M O D E L I N G , ANALYSIS A N D

FABRICATION O F
MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL
MACHINE
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
 
ST. MARY’S GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS GUNTUR
 UNDER THE GUIDELINES OF
P.RAJASEKHAR M.TECH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

DORAPALLI MATTHEW PHILIP (19BJ1A0323)

KALLUTLA SAI THARUN (19BJ1A0345)
PAMULA PAVAN KUMAR (19BJ1A0368)
SIDDAMSETTI VENKATA RAMAIA (19BJ1A0385)
SIKHA KIRAN (19BJ1A0386)
VALLEPU PAVAN KALYAN (19BJ1A0399)
 ABSTRACT
 ALL TRADES OF VILLAGE ARTISANSHIP IN BLACK-SMITH CARPENTRY, STONE
ETC. CONTRIBUTED TO THE DESIGN OF DEVELOPMENT OF FARM TOOLS
THROUGH ARTISAN’S INGENUITY. CARPENTRY MADE THE COUNTERPOISE TO
LIFT THE WATER FROM WELLS TO IRRIGATE CROPS. BIG SIZE OF
EARTHENWARE WAS MADE BY POTTERS TO STORE GRAINS FOR MONTH TO BE
SAFE FROM INSECTS AND PEST’S COBBLERS USED WHOLE SKINS OF ANIMALS
TO CARRY WATER TO IRRIGATE HORTICULTURAL CROPS BESIDES ENTERING
DUST ROADS. FARMING IS THE BACKBONE OF INDIAN ECONOMY. IN THIS
AGRICULTURE SECTOR THERE IS A LOT OF FIELD WORK, SUCH AS WEEDING,
REAPING, SOWING ETC
•  APART FROM THESE OPERATIONS, SPRAYING IS ALSO AN IMPORTANT OPERATION TO BE
PERFORMED BY THE FARMER TO PROTECT THE CULTIVATED CROPS FROM INSECTS,
PESTS, FUNGUSES AND DISEASES FOR WHICH VARIOUS INSECTICIDES, PESTICIDES,
FUNGICIDES AND NUTRIENTS ARE SPRAYED ON CROPS FOR PROTECTION. AS
AGRICULTURE WAS THE MAINSTAY OF THE POPULATION, FARMER REQUIRED HAND
TOOLS TO DO WORK, IMPROVE LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WORK,
THEREFORE THE RESULTS IN POOR PRODUCTIVITY AND OBTAIN LOW YIELD
MAE( MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURE EQUIPMENT) WAS DEVELOPED.
 INTRODUCTION

• AGRICULTURE HAS BEEN THE BACKBONE OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY AND IT WILL
CONTINUE TO REMAIN SO FOR A LONG TIME. IT HAS TO SUPPORT ALMOST 17 PERCENT
OF WORLD POPULATION FROM 2.3 PERCENT OF WORLD GEOGRAPHICAL AREA AND 4.2
PERCENT OF WORLD’S WATER RESOURCES. OVER THE YEARS, AGRICULTURAL
PRACTICES HAVE BEEN CARRIED OUT BY SMALL-HOLDERS CULTIVATING BETWEEN 2 TO
3 HECTARE, USING HUMAN LABOR AND TRADITIONAL TOOLS SUCH AS WOODEN PLOUGH,
YOKE, LEVELER, HARROW, MALLOT, SPADE, BIG SIKLE ETC. THESE TOOLS ARE USED IN
LAND PREPARATION, FOR SOWING OF SEEDS, WEEDING AND HARVESTING. MODEM
AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENTS ARE NOT USED BY SMALL LAND
HOLDERS BECAUSE THESE EQUIPMENTS ARE TOO EXPENSIVE AND DIFFICULT TO
ACQUIRE
 HISTORY

1. THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

WITH THE COMING OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORE COMPLICATED MACHINES, FARMING
METHODS TOOK A GREAT LEAP FORWARD. INSTEAD OF HARVESTING GRAIN BY HAND WITH A SHARP BLADE, WHEELED
MACHINES CUT A CONTINUOUS SWATH. INSTEAD OF THRESHING THE GRAIN BY BEATING IT WITH STICKS,
THRESHING MACHINES SEPARATED THE SEEDS FROM THE HEADS AND STALKS. THE FIRST TRACTORS APPEARED IN THE LATE
19TH CENTURY.

