PVT sample taking

from separator

Wang Wenqi

2014.May
Separator PVT sample taking
Test Separator
Gas outlet

Oil/Gas Sampling skid V7 V1

Oil outlet
G V8 4
V10 2 V9 G
V2 V1
1 V4 V3
V11 V5

G3
V12
V13
V6 Figure 1
 PVT 取样的目的
 烃组分分析数据；
 地层温度下的饱和压力（泡点压力、露点压力）；
 在饱和压力下的比容（或比重）；
 地层温度下压力－体积关系；
 温度－体积关系；
 地层温度下压力－油（气）粘度关系；
 地层体积系数；
 通过分离试验，得出分离压力与气油比、油比重和地层
体积系数的关系，求出最佳分离压力（油比重和地层体
积系数最 小时的分离压力），以指导未来开发方案
的编制。
……
 凝析油井分离器 PVT 取样有下列用处
 求凝析气油比；
 确定油收缩率；
 根据气油比对油、气进行组合，分析井流物的组
分（分离器油、油罐油、分离器气、油罐气）组
成；
 地层温度下恒质膨胀实验（求出压力－体积关
系），求露点压力、气体偏差系数和不同压力下
的体积；
 进行等容衰减分析，求得压力与气藏流体体积、
产出物成分变化、采收率关系；
……
 Down hole PVT taking
types wells ways Advantages & disadvantages

DST Oil well APR/MFE Need to equip with field sample

（ inc. transfer bench
volatile oil
well ）
slickline spring sampler
(Flow-Through
Sampler)

clock(FTS,PDS,SPS)

wireline electrical signal With wire line. Fit to SRO. Have to

(Flow-Through turn off radio (walk talk, mobile
Sampler) phone, telegram )& electric weld at
well site when RIH
 Surface PVT taking
types wells ways Advantages &
disadvantages
Separator Oil well( inc. Gas Evacuating method Need a vacuum pump
sample volatile oil sampling
taking well ), Flushing with gas Risk on H2S well
condensate (old way: alternate in
well, wet gas fill and discharge for
well one valve bottle,
New way: simultaneous in
fill and discharge)
Displace water with gas unacceptable in H2S &
sample CO2
Oil Displace gas with oil
sampling sample
Displace water (or Mercury is forbidden.
saturated saltwater, saturated saltwater
mercury) with oil sample for high density oil
Piston sampler High accuracy
Any point Dry gas well Gas Same with separator gas Simple and easily
sample sampling sampling
taking
Extremely low Oil Same with separator oil
gas-oil-ratio sampling sampling
well
 Why to take surface PVT ?
 Surface PVT taking is safer and cheaper
than slickline/wireline.
 Surface PVT taking is only way for
condensate well & wet gas well
 ways on
s urface PVT gas sampling
 Evacuating method
 Flushing with gas

(alternate fill and discharge for one valve

bottle)
 Displace gas with gas

(simultaneous fill and discharge)

 Displace water with gas
 ways on
s urface PVT oil sampling
 Displace gas with oil sample
 Displace water (or saturated saltwater,
mercury) with oil sample
 Piston sampler
 Kinds of surface sampler
 With only one valve (only for gas)
 With two valves (one valve at one end)
 With piston in bottle (only for oil)
 With two valves in same end. Can place in
standing (vertical)
 Parameters of the sampler
 H2S service or standard service
 Sampler W.P. (Working pressure) ＞ separator
W.P. At least ＞ separating press.
 Capacity

Oil: 300, 600, 700, 1000 cc

Gas: 10, 20 liter
How many samplers for one well test
 Ask supervisor, check the well test design, contract or
requirement by oil company (first party) or PVT laboratory.
 More oil samplers for low gas-oil-ratio

More gas samplers for high gas-oil-ratio

 The sample GOR (gas-oil-ratio) should approximately be same
with well test GOR (=gas rate/oil rate)

gas sampler capacity * separating press. * gas sampler number

 Sample GOR=——————————————————————— oil sampler capacity * oil sampler number

separating press.: bar (abs.)

How much gas & oil sample needed to
mix PVT sample
in Lab.
 total volumn of PVT sample needed equals to capacity of PVT instrument in L
ab.
 GOR of samples used to mix must be equal to well test GOR(corrected)
 gas volumn of one bottle of gas sample:
pressure(psia)+14.7

gas volumn = bottle capacity× ————————

14.7

gas flowrate

 well test GOR(corrected)= ————————————

oil flowrate （ corrected ）

oil flowrate

 oil flowrate(corrected) = ———————————

1 - shrinkage
 General requirements
to surface sampling
1.Separating press. & temp. should be stable, the oil level
should be stable.
2.Oil and gas separating stably and fully. Flow rate
measurement at high accuracy.
3.Sampler and hose are cleaning.
4.Pressure in sampler is as close to separator as possible
when sampling.
5.Valves on sampler are in good sealing.
6.The hose is not too slim and not too long. A tee joint is
needed near the sampler to drain the dead oil before taking
sample and bleed off before disconnecting.
 How to get the best sample ?
Temp. of
Direction of
ways remark Sampling point sampler and
charge
hose
Evacuating method any
Flushing with gas Upstream of horizontal
Risk on H2S
orifice. ≥separator Down is
gas Displace gas with gas well
Close to temp. better
shell
Displace water with unacceptable
down
gas sample in H2S & CO2
Displace gas
up
with oil sample
Mercury is
Upstream of
Displace water (or forbidden.
flow meter. ≤separator
oil saturated saltwater, saturated
Close to temp. down
mercury) with oil saltwater for
shell
sample high density
oil
Piston sampler any
Gas sampling
Gas sampling
Gas sampling
Oil sampling ： displace liquid
Oil sampling ： displace gas
Oil sampling
Oil sampling
China standard: PVT sample taking
SY/T 5154 － 1999 reservoir fluid sample
taking