VOLLEYBAL

GROUP 2

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WHAT IS
VOLLEYBALL?
Volleyball is played by two teams of
six players on a court divided by a
net.
The object of the game is to send the
ball over the net so that the opposing
team cannot return the ball or
prevent it from hitting the ground in
their court.

Volleyball is a globally recognized sport

that found its origins in the United
States of America.
WHAT IS
VOLLEYBALL?
The game consists of nine
innings, each side serving a
certain number of times, as per
the rules, per inning.

Each team has 3 hits to attempt,

to return the ball.
WHAT IS
VOLLEYBALL?
Play is started by a player on
one side serving the ball over the
net into the opponents' field or
court. The ball is then returned
by the opponents without
allowing it to touch the ground,
and this process is continued
until one side fails to do so or
the ball touches the ground.
CONTENTS
History of Volleyball

Rules And Regulations In Volleyball

Court Dimensions/Venue Volleyball

Equipment and Gear

Technical and Tactical Skills

Officiating/ How to officiate sport

HISTORY OF
VOLLEYBALL
Volleyball was invented in 1895 by
William G. Morgan, physical
director of the Young Men's
Christian Association (YMCA) in
Holyoke, Massachusetts.

On July 7, 1896, the first game of

volleyball was played at
Springfield College. Which at that
time, volleyball was originally
called mintonette.
HISTORY OF
VOLLEYBALL
In the 1900s, a special ball was
designed for the sport.

In 1907, volleyball was

presented at the playground
of America convention as one
of the most popular sports.
HISTORY OF
VOLLEYBALL
In 1916, in the Philippines, an
offensive style of passing the ball
in a high trajectory to be struck by
another player (the set and spike)
was introduced. The Filipinos
developed the "bomba" or kill and
called the hitter a "bomberino."
In 1917, the game was changed to
21-25 pts.
In 1947, the Federation
International de Volleyball
(FIVB) was founded in Paris.
HISTORY OF
VOLLEYBALL
In 1948, the first two-man beach
tournament was held.

In 1949, the first world

championships were held in
Prague, Czechoslovakia.
In 1960, new techniques are
added to the game like a soft
spike, forearm pass, blocking
across the net, and defensive
diving and rolling.
HISTORY OF
VOLLEYBALL
In 1969, the executive committee
of the NCAA proposed addition of
volleyball to its program.

In 1990, the world league was

created.

In 1995, the sport of volleyball was

100 years old.
RULES AND REGULATIONS
THE SERVE
The server must serve behind the
restraining line (end line) until contact .

Ball may be served underhand or

overhand.
RULES AND
REGULATIONS
THE SERVE
• Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve.
• Served ball may graze the net and drop to the other side
• First game serve is determined by a volley, each subsequent game
shall be served by the previous game loser.
• Serve must be returned by a bump only. No setting or attacking a
serve.
RULES AND
REGULATIONS
SCORING
• Rally scoring will be used.
• There will be a point scored on every score of the ball.
• Offense will score on a defense miss or out of bounds hit.
• Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, or serve
into the net.
• Game will be played to 25 pts.
• Must win by 2 points.
RULES AND
REGULATIONS
ROTATION

• Team will rotate each time they win the serve.

• Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner.

• There shall be 4-6 players on each side.

RULES AND
REGULATIONS
PLAYING THE GAME

• Maximum of three hits per side.

• Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not
considered a hit).
• Ball may be played off the net during a volley and no serve.
• A ball touching a boundary line is good.
• A legal hit is contact with the ball by a player body above and
including the waist which does not allow the ball to visibly come to
rest.
COURT DIMENSIONS/
VENUE
COURT DIMENSIONS/ VENUE

COURT

NET
The Net is placed
vertically over the center
line with the top
measuring 2. 43m for
men and 2.24m for
women
COURT DIMENSIONS/
VENUE
COURT DIMENSIONS/ VENUE

BALL
The Is Spherical in
shape, made of flexible
or synthetic leather with
a circumference of 65 -
67 cm and a weight of
260 – 680g.

CENTER LINE
COURT DIMENSIONS/
VENUE
COURT DIMENSIONS/ VENUE

FRONT ZONE

BACK ZONE

SERVICE ZONE

FREE ZONE

SUB ZONE
COURT DIMENSIONS/
VENUE
COURT DIMENSIONS/ VENUE

LIBERO
REPLACEMENT
ZONE

PENALTY AREA

SERVICE ZONE
COURT DIMENSIONS/
VENUE
VOLLEYBALL COURT DIMENSION
EQUIPMENT USED IN
VOLLEYBALL
Court- measures 9 m wide by 19 m long divided by a
line at the center and it is marked by two end lines
and two side lines

Net- volleyball net measures 32 feet long by 3 feet

wide and is placed over the center line

NET AND COURT

 Ball- is a spherical shape made of
flexible or synthetic leather with a
circumference of 65-67 cm and weight
of 260-280 g.
BALL
EQUIPMENT USED
POST AND CABLES

Posts- are placed 0.5 to

1.0 meter outside the lines
and 2.55 meters high
 EQUIPMENT USED

Yellow Card - given Red Card- means

as a caution or that the player has to
warning leave the court with
immediate effect.

