Irrigation System Complete NodeMCU Project

Contents

• Introduction
• Requirement
• Working
• Benefits
• Conclusion
Introduction

 The worldwide population is anticipated to contact 9.6 billion by 2050 – this represents a
major issue for the farming business.
 Regardless of fighting difficulties like extraordinary climate conditions, rising
environmental change, and cultivating's ecological effect, the interest for more food must
be met. To meet these expanding needs, farming needs to go to new innovation.
 New savvy cultivating applications dependent on IoT advances will empower the
horticulture business to decrease waste and upgrade profitability from enhancing
manure use to expanding the productivity of ranch vehicles' courses.
 Requirement

Hardware Components

1) NodeMCU ESP8266 8) Water Pump

2) Soil Sensor 9) Single Relay Module
3) Rain Sensor 10) Buzzer
4) Moisture Sensor Module (LM393) 11) 9V Battery
5) Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT11) 12) Battery Cap
6) Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) 13) 9V DC Power Supply
7) Grow Light LED
 Requirement

Hardware Components

1. Node MCU(ESP8266) 2. Soil Sensor

The NodeMCU ESP8266 development board comes with the ESP-12E
module containing ESP8266 chip having Ten silica Extensa 32-bit LX106
RISC microprocessor. This microprocessor supports RTOS and operates
at 80MHz to 160 MHz adjustable clock frequency. NodeMCU has 128
KB RAM and 4MB of Flash memory to store data and programs. Its high
processing power with in-built Wi-Fi / Bluetooth and Deep Sleep
Operating features make it ideal for IoT projects.
The Soil Moisture Sensor Module determines the amount of
soil moisture by measuring the resistance between two
metallic probes that is inserted into the soil to be monitored.
This can be used in an automatic plant watering system or to
signal an alert of some type when a plant needs watering.
 Requirement
Hardware Components
3. Rain Sensor
A rain sensor or rain switch is a switching device activated by
rainfall. There are two main applications for rain sensors. The
first is a water conservation device connected to an automatic
irrigation system that causes the system to shut down in the
event of rainfall.
4. Moisture Sensor Module(LM393)
The module produces an output voltage according to the
resistance of the probe and is made available at an Analog
Output (AO) pin. The same signal is fed to a LM393 High
Precision Comparator to digitize it and is made available at a
Digital Output (DO) pin.
 Requirement
Hardware Components
5. Temperature and Humidity Sensor(DHT11)
The DHT11 is a basic, ultra-low-cost digital temperature and
humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a
thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a
digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed). It’s
fairly simple to use, but requires careful timing to grab data.
6. Light Dependent Resistor(LDR)
A Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) is also called a
photoresistor or a cadmium sulphide (CdS) cell. It is
also called a photoconductor. It is basically a
photocell that works on the principle of
photoconductivity.
 Requirement
Hardware Components
7. Grow Light LED
Grow lights either attempt to provide a light spectrum similar to
that of the sun, or to provide a spectrum that is more tailored to
the needs of the plants being cultivated. Outdoor conditions are
mimicked with varying color, temperatures and spectral outputs
from the grow light, as well as varying the intensity of the
lamps.
8. Water Pump
Water pump is a machine that delivers or pressurizes a liquid. It
transfers the mechanical energy of the prime mover or other
external energy to the liquid, increasing the energy of the
liquid. While mini water motor pump is mini type to transfer
water from lower place to higher place or too far place.
 Requirement
Hardware Components
9. Single Relay Module
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an
electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other
operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays.
Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a
separate low-power signal, or where several circuits must be
controlled by one signal.
10. Buzzer
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may
be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for
short). Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm
devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a
mouse click or keystroke.
 Requirement

Hardware Components

11. 9V Battery 12. Battery Cap

The battery has both terminals in a snap connector on one
The nine-volt battery, or 9-volt battery, is a common size of
end. The smaller circular (male) terminal is positive, and the
battery that was introduced for the early transistor radios. It has
larger hexagonal or octagonal (female) terminal is the negative
a rectangular prism shape with rounded edges and a polarized
contact. The connectors on the battery are the same as on the
snap connector at the top. This type is commonly used in
load device; the smaller one connects to the larger one and
walkie-talkies, clocks and smoke detectors.
vice versa.
Requirement

Hardware Components

13. Power Supply

A power supply is a device that supplies power to another
device, at a specific voltage level, voltage type and current
level. For example, when we talk about a 9VDC @ 500mA
power supply can provide as much as 500mA of current and
the voltage will be at least 9V DC up to that maximum current
level.
 Working Principle

 The microcontroller which has a built-in Wi-Fi module and is the heart of the project
which takes in input from the soil sensor and gives output to the relay to switch on the
irrigation pump.
 This also controls the time for which the irrigation needs to be done. This also sends data
to the cloud which can be used for improving the crop production.
 The sensor is connected to the GPIO pin which continuously gives input to the controller
about the moisture content
 Working

Block Diagram of Irrigation System Complete NodeMCU

 Working

The program will loop for given period of time and then sends a signal to deactivate the relay thereby
switching of the supply.
The NodeMCU which is connected to the internet will update the moisture value and also receive
command through cloud from the user sitting in any part of the world.
The cloud services will ease the work of farmers and can be upgraded to control other components as
well.
The whole of project will work on an isolate power supply as these small modules will be place at
different places on the agricultural ground. 
The design is made in such a way that it can be used for drip irrigation and indoor precision agriculture.
Designed System
 Benefits

 Increased Production
Optimized crop treatment such as accurate planting, watering, pesticide application
and harvesting directly affects production rates.
 Water Conservation
Weather predictions and soil moisture sensors allow for water use only when and
where needed.
 Real-Time Data and Production Insight
Farmers can visualize production levels, soil moisture, sunlight intensity and more
in real time and remotely to accelerate decision making process.
 Conclusion

 The project was aimed at building a scalable and affordable solution for irrigating the agricultural land as per the soil
moisture content. The main objective was fulfilled and a prototype of the working model was displayed along with the
explanations of different components and software used for the implementation.
 The system was controlled by the IoT app named Blynk and a mechanism to store the data was also created so that it
can be used for future analytics an improvement of the project.
 The future scope of the project would be to expand it area from not just irrigation but a whole lot of other
parameters such as pH of the soil, crop growth rate, type of crop etc. and feed those data to cloud to get useful
insights so that the overall yield can be increased.
 Thus, technological inclusion will help conserve resources which are scarce and improve the production.
THANK YOU