HOMONYMY

POLYSEMY
AMBIGUITY &
ANOMALY
GROUP 5: Nguyễn Thu Trang
Dương Hồng Diệp
Phạm Hồng Duyên
 Table Of Contents

01 02 03
HOMONYMY AMBIGUITY ANOMALY
&
POLYSEMY
 01
HOMONY
MY
 BANK

A finacial institution The shore of the river

=> have the same written form

=> are both being
pronounced /bæŋk/
 WHAT IS HOMONYMY?
Homonymy is a relation in which various words
have THE SAME
( sound and written ) form but have
DIFFERENT meanings.
 DISTINCTION
BETWEEN
HOMONYMY,
HOMOPHONY &
 -Our (the possessive
-Hour (the noun): twenty- fourth adjective): belonging to us.
part of a day and night
Both being pronounced /aʊər/
BUT have different meanings and written form

=>
 HOMONOPHY

Homophony is a relation in which various

words have the same sound form but have
different meanings and written forms.
 -Lead (/liːd/ ): to control a
group of people, a country, or a -Lead (/led/): a
situation heavy mental
Have The Same Written Form BUT
Different Meanings And Sound
Forms
=>Homography
HOMOGRAPHY
- Homography is a ?
relation in which various words
have the same written form but have different
meanings and sound forms.
 ‘BEAR’

A wildlife Give birth to Tolerate

animal with
thick fur => have the same written form

=> are both being pronounced /beər/

=>
 PRACTISE TIME
Each of member read definition in book
again page 72,78 and give one or two
examples about homonony, homography,
homophony and then present all of them
with the class.
You have five minutes to do this
POLYSEMY
 A chip of wood/glass. Can I try one of your chips?
Chip: A small piece of some hard substance Chip: A small cut piece of potato which is
which has been broken off from something fried for eating
larger

=>The two meanings are closely related because they all

contain the semantic feature.
That cup was broken: broken into Her watch was broken: broken
pieces and can't be used anymore

=>
 POLYSEMY?
Polysemy is a relation in which a single
word has two or more slightly different but
closely related meanings.
 DISTINCTION
BETWEEN
POLYSEMY AND
HOMONYMY
 ‘EARTH’

OUR PLANET ABOUT SOIL, TREES AND

PLANTS GROW

=> Polysemy refers to the coexistence of many

possible meanings for a word or phrase.
 ‘BANK’

"BANK" is written and read the

same but has two completely
different meanings
=> HOMONYMY
 WHICH WORDS ARE HOMONOMY
AND POLYSEMY IN THIS EXAMPLES?
1. BASS
They caught bass in this river
He always sings bass
2.FOUND
I just found a suitable organization for me to do volunteer work, and I also want to
found my own charity fund one day.
3.CHAIN
She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck
Harry owns a chain of department stores
4. TABLE
Please move the table into my bedroom
Put the books on the table
 ANSWE
R
1.HOMONYMY
2.HOMONYMY
3.POLYSEMY
4.POLYSEMY
REVIEW HYMONOMY AND
POLYSEMY
Homonymy: THE SAME sound and written form
DIFFERENT meanings

Homophony: THE SAME sound form

DIFFERENT meanings and written forms

Homography: THE SAME written form

DIFFERENT meanings and sound forms

Polysemy: single word has two or more slightly different

but closely related meanings.
 02
Ambigui
 Two Types
0 Structural
1 Ambiguity
0 Lexical
2 Ambiguity
 Structural
Ambiguity
A sentences is considered as
structurally ambiguous when its structure
permits more than one interpretation

=> Multiple possible sentence structures

 Example 1
Old man and woman
01 02
 Example 2
I like chocolate and banana muffins
01
I like { [chocolate] [and] [banana muffins] }

I like chocolate
and I also like banana muffins
 Example 2
I like chocolate and banana muffins
02
I like { [chocolate and banana] muffins }

I like muffins
with both chocolate and banana
 Example 2
I like chocolate and banana muffins
03
I like [chocolate] [and] [banana muffins]

I like chocolate muffins

and I also like banana muffins
I like chocolate and banana muffins
1
I like chocolate and I also like banana muffins
2
I like muffins with both chocolate and banana

3
I like chocolate muffins and I also like banana muffins

Structural ambiguity
 Lexical
ambiguity
AnyInterpretation
ambiguity resulting
the ambiguity
is
not entirelyofclear
a word
from
because of
is lexical ambiguity
a word’s possible meanings
Example Give me a ring.
1
01

Homonymy
02
1st type
lexical ambiguity
Example That robot is bright.
2 Shining
Bright
(adj) Polysemy
Intelligent 2nd type
lexical ambiguity
Homony Polysem
my
Ring y
Bright
Shining
Intelligent

Contribute to lexical ambiguity

 Structural ambiguity
Exercis
1) The chickeneis ready to eat.
Meaning 1:
The chicken, which has already been cooked, is ready
to eat.
Meaning 2:
The chicken is going to eat its own food.
 Structural ambiguity
Exerci
se
2) Anna threaten the man with the hammer.
Meaning 1:
Anna used a hammer to threatened the man.
Meaning 2:
Anna threatened the man whom took a hammer.
 Structural ambiguity
Exercis
e
3) Phineas and Ferb or Perry will go.
Meaning 1:
Either Phineas and Ferb or Phineas and Perry
will go.
Meaning 2:
Either Phineas and Ferb or Perry alone
will go.
Lexical ambiguity
Exerci
sea pen for my dog.
1) I bought
Exerci Lexical
se ambiguity
2) He saw her duck.

A water bird A person who is easily

fooled by others
 Review Ambiguity
STRUCTURA
L Multiple possible
AMBIGUITY sentence structures

LEXICAL
AMBIGUITY
A word’s
possible meanings
 03
Anomaly
Presenter: Pham Hong Duyen
1. Puppies are human.
2. The bigger key and John opened the door.
3. I hear the cloud.

Anomaly
 Definition

Anomaly is the phenomenon that a Anomaly is “a violation of semantic

rules to create nonsense.” [Finegan,
sentence, though it is grammatically
1993]
correct, is meaningless because
there is an incompatibility in the
meaning of the words.
 Examples

The bread chased the rainbow,

My toothbrush is pregnant.
and the rainbow climbed a tree.

Semantically anomalous – making no

sense at all.
 John who was
invited by Jack to
the party tonight
died yesterday. Anomaly
John died so he can’t come to the
party. and
There has anomaly and contradiction
in this sentence.
Contradictio
n
 Anomaly &
Contradiction
Anomaly involves us in the notion
contradiction in the sense that
semantically anomalous sentences
constitute a type of contradictory
sentences.
 Practice Time

Do 4 sentences in page 88 in the book in 7 minutes.