PENALTY CARDS
VOLLEYBALL SAFETY
GEARS ANKLE BRACES
Ankle injuries are the most common injuries
that occur in volleyball, leading many
veteran’s volleyball players and coaches to
consider ankle braces as necessary
accessories.

ARM SLEEVES
Arm sleeves in volleyball are used for both
comfort and protection. They can help to
protect the arms from floor burn or can be
used as compression sleeves for improved
blood flow
VOLLEYBALL SAFETY
GEARS ELBOW PADS
Elbow pads are sleeves that can be either
padded or non-padded. They slide over the
arm and are designed to give cushioning and
protection.

FINGER TAPE

It's main purpose in volleyball is to protect a

player's fingers from getting hurt when
hitting or blocking the ball.
VOLLEYBALL SAFETY
GEARS KNEE PADS
It is used to protect the knees when sliding or
falling. Knee pads should be sturdy enough to
protect your knees from falls, slides and
dives, but flexible enough to allow you to bend
comfortably.

SHOES
Good volleyball shoes should have rubber
soles that can grip the court surface, allowing
you to quickly cut and pivot. Shoes with
excellent traction will prevent you from
slipping and sliding, which is essential to
avoiding injuries.
 TECHNICAL AND
TACTICAL SKILLS
SERVING

This skill is used to start the game or continue it after a point has
been made. There are two types of service-the underhand and
overhand serve. (Concha et al., 2018)
 TYPES OF SERVING
UNDERHAND SERVING OVERHAND SERVING
It is hitting the ball from below. It is hitting the ball from above,
at a level higher than the head.
 TECHNICAL AND
TACTICAL SKILLS
RECEIVING
It involves returning the ball from
a service, spike, or any type of hit
from the other side of the court.
PASSING
It involves deflecting the ball toward the
direction of a player’s teammate. A
player is not allowed to catch or hold the
ball.
 TECHNICAL AND
TACTICAL SKILLS
SETTING
This leads a pass or a setup for an attack. It
requires good ball control to make the
following spike successful. The ball is tossed
up high using fingers.

To set – form a triangle with the fingers and

thumbs of both hands above the forehead.
With the hands above the forehead, feet about
shoulder width apart and the right foot slightly
forward, knees slightly bent and the body
leaning slightly forward. Receive the ball with
the hands. The index fingers and thumb will
form a triangle around 3 panels of the ball.
 TECHNICAL AND
TACTICAL SKILLS
SPIKING
A spike or hit is when a player jumps
and hits the ball over the net with a
one-handed overhead swinging motion.
The player contacts the ball with an
open hand in what looks like a kind of
downward slap. The idea is to spike the
ball with a lot of power making it
difficult for the other team when they
receive the ball.
 TECHNICAL AND
TACTICAL SKILLS
DIGGING
This is a defensive bump that keeps the
ball from hitting the floor when it is
sent to your side of the court with an
offensive attack called spike.

BLOCKING

This is a defensive effort performed by

two or three members of the team to
deflect a ball coming from a spike.
 TACTICAL SKILLS IN
VOLLEYBALL
DEFENSIVE TACTICS IN VOLLEYBALL
A volleyball team should have defensive players,
who must be able to resist attacks of the opposite
team successfully. You need to know that the
defensive tactic in volleyball is all about blocking
as well as diving, rolling and sliding.
BLOCKING DIVING, ROLLING AND SLIDING
Now, it’s time to figure out The job of a defensive volleyball
what it takes to be a successful player is not to let the ball hit the
volleyball blocker. It’s crucial ground. If this happens for some
for defensive volleyball players reasons the volleyball team will
to choose the right moment for lose a point.
blocking.
 TACTICAL SKILLS IN
VOLLEYBALL
PASSING TACTICS IN VOLLEYBALL
After the attack of the opposite team is resisted
successfully, the next important thing that a
volleyball team has to do is to pass the ball and
start preparing for carrying out an attack hit.

