUP 2: GRADE 8
GROUP 3: GRADE 9
Literature GROUP 4: GRADE 10
Competencies in GROUP 5: SHS LEVEL
English Kto12
Curriculum Group analysis of
literature competencies
and choosing of
appropriate texts to use
for such competencies.