2. STEAM POWER

• POWER FOR AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY WAS ORIGINALLY SUPPLIED BY OX OR OTHER DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. WITH THE
INVENTION OF STEAM POWER CAME THE PORTABLE ENGINE, AND LATER THE TRACTION ENGINE, A MULTIPURPOSE, MOBILE
ENERGY SOURCE THAT WAS THE GROUND-CRAWLING COUSIN TO THE STEAM LOCOMOTIVE
 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 

•THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE; FIRST THE PETROL ENGINE, AND LATER
DIESEL ENGINES; BECAME THE MAIN SOURCE OF POWER FOR THE NEXT GENERATION
OF TRACTORS. THESE ENGINES ALSO CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
SELF-PROPELLED COMBINE HARVESTER AND THRESHER, OR THE COMBINE HARVESTER
(ALSO SHORTENED TO 'COMBINE'). INSTEAD OF CUTTING THE GRAIN STALKS AND
TRANSPORTING THEM TO A STATIONARY THRESHING MACHINE, THESE COMBINES CUT,
THRESHED, AND SEPARATED THE GRAIN WHILE MOVING CONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT
THE FIELD.
 OBJECTIVES
• THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO PROVIDE FARMERS WITH MULTIPURPOSE EQUIPMENT
WHICH IMPLEMENTS ALL THE SCIENTIFIC FARMING SPECIFICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY TO
GET MAXIMUM YIELD AND GOOD QUALITY CROPS BY REDUCING INVESTMENT AND NUMBER
OF LABOR.
• MULTITASKING, IN ONE ASSEMBLY OF THE EQUIPMENT IT PERFORMS SOWING, FERTILIZING
AND LEVELING. IN ANOTHER ASSEMBLY IT PERFORMS WEEDING AND WEEDICIDE
APPLICATION.
• AUTOMATED, THE EQUIPMENT CAN BE ANIMAL POWERED OR TRACTOR POWERED JUST
PULLING OF THE EQUIPMENT IS ENOUGH AND REST OF THE ACTIONS ARE AUTOMATED.
• THE SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FARMING WITH OUR EQUIPMENT WILL LEAD TO
HIGHER YIELD AND BETTER QUALITY OF CROP.
•  APPLICABLE FOR ALL TYPE OF SEED TO SEED CULTIVATION.
• SEQUENTIAL SPACING OF SEEDS WILL REDUCE THE WASTAGE OF SEEDS AND HELPS
IN THE BEST UTILIZATION OF THE FIELD AND REDUCES THE THINNING AND FILLING
EFFORT.
• NUMBER OF WORKERS REQUIRED IS REDUCED EXCESSIVELY, WHICH IN TURN
REDUCES LABOR CHARGES.
• VARIABLE WITH DIMENSIONS AND FARMING SPECIFICATIONS
• ADOPTED SCIENTIFIC FARMING AND PRECISION FORMING TECHNOLOGY.
• OUR EQUIPMENT IS COMPLETELY FLEXIBLE FOR EASY ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY
 METHODOLOGY

MATERIALS USED
WORK DETAILS
 WORKING
 1.MATERIALS USED:
MILD STEEL L-ANGLES, FLAT PLATES, HALLOW CYLINDERS, SHEET METAL, PVC DISCS,
WOODEN DISCS, TVS FASTENERS.

 2.WORK DETAILS:
COMPLETE DESIGN AND FABRICATION METAL CUTTING, GRINDING, DRILLING, WELDING,
WOOD CUTTING.
  WORKING:
• INITIALLY PLOUGH IS CONNECTED TO THE BEAM USING FASTENERS AND TILLING OF THE SOIL IS PERFORMED,
LATER DURING SOWING SEED DRILL IS ATTACHED TO THE BEAM ALONG WITH LEVELER FOR LEVELING OF
SOIL FOR SOWING AND FERTILIZING, THE SEED AND FERTILIZER ARE STORED IN THE PRIMARY SEED AND
FERTILIZER BOX. THE SEEDS AND FERTILIZER ARE PROVIDE TO THE SECONDARY SEED BOX TO MAINTAIN THE
LEVEL OF SEEDS IN THE BOX AND THE DISC PICKS UP THE SEEDS FROM THE SEED HOPPER AND FERTILIZER
HOPPER AND DROP THEM TO THE FURROW THROUGH THE SEED TUBE. WHEN THE SEED IS DROPPED AT A
SPECIFIC DISTANCE THEN SEED COVERING DEVICE COVERS SOIL OVER THE SEED AND AFTER GERMINATION
OF SEED TAKES PLACE, WEEDS ARE ALSO DEVELOPED IN THE FIELD. BY REPLACING THE SEED DRILL BY
WEEDING TOOLS FOR THE SAME BEAM ARRANGEMENT WE CAN USE IT FOR WEEDING PURPOSES. WEEDING
BLADE IS ATTACHED IN INCLINED POSITION SUCH THAT IT UPROOTS THE WEEDS AND SIMULTANEOUSLY
WEEDICIDE IS APPLIED ON THE FIELD BY THE WEEDICIDE CONTAINER ATTACHMENT.
INITIAL STAGE
AFTER FABRICATION & ASSEMBLY
 SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK:

