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Coordination Compounds
Chapter 20
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What is a transition metal?
Transition metals have incompletely filled d subshells or
produce ions with incompletely filled d subshells.
This is responsible for many of the properties of
transition metals including color, catalytic activity,
formation of paramagnetic compounds, and the
tendency to form complex ions.
The Transition Metals
20.1
Is zinc a transition metal?
20.1
Physical Properties of Elements K to Zn
20.1
Oxidation States of the 1st Row Transition Metals
20.1
Ionization Energies for the 1st Row Transition Metals
20.1
General Properties of Transition Metals
Small atomic radii and close packing—strong
metallic bonds
Transition metals have…
• Higher ________________________
• Higher ________________________
• Higher ________________________
• Higher ________________________
• Higher ________________________
…than _________________________
p.650
Coordination Compounds
A ________________________ typically consists of a complex
ion and a counter ion.
A ________________________ contains a central metal cation
bonded to one or more molecules or ions.
The molecules or ions that surround the
metal in a complex ion are called _______.
•O• • ••
N •• -
Cl C O
••
••
••
••
H H H H H ••
pp.653ff 20.3
Coordination Compounds
The atom in a ligand that is bound directly to the metal atom is
the _________________________.
•O•• • ••
N
H H H H H
20.3
Coordination Compounds
20.3
What are the oxidation numbers of the metals in
K[Au(OH)4] and of [Cr(NH3)6](NO3)3 ?
20.3
Names of Anions
Containing Metal Atoms What is the systematic name of
[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl ?
________________________________
________________________________
20.3
Structure of Coordination Compounds
6 Octahedral
20.4
Structure of Coordination Compounds
___________________ are compounds that are made up of
the same types and numbers of atoms bonded together in the
same sequence but with different spatial arrangements.
cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
20.4
Structure of Coordination Compounds
cis-[Co(NH3)4Cl2] trans-[Co(NH3)4Cl2]
Are these
additional
geometric
isomers of
[Co(NH3)4Cl2]?
20.4
Structure of Coordination Compounds
_________________ are non-superimposable mirror images.
cis-[Co(en)2Cl2] trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]
_________________ _________________
____________ ____________
20.4
Structure of Coordination Compounds
_______________________
are optically active.
20.4
_________________________
– rotates plane polarized light to the right
_________________________
– rotates plane polarized light to the left
_________________________
rotate plane polarized light by the same
amount, but in opposite directions
_________________________
– an equimolar mixture of enantiomers
Coordination compounds are used in:
___________ – extracting gold and silver, purifying nickel
pp.659ff
Bonding in Coordination Compounds
20.5
Bonding in Coordination Compounds
Isolated
transition metal
atom Bonded transition
metal atom
Isolated
transition metal
atom Bonded
transition metal
atom
____________ ____________ ____________ () is the
energy difference between two sets of d orbitals in a metal
atom when ligands are present. And…
20.5
Bonding in Coordination Compounds
= h
20.5
The absorption maximum for the complex ion [Co(NH3)6]3+
occurs at 470 nm. What is the color of the complex and
what is the crystal field splitting in kJ/mol?
= ___________ kJ/mol
20.5
Bonding in Coordination Compounds
Spectrochemical Series
I- < Br- < Cl- < OH- < F- < H2O < NH3 < en < CN- < CO
20.5
Reactions of coordination compounds
Coordination compounds typically
undergo ligand exchange
(a/k/a ligand substitution) in solution