ROCKS

Gov. Feliciano Leviste Road (formerly Marawoy-Balete Road), Lipa City, Batangas, Philippines
Telephone Number: (043) 757-5277; 757-5847; 757-5697; 757-5372
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***How to look for Igneous Rocks?
Igneous rocks form when magma from inside the Earth
moves toward the surface, or is forced above the
Earth’s surface as lava and ash by a volcano. Here it
cools and crystallizes into rock. Look for crystals in
igneous rocks. Examples of igneous rocks are
gabbro, granite, pumice and obsidian.
The term “igneous” is based from the
Latin ignis, meaning fire.
(a) Volcanic Rocks-These are the igneous rocks formed on
the surface of the earth by cooling and crystallization of
lava erupted from volcanoes. The grain size of the crystals
formed in these rocks are very fine and microscopic.

(b)Plutonic rocks-These are igneous rocks formed at

considerable depths generally between 7-10km below the
surface of the earth.

(c) Hypabyssal rocks-These igneous rocks are formed at

intermediate depths , generally up to 2 km. below the
surface of the earth
Example of Intrusive igneous rock

Granite
Pegmatite
Basalt
Obsidian
How to look for Sedimentary Rocks?
Sedimentary rock is often found in layers.
One way to tell if a rock sample is
sedimentary is to see if it is made from
grains. Some samples of sedimentary
rocks include limestone, sandstone, coal and
shale.
• Sedimentary rocks accumulate on
Earth’s surface in a process called
deposition.
• The process by which these
uncosolidated materials become
solidified into rock is called
lithification.
Rock salt
 Gypsum

Rock salt

Dolostone
Coal
Rock salt
How to look for Metamorphic Rocks?
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have become
changed by intense heat or pressure while
forming. One way to tell if a rock sample is
metamorphic is to see if the crystals within it are
arranged in bands. Examples of
metamorphic rocks are marble, schist, gneiss, and
slate.
CONCEPT MAP
Rock Cycle

melting