DIGGING SETTING
As it was mentioned above, dig is
The preparation for a
the first of 3 shots. However, the
volleyball attack starts with a
second passing shot is known to
dig. Actually, a dig is an
be set. In other words, setting is
accurate and controlled
the final stage of preparing for an
volleyball shot.
attack hit.
 TACTICAL SKILLS IN
VOLLEYBALL
ATTACKING TACTICS IN VOLLEYBALL
SERVING
Serve is considered to be one of the most
important shots in volleyball. There are
different types of serves in volleyball –
float serve, jump serve as well as topspin
serve.
SPIKING
A spike is another type of an attack hit in
volleyball. After the ball is digged and set,
it’s time for an attacker to carry out the
attack hit. And of course, an attacker
should aim to land the ball on the
opposite side of the court to win a score
for his/her team.
POSITION OF PLAYERS
There are seven different positions in volleyball, and each player has a specific
role to play.
OUTSIDE HITTER
An outside hitter hits and blocks from the left
side of the court. Normally, they also carry the
responsibilities of passing and playing defense
when they get to the back row.
OPPOSITE HITTER
Opposite hitters earned that title because they
are opposite to the strong (left) side hitter,
meaning they hit behind the setter. In a 6-1, just
like an outside hitter, an opposite has the
option to play all the way around, passing,
playing defense, and hitting out of the back
row.
MIDDLE BLOCKER
Middle blockers are the team’s best
blockers, and they hit mostly fast-
tempo sets from the middle of the
court and behind the setter. Typically
the libero goes in for the middle when
he or she rotates to the back row
SETTER
A setter’s primary responsibility is to
take the second ball and set it up for
one of the hitters to attack.
 POSITION OF PLAYERS
There are seven different positions in volleyball, and each player has a specific
role to play.
LIBERO
Liberos wear a jersey of a different color and
play in the back row five out the six rotations,
usually subbing in for both middle blockers.
When the libero comes in for another player, it
does not count as a substitution.
DEFENSIVE SPECIALIST
Much like a libero, a defensive specialist plays
in the back row and is responsible for playing
defense and receiving serve.
SERVING SPECIALIST
A serving specialist is a player who
subs in just to serve. These players
typically have a very tough or very
consistent serve, and they come in for
a player who is less strong behind the
service line, but otherwise very
valuable to have on the court as an
offensive or defensive threat.
MOVEMENT/SWITCHING
SETTER
The setter’s job is to set up the hitters so
that they could hit the ball. Ideally, the
setter will get possession of the ball second
to set it up for the hitters; if he/she can’t get
to it, then he/she has to yell “help,” and
have someone else do it. If he/she
accidentally gets it first, then he has to yell
“setter out” so someone else can set it.
OUTSIDE HITTER
This player hits the ball from the strong
corner (front left for right handed players;
front right for left-handed players).
MIDDLE BLOCKER
This is usually a tall, strong person on the
team, who is mostly in the middle front and
blocks every hit. This player also moves to
form a double block with either of the
outside hitters.
LIBERO
The libero, (a position created in 1998) only
plays in the back row, but can join the game
as often as needed. They also wear a
different jersey than the rest of the team.
The libero is a good passer, good digger,
and has good ball handling skills. This
player often takes the place of the middle
blocker when he or she rotates to the back
row.
MOVEMENT/SWITCHING
BLOCKING STYLE
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
FIRST REFEREE
a.k.a the 'up" referee starts the match,
judges each play and calls the
technical fouls, assigns points and
side outs as they occur to each
qualifying team and also makes the
final decision on questionable plays.
 OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
SECOND REFEREE
Sometimes known as the "down" referee
is across from the first referee on the
opposite side of the net officiating the
game from the ground.

 Assists and supports the first referee

mainly by calling fouls that occur
under the net.
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
SCORER
 creates official records of volleyball
games.

 records team and player information.

 scorekeepers not only track points, but

also player substitutions, sanctions and
time-outs.

 keeps an eye on the individual serving

the ball to track the rotation and notify
referees of potential lapses.

 records the final score of the game.

OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
ASSISTANT SCOREKEEPER OR LIBERO TRACKER
 -responsible for updating the scoreboard and keeping an eye on the libero.

LINE JUDGES
 indicate their calls of the ball
being "in" or "out" when they call
balls close to the sideline or end
line
 touches on balls going out
 the ball touches the antenna, if it
passes outside of the net and the
third hit of a ball crossing over
the net outside the crossing
space
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
OFFICIATING VOLLEYBALL
1. Spotlight is on the teams, not the officiating.
-have the match go as smoothly as possible with little interference from officials.

2. Strive for consistency.

-Never "even up" when you have made a mistake.

3. Be friendly and courteous, but also firm.

Don't let players, coaches, and the crowd influence your decisions.

4. Review rules and situations which tend to cause controversy.

Read the rulebook, ask a clinician, or anyone that you feel can give you the needed answer.

5. The officiating crew should be officiating volleyball as a team.

Work together with your other officials.

6. Be serious but have fun.

You owe it to respect the game. Get in the right frame of mind and focus on the match you
are about to officiate.
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
OFFICIATING VOLLEYBALL
7. Know the rules.
Read the book and use it as a reference.

8. Referees should NOT be a part of the match.

Your job as a referee is to watch and judge, do not coach. Be consistent.

9. Use preventive officiating whenever possible.

Examples are jewelry, water on the court, etc.

10.Have consistent judgment.

Allow play on both sides of the net and call what is different
THANK YOU!