PRISM

Submitted By
JATIN SUTHAR
Class :- 12-A2-13
 Acknowledgement
I would like to thank my teacher Mr.Bharat sir who gave me this
opportunity to work on this project. I got to learn a lot from
this project about prism. I would also like to thank our school
principal Dr.A.K.Gaur sir.
At last, I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to my parents
because without their help this project would not have been
successful. Finally, I would like to thank my dear friends who
have been with me all the time.

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INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………3

2 DEVIATION OF LIGHT…..……………………5

3 WORKING OF PRISM…………………………6

4 USES OF PRISM…………………………………8

5 EXPERIMENTS……………………………….…9
INTRODUCTION

• Prism is transparent refracting body bounded

by two triangular and three rectangular
surfaces.
Or
• Portion of refracting body/medium bordered
by two plane surfaces which are inclined at a
finite angle.

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Refraction through prism

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 Deviation of light

• How much light deviated after passes through

prism.
• It depends upon these factors:-
1. Incident angle
2. Refracted angle
3. Refracting index of prism material

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Working of prism
• A prism works because the different colors of
light travels at different speeds inside the glass
. Because the colors of light travels at different
speeds , they get bends by different amounts
and come out all spread out instead of mixed
up.

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Uses of Prism
i. Prism are used in certain spectroscopes ,
instruments for analyzing light and for
determining the identity and structure of
materials that emit or absorb light.
ii. Prisms can reverse the direction of light by
internal reflection , and for this purpose they
are useful in binoculars.

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Experiment
 Aim :- To investigate the dependence of the
angle of deviation on the angle of incidence
using a hollow prism filled one by one with
different transparent fluids.
 Apparatus :- Drawing board , plane paper ,
hollow prism , water , turpentine oil , glycerine ,
pencil , ruler , protractor , all pin , thumbpin etc.

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 Theory :-
When a light ray passes through a prism , it
gets refracted twice . Once when entering inside the
prism and then when emerging out of the prism.
The incident ray gets deviated when emerging
out of the prism.
A = angle of prism
i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction
δ = angle of deviation
The relation for refractive index is

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 Procedure :-
Take the hollow prism and fill it with
the given transparent fluids one by one to take
readings for i and δ e.g. first fill with water and
then following the procedure , draw the
diagram for different values of i and
corresponding values of δ .
Same procedure to be followed for
other liquids also.

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 Observation
Angle of prism A =
Table for angle of deviation δ
S. No. Angle of incidence ‘I’ Angle of deviation δ

Similar readings and tables for other liquid also.

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 Calculation
Draw the graph of ‘i’ versus ‘δ’ and find value
of δm from graph.
Scale :-
Along X-axis , 1cm = of i
Along Y-axis , 1cm = of δ

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 Conclusion
The graph drawn between ‘i’ and ‘δ’
show the variation of angle of deviation with
angle of deviation for the liquid used in the
hollow prism.

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THANK YOU

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Bibliography
1. en.m.wikipedia.org
2. www.britannica.com
3. Wonders.physics.wisc.edu

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