LIMIT – is the value that a function

approaches as the input approaches some

value.
Let F be a function and let a and L be real
numbers, L is the limit of f(x) as x approaches
a, written as
lim 𝑓 ሺ𝑥 ሻ= 𝐿
𝑥 →𝑎
 If x approaches
One sided limits from the right
- is either of the two lim+ 𝑓 ሺ𝑥ሻ = 𝐿
𝑥→𝑎
limits of a function f(x)
of a real variable x as x
If x approaches
approaches a specific point from the left
from the left or from the right. lim− 𝑓 ሺ𝑥ሻ = 𝐿
𝑥→𝑎
1.

Take note:
Limit exists if, if

2.

3.
Limits typically fail to exist for one of four
reasons:
1. The one-sided limits are not equal
2. The function does not approach a finite
value
3.The function does not approach a particular
value.
4.The x-value approaching the endpoint of a
closed interval.
1.1

Because

2. 1
1
1
3.

Because the left hand limit approaches infinity.

4.

Because the x value approaching the endpoint.

Evaluating the Limits
1.
= substitute the value of x-approaching to the function.

2.

3.
4.

if the numerator results to a non-zero and the denominator results to zero,

Limit DNE.
Given;
5. substitute 1 to since 1. No need to solve for the limits of both sides.

6. substitute 4 to and since is approaching both intervals. This time solve for the limits of both sides.

Because
Limit Theorem

Let and
1.

is a positive integer

is a positive integer.
Limits of indeterminate form Special
, if the limit results to an indeterminate form you can redefine the function by factoring.
Limits

2. , if the limit results to an indeterminate form you can redefine the function by rationalizing the 2.
numerator.

3.
, substitute

4.