THE PARTS OF THE

MITOCHONDRION
WHAT IS A MITOCHONDRION?

 an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical

processes of respiration and energy production occur.
 generates most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate(ATP), which is
subsequently used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy.
 They were discovered by Abert von Kolliker in 1857 in the voluntary muscles of
insects.
 The term “mitochondrion” was coined by Carl Benda in 1898.
 The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell"
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Consists of 4 main compartments:

• Outer Membrane
• Inner Membrane
• Intermembrane space
• Matrix
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Outer Membrane
• Encloses the entire organelle and has a protein-to-phospholipid ratio similar to that of the cell
membrane.
• It contains large numbers of integral membrane proteins called porins. A major trafficking
protein is the pore-forming voltage-dependent anion channel(VDAC)
• The VDAC is the primary transporter of nucleotides, ions and metabolites between
the cytosol and the intermembrane space.
• Contains enzymes involved in such diverse activities as the elongation of fatty
acids, oxidation of epinephrine, and the degradation of trytophan.
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Intermembrane space
• the space between the outer membrane and the inner membrane. It is also known
as perimitochondrial space.
• plays a crucial role in coordinating a variety of cellular activities, such as regulation
of respiration and metabolic functions.
THE PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

Inner Membrane
• regulates the passage of nutrients, metabolites, macromolecules, and
information in and out of the cytoplasm
• maintains the proton motive force required for energy storage.
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Matrix
• The space enclosed by the inner membrane. It contains about 2/3 of the total
proteins in a mitochondrion.
• Is important in the production of ATP with the aid of the ATP synthase contained in
the inner membrane
• The matrix contains a highly concentrated mixture of hundreds of enzymes, special
mitochondrial ribosomes, tRNA, and several copies of the mitochondrial
DNA genome.
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Cristae
• A fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The name is from the Latin word
for crest or plume.
• It gives the inner membrane its characteristic wrinkled shape, providing a large
amount of surface area for chemical reactions to occur on.
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Ribosomes
• is a protein complex that is active in mitochondria and functions as a riboprotein for
translating mitochondrial mRNAs encoded in mtDNA.
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Granules
• Creates contact sites between inner and outer mitochondrial membranes in which
enzymes can function efficiently.
THE PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS

Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)
• Plays an important role in the regulation of cellular metabolism, apoptosis and
oxydative stress control.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!!

Presented By:
Lorenz Androu L. Teo
Rhea Gale A. Sardido