IOT ENABLED SMART FARMING AND IRRIGATION SYSTEM

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : Mr. R . RANADHEER REDDY

  PRESENTED BY:

1) AZMEERA RAJESH - 20C35A0203

2) GANGINENI SRIVARSHA - 20C35A0225

3) ANUMANDLA AKSHAY - 20C35A0202

4) JUJURI NAGARAJU - 20C35A0234

5) MEKALA HARISH - 20C35A0247 1

Contents :
•Abstract
•Introduction
•objective
•Literature survey
•Technology used
•Block diagram
•Circuit diagram
•Components
•Working
•Advantages
•Output
•References
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 ABSTRACT
• The ultimate agenda is to automate the process of watering plants. This work helps us to know the
values of various parameters such as humidity, moisture and temperature of plants and water them
accordingly. The system consists of three sensors which sense the values of humidity, moisture and
temperature of plants. If any of the values decreases the motor automatically turns on the water for
plants.

• The ultimate significance is that most of the manual work is reduced and the watering process is
automated with the help of devices as a result of which healthy plants can be grown, Water and
electricity usage are saved.

• This methodology with the use of IOT technology has made us achieve healthy farming. Increase in
agriculture also helps us to increase the economical state of the country.

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Introduction
• Agriculture is only the major food production system in India
• Irrigation is a vital process that impacts crop production This irrigation
method takes a lot of time and effort particularly when there are
multiple agriculture fields
• Automation in the irrigation system makes farmer work much easier.
Sensor based automated irrigation systems provide a hopeful solution
to farmers where farmers are not required on the field.
• In this project We have made a working prototype model by using
Node MCU ESP 8266 and different sensor.

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objective

The main aim of IoT devices is to reduce the load from human
shoulders. The irrigation system makes farming much easier.

Sensor based automated irrigation systems provide a hopeful

solution to farmers where farmers are not required on the field and
healthy growing of crops

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LITERATURE SURVEY
Title: Irrigation Control System Using GSM for Efficient Use
Authors: Laxmi Shabadi, Nandini Patil
The motivation for this project came from the countries where the
economy is based on agriculture and the climatic conditions lead to lack
of rains & scarcity of water. The farmers working in the farm lands are
solely dependent on the rains and bore wells for irrigation of the land.
Even if the farmland has a water-pump, manual intervention by farmers
is required to turn the pump ON/OFF whenever needed. In this paper
we tried to minimize this manual intervention by the farmer.

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Title: Automatic Irrigation System for Agriculture
Authors: Izzatdin Abdul Aziz
To irrigate large areas of plants is an onerous job. In order to overcome this
problem many irrigation scheduling techniques have been developed which are
mainly based on monitoring the soil, crop and weather conditions. Irrigation
scheduling engrossed when to irrigate and how much water to be applied.
Currently most of the irrigation scheduling systems and their corresponding
automated hardware are fixed rate. Variable rate irrigation is very essential not
only for the improvement of the irrigation system but also to reduce the
irrigation cost and to increase crop yield.

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Technology used
Internet of things
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the inter-networking of physical devices like vehicles,
buildings, and other items-embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and
network connectivity that enable these objects to collect and exchange data
IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such
as processors, sensors and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data
they acquire from their environments. IoT devices share the sensor data they collect by
connecting to an IoT gateway or other edge device where data is either sent to the cloud
to be analyzed or analyzed locally. Sometimes, these devices communicate with other
related devices and act on the information they get from one another.

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• Efficient resource utilization: If we know the functionality and the way that how
each device work we definitely increase the efficient resource utilization as well as
monitor natural resources.
• Minimize human effort: As the devices of IoT interact and communicate with
each other and do lot of task for us, then they minimize the human effort.
• Save time: As it reduces the human effort then it definitely saves out time. Time is
the primary factor which can save through IoT platform.
• Improve security: Now, if we have a system that all these things are
interconnected then we can make the system more secure and efficient.

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ThingSpeak
ThingSpeak is an IoT analytics platform service that allows you to
aggregate, visualize and analyze live data streams in the cloud. ThingSpeak
provides instant visualizations of data posted by your devices to ThingSpeak
ThingSpeak you can perform online analysis and processing of the data as it
comes in. 
• Easily configure devices to send data to ThingSpeak using popular IoT
protocols.
• Visualize your sensor data in real-time.
• Aggregate data on-demand from third-party sources.
• Run your IoT analytics automatically based on schedules or events.

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Block Diagram of IOT Enabled Smart Farming and Irrigation System

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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Components used
NODE MCU ESP8266
NodeMCU is an open source platform based on ESSP8266 which can connect and let data transfer
using Wi-Fi protocol
ESP8266 is a microcontroller
• Operating Voltage: 3.3V
• Input Voltage: 7-12V
• Digital I/O Pins (DIO): 17
• Analog Input Pins (ADC): 1
• UARTs: 2
• SPIs: 1
• I2Cs: 1
• Flash Memory: 4 MB
• SRAM: 64 KB

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Pin diagram of nodemcu esp8622

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CAPACITIVE SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR
Capacitive soil moisture sensor which measures the volumetric amount of
moisture levels present in soil.
Capacitive moisture sensor works by measuring capacitance changes
caused by the changes in the dielectric.
• Operating Voltage: 3.3 ~ 5.5 VDC.
• Operating Current: 5mA.
• Dimensions mm(LxWxH): 98 x 23 x 4.
• 3-Pin interface.
• Analog output.

