IML 601:

PUBLICATION & PRODUCTION OF INFORMATION

MATERIALS
Week 5

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TOPIC CONTENT

• Scholarly Publishing
• History and development
• Scholar publishing life cycle
• Challenges and opportunities

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of the session, students will be able

to:
• Understand the history and development of
scholarly publishing.
• Understand the scholar publishing life cycle
• Understand the challenges and
opportunities in scholarly publishing.

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Introduction

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Scholarly publishing
• Scholarly publishing refers to the process of
creating new knowledge and disseminating it
publicly to relevant scholars and academics.
Public dissemination of scholarship is made
much easier in the digital age.
• Scholarly publishing is also can be referred as
academic publishing

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Academic Publishing
• Academic publishing is the subfield of
publishing which distributes academic research
and scholarship. Most academic work is
published in academic journal article, book or
thesis form.
• Scholarly/Academic publishing is the product of
the communication among scholars. Scholar
communication as it is known is the important
communication channel for scholars to
disseminate knowledge.

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Scholarly Communication
• Scholarly communication has been defined as
‘the system through which research and other
scholarly writings are created, evaluated for
quality, disseminated to the scholarly
community, and preserved for future use’
(Association of Research Libraries,2014).

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Scholarly Publishing: A Brief History

• 1440- - Print on paper technology made wide distribution of

books possible so that by the 1660’s scholars complained
there were too many books being published!

• 1665 - Founding of the first two scholarly journals:Journal

des Scavans in France (literature, theology, science news,
book reviews), the model of the general purpose journal
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
(natural history or scientific papers), the model of the science
society publication geared to serving its members Why? To
manage the growing numbers of letters which scholars used
to communicate with each other, to communicate with a
larger and more diverse group of people, and to determine
priority for an idea

• 1780-1798 - 45 of the 69 new publications since 1665 started

• Late 1800’s - 5000 journal titles in all fields

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Scholarly Publishing, cont.
• Post World War II - Explosion of numbers of journal
titles; for example, Pergamon started 250 new journal
titles in 25 years.Individual and institutional
subscriptions and society membership are payment
models for journals
• 1950-1970 - Microform technology to manage
published information
• 1960-1980 - Increasing domination of European
commercial publishers producing highly regarded and
expensive journals, especially in science and social
sciences
• 1970-1980 - Networked access to scholarly
databases; pay per search
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Scholarly Publishing, cont.

• 1980’s - Price per page for science journals becomes the

issue in the growing tensions between scientists and
commercial journal publishers
• 1980’s - Technological solutions are video disks, laser
disks, CD-ROM
• 1990’s - Ownership of copyright becomes a major theme
in the continuing tensions between scholars and journal
publishers
• 1990’s - Technological solutions- the Internet and WWW
network protocols

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Scholarly Publishing, cont.

• 1990’s - Shift from ownership to access; negotiated

licenses become a means of purchasing access to
information

• 2000-present - Licenses become the dominate pricing

and ownership model for academic libraries; long-term,
archival access becomes a major concern for scholars
and librarians

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Scholar Publishing Life Cycle

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 Knowledge Cycle

Develop &
Time Cycle Discuss
Ideas

Generalize
&
Formalize
Report
Researc
h

Populariz
e Publish
Research Researc
h

13
 Publications Cycle

Knowledge Cycle
Email,
listservs,
Encyclopedias, Develop & letters
Time Cycle Discuss
text books
Ideas

Generalize
&
Formalize
Report
Researc
h Dissertations,
conference
papers
Magazine Populariz
articles, popular e Publish
history books Research Researc
h
Scholarly
books and
journal articles

14
 Access Cycle

Invisible
Publications Cycle college
Libraries Catalog,
guides to
research Knowledge Cycle Email,
listservs,
letters
Encyclopedias, Develop &
Time Cycle Discuss
text books
Ideas

Generalize
&
Formalize
Report
Researc
h Dissertations,
conference
papers
Magazine Populariz
articles, popular e Publish Dissertation
history books Research Researc Abstracts
h
Indexes: Expanded Scholarly
Academic Index, books and
Research Library; journal articles
Libraries Catalog,
Libraries Catalog indexes
15
Video Clip
• Introduction to Scholarly Publishing # 01
-- Publishers: Origins, roles and
contributions

• Watch the video and enjoy

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17
Challenges
• Increasing volume of scientific research
• Publishing monopolies
• Rising journal subscription cost
• Strained library subscription budgets
• Migration to online publishing
• Push for open-access publishing

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Excerpt From Books
• Books in the Digital Age: The Transformation of
Academic and Higher .
– Topic: Academic Publishing Under Pressure
• https://books.google.com.my/books?id=zPt7g_cT
weoC&pg=PA81&dq=academic+publishing&hl=en
&sa=X&ei=XXsXVeXIGJfmuQTH9YHIDg#v=onep
age&q=academic%20publishing&f=false

19
Excerpt From Books
• Academic Publishing in Europe: The Role of
Information in Science and Society.
– Topic: What Shall We Do? Challenges and Opportunities of
The Coming Changes in Science Publishing
• https://books.google.com.my/books?id=iICxvR9J
FdEC&pg=PA103&dq=challenges+in+academic+
publishing&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JH0XVdn6Foe8uASa
lILIDg&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=chall
enges%20in%20academic%20publishing&f=false

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Opportunities
• Digital submission of your manuscript and
related image files
• Increased efficiency in the quality control
cycle
• Decreased time from acceptance to
publication of a manuscript.

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Compulsory Online Discussion

• Sherman, S. (2014). Under

Pressure. Nation, 298(21), 19-24.
• Please refer to the citation above. The material is
available at Ebscohost database.
• Read and give comment on the situation of
Malaysian University Presses in term of
challenges and opportunities.
• Cite your reference using APA citation style.

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THANK YOU

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