Introduction to Philosophy of the

Human Person
Recall
Environmental Philosophy
Objective
• Identify the disorder in the environment and suggest
ways
• Acknowledge that care for the environment contributes
to health, well-being, and sustainable development.
Guide Questions
• What did you observe on the video.?
• What is the reason that causes those calamities or
disaster?
• as human is there anything that we can do to prevent
those calamities?
Environmental Philosophy

•Is the discipline that studies the

moral relationship of human
beings with the environment.
Human interaction with the environment
Environmental Ethics
•The discipline in philosophy that studies
the moral relationship of human beings
to, and also the value and moral status
of, the environment and this non-human
contents.
Value
•Something has intrinsic value, if it has
inherent worth in itself
•Something has instrumental value, if
something is considered as a means
towards achieving a certain end.
Views on the attribution of moral
consideration
•Anthropocentrism
•Panthocentrism
•Biocentrism
•Ecocentrism
Anthropocentrism
•Only humans are assigned intrinsic value
•Considers human beings as the center of
moral consideration
Panthocentrism
•Extends intrinsic value and thus moral
consideration to higher forms of animals
or intelligent animals such as dogs and
chimpanzees who are sentient.
Panthocentrism
•Sentient: having the power of perception
by the senses; conscious.
•Sentient beings therefore have the
capacity to feel pain, and thus, suffering.
Biocentrism
•Is the view not only humans and animals
but also plants should be morally
considerable.
•Intrinsic value is assigned to living
things
Ecocentrism
•Regards ecosystem as holistic entities
that should be given moral consideration
•Ecosystem: the community of living
organisms in conjunction with the
nonliving components of their
environment interacting as a system
Aldo Leopold
•An American conservationist, forester,
and philosopher
“That land is community is the basic
concept of ecology, but that land is to be
loved and respected is an extension of
ethics”
Ecocentrism
•This view reduces all living beings as
mere members of the ecosystem
•Intrinsic value is assigned to the
ecosystem as a whole
Ecocentrism
•This view reduces all living beings as
mere members of the ecosystem.
•Instricsic value is assigned to the
ecosystem as a whole
Ecocentrism
•Thus, an action is right and therefore,
moral, when it has the tendency to
preserve the integrity, stability of the
biotic community; and wrong when it
does the opposite.
Environmental Aesthetics
•Aesthetics is the field of philosophy that
studies ways in which humans
experience the world through their
senses.
Environmental Aesthetics
• Extends beyond the narrow limits of the art
world and beyond the appreciation of works
of art
• Focuses on philosophical questions
concerning appreciation of the world as a
whole
Environmental Aesthetics
• Is a philosophical view and beliefs that
maintaining order in the environment will
bring out the natural beauty of surroundings
and contribute the well-being of the people
and other organisms living in it.
Guide Question
• If you are on the situation like on the
experiment. How do you act or response on
the action?
Abstraction
• What is Environmental Philosophy?
• What are the 4 moral consideration
Application
• Create a poster about how you protect and
conserve the environment.
Assessment
Assessment
Assessment