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PINS :
The sensor has 3 pins
• 5V VCC : This pin needs 5V DC to work. So 5V DC power supply is provided to
this pin.
• Ground : This pin connects the GND terminal of the power supply.
• AOUT : This pin gives outputs analog signal

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RELAY
A relay is an automatic switch that is commonly used in an automatic control circuit and
to control a high-current using a low-current signal. The input voltage of the relay signal
ranges from 0 to 5V.

• Voltage supply ranges from 3.75V – 6V

• Quiescent current is 2mA
• Once the relay is active then the current is ~70mA
• The highest contact voltage of a relay is 250VAC/30VDC
• The maximum current is 10A

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Pins of relay
• Normally Open (NO): This pin is normally open unless we provide a signal to
the relay modules signal pin. So, the common contact pin smashes its link through
the NC pin to make a connection through the NO pin
• Common Contact: This pin is used to connect through the load that we desire to
switch by using the module.
• Normally Closed (NC): This NC pin is connected through the COM pin to form a
closed circuit. However, this NC connection will break once the relay is switched
through providing an active high/low signal toward the signal pin from a
microcontroller.
• Signal Pin: The signal pin is mainly used for controlling the relay.
• 5V VCC: This pin needs 5V DC to work. So 5V DC power supply is provided to
this pin.
• Ground: This pin connects the GND terminal of the power supply.
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DHT11Humidity Temperature Sensor
A humidity sensor is an electronic device that measures the humidity in its
environment and converts its findings into a corresponding electrical signal.

• Operating Voltage: 3.5V to 5.5V

• Operating current: 0.3mA
• Output: Serial data
• Temperature Range: 0°C to 50°C
• Humidity Range: 20% to 90%
• 5HZ sampling rate

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PINS :

The sensor has 3 pins

VCC: Power supply 3.5V to 5.5V
DATA: Outputs both Temperature and Humidity through serial Data
GND: Connected to the ground of the circuit

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OLED DISPLAY
OLED is organic light emitting diode that emits light in response to an electric current
128x64 OLED display is simple dot matrix graphic display
It has 128 columns and 64 rows which make it display of total 128x64 = 8192 pixels.
• Voltage: 3.3-5V
• Current: 20mA
• Size: 0.96 inch
• Resolution: 128 x 64
• Display Area: 21.74 x 10.86mm
• Operating Temperature: -40~70 celsius
• Interface Type: I2C/IIC
• Light Color: White

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pins
• SDA (Serial Data): SDA is used to transmit data between master and slave. The data sent through
SDA.

• SCL (Serial Clock): It is a clock signal Data will be sent to other devices on clock tick event.

• VCC: This is power supply pin. +3.3V supply is required.

• GND: This is Ground pin. Connect ground of supply to this pin.

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Submersible pump
This pump is used for the watering for the fields
The water pump works using water suction method which drain the water through its
inlet and released it through the outlet.
Voltage : 3-5V DC
Current : 0.1-0.2A
Flow rate : 1.2-1.6 L/min
Diameter of water outlet : 5.0 mm
Diameter of water inlet : 5.0mm

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Flow chat

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working
• This device consisting of some sensor and microcontroller is
programmed for operating the motor.
• The soil moisture field is sensed by the sensor node and the sensed
data is sent to the microcontroller node through wireless networking
means.
• when soil moisture goes down the motor gets on automatically
• On getting sensor value the controller node checks it with required soil
moisture value. When soil moisture in a particular field is not up to
required level (20%) then the controller node switches on the motor to
irrigate

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Output graphs from thingspeak cloud

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kit

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Conclusion
• I conclude that this system is eazy to implement, money and man
power saving solution for irrigation fields.
• A farmer can monitor his agriculture land moisture, water level,
temperature time to time.
• IOT based smart irrigation system displays the values of sensors
continuously in smart phone or web page.
• Farmer can operate them operate anytime from anywhere.

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Advantages :
Real time data monitering
 Low operation cost
 Increase productivity
 Reduse soil erosion and nutrient leaching
 Efficient and saves time

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References :
[1]IOT based Smart Irrigation System “Srishti Rawal” presented at
International Journal of Computer Applications, volume 159-No 8,
February 2017.
[2]Sensor Based Automated Irrigation System with IOT “Karan Kansara
and Vishal Zaweri,” presented at International Journal of Computer
Science and Information Technologies, vol-06, 2015.
[3]C.H.Chavan and V.Karnade, “ Wireless Monitoring of Soil moisture,
Temperature and Humidity using Zigbee in Agriculture” presented at
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT),
vol-11, May- 2014. 

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Thanking you

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