• BY INCREASING THE EQUIPMENT STRENGTH AND QUALITY

TO ITS PEAK, WE CAN HAVE MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL
EQUIPMENT FOR LIFE TIME USAGE.
• BY PROVIDING HYDRAULICS, GEAR ARRANGEMENTS AND
SOME MINOR ADJUSTMENTS THE EQUIPMENT CAN ALSO BE
MADE AS TRACTOR POWERED EQUIPMENT.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

• DR. C.N. SAKHALE ET AL. (2016): ACCORDING TO THE AUTHOR MULTIFUNCTIONAL AGRICULTURAL
VEHICLE MAINLY FOCUSES ON BASIC PROBLEMS FACED BY OUR FELLOW FARMERS I.E., SEED
SOWING, PESTICIDE SPRAYING, PLOUGHING AND WEED REMOVAL.
• MR. THANGE R.B, MR. UGALE A.G ET AL. (2016): THE AUTHOR STUDIED AND DEVELOPED
AGRICULTURAL NEEDS TO FIND NEW WAYS TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY. ONE APPROACH IS TO UTILIZE
AVAILABLE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORM OF MORE INTELLIGENT MACHINES TO
REDUCE AND TARGET ENERGY INPUTS IN MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS THAN IN THE PAST. HERE AUTHOR
IS TRYING TO MAKE SUCH AN EQUIPMENT THAT WILL PERFORM NO. OF OPERATIONS LIKE SOWING,
WEEDING, PLOUGHING PESTICIDE SPRAYING, ETC. SO, WE WILL BE MAKING THE SPRAYER DRUM OF
PLASTIC AND WILL HAVE CAPACITY OF 10 LITRES WHICH WILL BE USED FOR SPRAYING PURPOSE
• AMOL NALAWADE, AKASH L. KUNDU ET AL. (2019): THE AUTHOR PRESENTED THE
INFORMATION ABOUT THE DIFFERENT INNOVATIONS DONE IN SEEDING MACHINES
AVAILABLE FOR FARMING AND PLANTATION PURPOSE. IN THIS THE MAIN AIM OF SEED
SOWING OPERATION IS TO PUT THE SEED IN ROWS AND HAVING A PARTICULAR SPACING
BETWEEN SEED TO SEED WITH SOIL AND PROVIDES A PROPER EXERTION OF A FORCE
OVER THE SEED

• F.A. ADAMU, B. G. JAHUN AND B. BABANGIDA [2014]: IN THIS PAPER AUTHORS DRAWS
OUR ATTENTION TOWARDS THE PERFORMANCE FACTOR OF A POWER TILLER.AMONG
THOSE DEMAND FOR LIGHT WEIGHT POWER TILLER WAS SOUGHT
OUT MOST FUEL EFFICIENCY AND FIELD CAPACITY SUCH PARAMETERS ARE ALSO
DISCUSSED. WE TAKEN THOSE POINTS IN CONSIDERATION WHILE DESIGNING A
SUSTAINABLE MULTIFUNCTIONAL AGRICULTURAL VEHICLE.
 CONCLUSIONS

• PRACTICALLY OUR MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT CAN BE USED FOR

PLOUGHING, FERTILIZING, SOWING, LEVELING AND ALSO USED FOR WEED REMOVAL
PURPOSES. ALL THE PARTS ARE CONNECTED IN SUCH A WAY THAT IN EVERY STAGE OF
AGRICULTURE THE EQUIPMENT CAN BE REARRANGED OR EASILY ASSEMBLED WITH
FASTENERS TO REQUIRED LENGTH AND SPECIFICATIONS OF FIELD OPERATION.
• OUR TEAM HAS SUCCESSFULLY COMBINED MANY IDEAS FROM VARIOUS FIELDS OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE TO IMPROVE THE YIELD AND BY
REDUCING THE LABOR EFFORT AND EXPENSES. THE WHOLE IDEA OF MULTIPURPOSE
EQUIPMENT IS A NEW CONCEPT, PATENTABLE AND CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY
IMPLEMENT IN REAL LIFE SITUATIONS.