LECTURE 2

REFRIGERATION ENGINEERING
(STANDARD VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE EXAMPLES)
 EFFECTS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS

• EX. 02 A R-12 simple saturated refrigerating cycle

operates at an evaporating temperature of -10 C and
a condensing temperature of 40 C. Show the effects
of increasing the vaporizing temperature to 5 C in
terms of the following:

• A. Refrigerating Effect
• B. Effect on COP
• C. Effect on condenser performance.
• D. Effect on compressor volume capacity
 EFFECTS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS

• From R 12 Table, consider, • From R 12 Table, consider,

• h1 = hg @ -10 C = 347.134 • h1 = hg @ 5C = 353.6

• s1 = sg @ -10 C = 1.55997 • s1 = sg @ 5C = 1.5522
• v1 = vg @ -10 C = 0.0766464 • v1 = vg @ 5C = 0.0474853
• h2 = 372 • h2 = 369
 EFFECTS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS

• A. RE • RE’

• QA = mR (h1 – h4) • QA = mR (h1’ – h4)

• RE = QA / mR = (h1 – h4) • RE’ = QA / mR = (h1’ – h4)
• RE = 347.134 – 238.535 • RE’ = 353.6 – 238.535
• RE = 108.6 kJ/kg • RE’ = 115.07 kJ/kg

• There is increase on refrigerating

effect
 EFFECTS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS

• B. Effect on COP
• COP’ = (h1’ – h4) / (h2 ’– h1 ’)
• COP = (h1 – h4) / (h2 – h1) • COP = 353.6 – 238.535 / (369
• COP = 347.134 – 238.535 / – 347.134)
(372 – 347.134)
• COP = 7.47
• COP = 4.367
 EFFECTS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS

• C. Effect on condenser
performance
• QR’/ mr = (h2’ – h3 )

• QR = mR (h2 – h3)
• (h2’ – h3 ) = (369 – 238.535)
• QR / mR = (h2 – h3)
• (h2 – h3) = (372 – 238.535)

• (h2’ – h3 ) = 130.47
• (h2 – h3) = 133.47

• Decreasing!
 EFFECTS OF OPERATING CONDITIONS

• D. Effect on compressor volume

capacity

• v1 = mR (v1 )
• v1 = vg @ -10 C = 0.0766464
• v1’ = vg @ 5C = 0.0474853

• Decreasing!
 LIQUID SUCTION HEAT EXCHANGER
• EX. 03 A simple saturated refrigerating cycle using
R-12 as refrigerant operates at an evaporating
temperature of -5 C and a condensing temperature of
40 C. Show the effects of installing a heat exchanger
that would superheat the suction vapor from -5 to 15
C in the heat exchanger.

• A. Refrigerating Effect
• B. Effect on COP
• C. Effect on condenser performance.
• D. Effect on compressor volume capacity
• Considering the effect on COP

• From R-12 Table:

h6 = hg @ -5 C = 349.321
h3 = h4 = hf @ 40 C =238.535

h2 = 371
• Considering the effect on COP

• For COP:

COP = ( h1 - h4 )/( h2 – h1 )

COP =

COP = 5.11
• From R-12 Table
h6 = hg @ -5 C = 349.321
h3 = hf @ 40 C = 238.535
• For h1 and h2,

Consider R-12 Chart

• From R-12 Table
h6 = hg @ -5 C = 349.321
h3 = hf @ 40 C = 238.535
• For h1 and h2,

Consider R-12 Chart

• Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger
• By Energy Balance,
Ein = Eout
mrh3 + mrh6, = mrh4 + mrh1
h4 = h3 + h6 - h1

h4 = h5 = 225.856
• For COP’ :

COP’ = ( h6 – h5 )/( h2 – h1 )

COP’ =

COP’ = 4.93

COP’ < COP

• Ex.04 A vapor compression refrigeration system is designed to have a capacity of
150 tons of refrigeration. It produces chilled water from 22°C to 2°C. Its actual
coefficient of performance is 5.86 and 35% of the power supplied to the compressor
is lost in the form of friction and cylinder cooling losses. Determine the condenser
cooling water required for a temperature rise of 10°C?
• GIVEN:
Qin = Qevap = 150 TR mw = condenser cooling water, kg/s ?
COP = 5.86
Δtw = 10°C
Solution:
COP = Qin / Wc
5.86 = 150 TR (3.516 kW/1TR) / Wc
` Wc = 90 kW
Qcond = Wc + Qevap
Qcond = 90 + 150 (3.516)
Qcond = 617.4 kW or kJ/s

Qcond = Qw = mw cpw Δtw

617.4 kJ/s = mw (4.187 kJ/kg-°C) (10°C)
mw = 14.75 kg/s
• Ex.05 A refrigeration system operates on an ideal vapor compression using R-12 with
an evaporator temperature of -30°C and a condenser exit temperature of 49.30°C and
requires 74.6 kW motor to drive the compressor. What is the capacity of the
refrigerator in tons of refrigeration? Enthalpy at condenser entrance = 382 kJ/kg, exit
= 248.15 kJ/kg, at evaporator entrance = 248.15 kJ/kg, exit = 338.14 kJ/kg.
Given: R-12
tevap = -30°C
tcond = 49.3°C
Wc = 74.6 kW
h1 = 338.14, h2 = 382, h3 = 248.15, h4 = 248.15 kJ/kg
Find:
Qevap = capacity of the refrigerator, TR
Solution:
Wc = m (h2 – h1)
74.6 kJ/s = m (382 – 338.14) kJ/kg
m = 1.7 kg/s

Qevap = m (h1 – h4)

Qevap = 1.7 kg/s (338.14 – 248.15)
kJ/kg
Qevap = 153 kW (1TR/3.516 kW)
Qevap = 43.52 TR